Roof Coating Polyshield Revolution

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The nowadays science and technology pose a number of challenges for a new generation of polymeric substances and materials. Currently, providing polymers with chemical, physical and mechanical properties such as mechanical strength, elasticity, resistance to corrosion, and so on requires the establishment of a new synthetic material with a predetermined set of properties.

An ideal waterproofing for a wide range of destinations

Polyurea, also known as polyurea elastomer is an organic polymer which is formed by the reaction of an isocyanate with an amine of the finished polyester resin-forming composition similar to very hard plastic or rubber. Polyurea is a two component material which is applied to the surface by spraying with special equipment, providing high pressure and mixing of the components.

Polyurea coatings are characterised by a number of high physical and mechanical properties that distinguish them from other film-forming materials (epoxy, polyester, acrylic, rubber, etc.). Here is a breakdown of the main polyurea properties:

  • high speed curing (even at temperatures below 0°C, ready to fulfill its role almost immediately after application to the surface)
  • lack of sensitivity to moisture
  • exceptional physical properties
  • high hardness
  • flexibility
  • tear resistance and tensile strength
  • excellent adhesion to various substrates
  • chemical resistance and resistance to water
  • good dielectric properties

These properties determine the high resistance to weathering and abrasion. Specific curing properties of the obtained films exclusive, application techniques can be used polyurea spray coatings for various purposes, in particular for corrosion protection for protective coatings, membranes and sealing compositions. Polyurea is available under a wide array of brand names – thus, e.g. Britannia offers the material in a variety of Polyshield options, the material is originally designed for roof coatings and roof waterproofing. The sales position, according to the company statistics published at the company’s website, feels comfortably in the top-3 Britannia bestsellers, steadily making the gap even larger.

Polyurea can be used successfully under extreme conditions. When it is applied in the areas almost saturated with water, urea will not cause the formation of bubbles; blister formation does not occur in the case where the air contains large amounts of moisture. Even at low temperatures of the polyurea coating it is still subjected to curing.

Abrasion resistance in polyurea is higher than the other coatings, especially when compared with epoxy resins. Because of the high elongation and excellent coating strength the neoteric material is not susceptible to cracking.

Due to its molecular structure polyurea better resists high temperatures, impressively maintaining its structure. All kinds of coatings of polyurea are highly resistant to the effects of various chemicals. Solvents, oils, oils, alkalis and dilute acids have no effect on the coating of polyurea. Polyureas made on aliphatic isocyanate prepolymers are highly weatherproof and don’t lose luster and color. The material is taken advantage of at military facilities, which confirms the incredible quality and reliability of the approach.

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Lime and its products in the construction industry

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It is hard to imagine the construction process without the use of special materials. Literally each construction stage requires its own range of materials, the choice of which is due to the requirements for this phase of work. Despite this fact, there are building materials that are used throughout the process of construction of the building, almost regardless of its purpose. Such materials include building dry mixes, which become the basis for the preparation of cement and other materials.

The composition of building mixes may vary depending on their use. The most mixes include construction lime, which properties guarantee high adhesion and durability of the final result. Construction lime is indispensable in the stone work, because it can help to achieve a high rate of bonding surfaces. Floor tiles for the bathroom are often built using a mixture which includes lime. It should be noted that this material is environmentally friendly and does not cause allergic reactions, which allows its use in the construction and finishing work carried out in residential areas.

During work on the decoration of the bathroom you should not only consider the quality of supplies, but also take into account the size of the future plumbers, for example, bath. This will not just calculate the amount of materials needed, but also to conduct all work quickly, the quality, without the need to eliminate the deficiencies.

The choice of plumbers today is so diverse that every customer can select the elements of plumbing not only according to their perceptions of the quality of products, not only in terms of financial capacity, but also picking up on the stylistic elements. Some people prefer the classics, others prefer vanguard and so on.

If the first phase of construction work is carried out laying the foundation and used cement mixture, one of the latest treatments is plastering and hydraulic lime surfaces. When it comes to foundation, hydraulic lime is used – the fine powder obtained by calcining marly limestones containing 6-20% clay and fine sand impurities at 900-1100°C. Thus, silicates, alumina and ferrates are formed, giving this ability to maintain long-term durability in the water after the pre-hardening in the air. This solution is widely applied by time-tested, innovative architectural agencies, such as a UK-based Telling Company – the specialists resort to hydraulic lime and lime mortar materials on a regular basis.

Production of hydraulic lime

The production consists of firing of raw materials, quenching calcine, unslaked particle separation and grinding and mixing the crushed grains with slaked material. In some cases, a mixture of ground and slaked part of the material is not produced, and therefore, 2 separate product are manufactured.

Hydraulic lime calcination temperature depends on the composition and structure of the roasted material. The more clay magnesia and impurities it contains, the lower the firing temperature must be (although hydraulic lime is burned within the 900-1100 ° C range as a rule).

The process of hardening of hydraulic lime contains elements of air and hydraulic curing. The first one takes place due to the presence of calcium hydroxide, which is the evaporation of excess moisture is gradually crystallised and carbonised in the surface layers under the action of carbon dioxide.

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Trade Secrets Legal Practice In EU & World

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Although the secrets of the production are recognised as an effective remedy for the economic interests of entrepreneurs and applied from the times of Roman law (to take at least medieval sailors generously inhabited their memories and maps of various sea monsters will protect a comfortable way to the islands with spices or other treasures), for all that still lack a common understanding and harmonised regulation.

With respect to trade secrets a variety of terms is used production/technical/commercial secrets, confidential/classified information, commercial/official secrets, know-how and some other (we will use these terms as synonyms, unless otherwise indicated). There is no consistent understanding of their legal role and content. Neither there is clarity about whether the secrets can be considered to be intellectual property. Therefore, at the level of individual countries the approaches are significantly different. Take for example a Russian law, which in recent years has expanded the regulation of objects considered as commercial (official) secrets, then switched to production of secrets (know-how) and trade secrets relegating to the level of a simple mode of use.

This burden is oftentimes delegated to special departments or contracting agencies, which overwhelmingly depends on the type of business. Research and innovation companies prefer to gather production and legal forces under one roof. Thus, e.g. Manchester University has created a separate branch, UMIP, to deal with intellectual property aspects and maintain commercialisation.

The lack of uniformity in international law

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The essential role of valves in engineering infrastructure

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Cozy home must be dry and safe. And those who once experienced all the charms of dealing with consequences of broken pipeline know that the quality of pipeline networks is beyond the notorious savings. Talking about the quality of pipe networks, it is worth recalling that the focus should be not placed only on pipes, but also on connecting valves.

Let us have a more detailed look at ball valves, the devices that are used almost everywhere today, in all the pipeline networks designed for the transport or distribution of liquid and gaseous media. Valves will close, open or redirect the flow of fluid. For many years valves have undergone many changes from the unpretentious valves to ball valves, which now occupy the leading position in the market of pipeline valves.

The scope of use

The scope of the ball valves use is truly extensive: these devices are successfully used in heating systems, water and gas stations, both on domestic and on the larger scale production level. Another aspect of use is installation of ball valves near the base of risers (e.g., fire or drinking water cranes and other systems), as well as at each branch from the main pipeline. Ball valves are ideal for use in pipelines transporting oil, corrosive environments, as well as industrial and drain water and food solutions. The commercial interest in these devices is confirmed by the recent trends – thus, Orseal, a prominent engineering equipment manufacturer, has recently launched a production lineup of ball valves and industrial ball valves, claiming the demand for the quality products in the UK is booming.

Most people are quite familiar with conventional ball valves by accident. Ball valve can be sure to meet almost every home, which has modern appliances: washing machines, dishwashers, etc. In this case, the ball valve is installed on the liner to the equipment and appliances; and in most cases, in a residential area installation of the ball valve on the water pipe is produced in association with a fine filter. Because of this, the water used for cooking and other household needs, it becomes much cleaner.

The principle of operation

Ball valves are designed for complete shut-off of the working environment and are not used for its adjustment. If you want to ball valve has served you for many years, it is necessary to use it exactly as it is designed to, in accordance with the rules laid down in the instructions.

The principle of operation of the ball valve relies on overlapping the medium flow by locking element. The locking element is a ball valve with a through ball cylindrical bore. By turning the locking element on its axis – perpendicular relative to the stationary housing of the ball valve – there is an opening, or blocking the flow of fluid. Regarding the form of the holes, it may be not only circular, but also trapezoidal, rectangular or oval. The size of the opening of the locking mechanism is also different depending on the scope of application of the device and the parameters of the pipeline network.

Depending on the size and destination valving locking member of the ball valve can be sealed in two main ways:

  • floating ball valves (small ball valves)
  • ball on supports (for ball valves with a large diameter)

In some cases, ball valves are used with additional sealing rings. Opening and closing of the ball valve is made by turning the handle by 90°.

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Ultrasonic Cleaning In Vehicles Repairing

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Ultrasonic rinsing with dismantling nozzles primarily applied to the injectors, and the key point here is the use of ultrasound technology. After the initial inspection of nozzles on the stand before ultrasonic cleaning it is recommended to blow each nozzle with compressed air at low pressure (1-1.5 bar) to remove any remaining liquid and exfoliated debris from the nozzle before starting the following procedure.

Parts to be cleaned (this may be not only the nozzle but also carburetors, fuel pumps, and not only fuel system parts – candles, pistons, valves, etc.) are placed in a bath in a special solution, subjected to ultrasound from 15 for 30 min (depending on the degree of contamination, the bath characteristics and the applied fluid). The equipment may vary – accordingly, the output quality may differ. Those looking for quality typically take advantage of Hilsonic level equipment; the UK-based company is considered to be one of the leading ultrasonic cleaner manufacturing players.

However, in nozzles, unlike in other parts, there are certain things you should keep in mind – it is highly desirable to let them ‘work’ during the process of purification, that is, opening and closing the valve. For this purpose, the stands cleaning nozzles are provided control units which supply signals to the injectors at a predetermined frequency and duration (emitting, respectively, the desired engine speed and fuel injection time).

Cleaning efficiency is increased if the cleaning liquid is subjected to heat. For quality cleaning small enough power ultrasonic transducer bath – 50-100 W with a bath volume of 1.5-2 liters. The most common bath designed for the amplitude modulation frequency of 20-44 kHz ultrasonic vibration.

Ultrasonic cleaning is effective at any level of contamination (with high degree of contamination, this method is generally indispensable). In most cases, as a result of ultrasonic cleaning can achieve factory parameters of the injectors.

Complementing the innovations with conventional technologies

Rinsing and/or spraying is typically carried out on a special stand, which is usually combined with a stand injector test. The control system of the stand simulates the injectors on the engine with the only difference that instead of the fuel flowing through wash liquid is applied. An operator manipulating the frequency of electric oscillations injector valve achieves occurrence in the fuel supply passage cavitation – the formation of air bubbles in the liquid. This results in more effective destruction of contaminants. The moment of cavitation is determined visually – the coming out of the nozzle jet fuel becomes brown because of losing slag. Again, the fact should be underlined that this method is better used as an additional or extra measure (ultrasound is a more powerful technology here).

Also, some boards have the function of so-called backwash – nozzles installed on the stand ‘upside down’ and the quality of them washed away the remnants of deposits remaining after the application of other methods (such as ultrasonic cleaning). Typically, backwash function applies only to the nozzles from the top of the fuel supply.

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UK’s younger generation DUI shocking numbers

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Charitable organisations that fight drunk driving have concluded that young drivers in the UK tend to ignore the warnings of the police and the public and continue to drive after drinking alcohol.

According to a new study conducted by the Institute of Advanced Motorists Association and the governing bodies of the police in the framework of the social campaign of the government on the prevention of drunk driving holidays motorists who have not attained the age of 25, often sit behind the wheel while intoxicated. In calculating the results of respiratory tests for alcohol content in blood it was found out that the car drivers under the age of 25 years are nearly 2 times more likely to allow themselves to drive drunk in comparison with motorists in the age group older than 25 years.

Stats more than 6 thousand adolescents under the age of 18 were arrested for drink driving during the period from 2008 to 2013. According to data that have been obtained by police across the UK, 6,558 teenagers were arrested for drunk driving in the last five years, and the youngest detainee was only 11 years old. These figures also indicate that on average each week police detained five teenagers under 18 years old. According to statistics, many of these drivers go without insurance, and 25% of these teenagers at the time of detention were less than 16 years.

However, according to the Ministry of Transport, the total number of teens who got behind the wheel drunk, continues to decline from year to year. Fastest number of such drivers falls in Merseyside, Devon and Cornwall. However, in some regions, including North Yorkshire and Staffordshire, the number of drink drivers under the age of 18 is increasing. According to Solicitors Guru, an aspiring legal platform focusing on drink driving and speeding penalties assistance and helps to find a solicitor,  Manchester is leading in the number of young drink drivers arrested: in the past five years these violations resulted into arrest of 409 people, and some of them were only 12 years old. The tendency of drink driving teens arrests is on the rise Scotland – where the police recorded 718 cases in 2014.

The researchers also concluded that the number of cases where a breathalyzer showed excess of the allowable limit of blood alcohol in December 2014 decreased compared to the same period of the previous year. This has been fixed and the growth in the number of refusals to undergo the procedure to check the blood alcohol content using a Breathalyzer at the downside of the road.
Specialists of the Institute of Advanced Motorists believe that young motorists are more likely to take risks, so that’s why they often ignore Traffic Police recommendations and do not observe the rules of safe driving. Kate Pavitt, director of the Academy for training of driving vehicles, says: ‘According to recent statistics, the highest rate of accidents on the roads of Britain observed among drivers in the age group of 17 to 24 years. Driving under the influence is still one of the most common causes of deaths on the roads. One of the eight deaths in road accidents in the UK is the result of driving while intoxicated’, Ms. Pavitt added.

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The core influential aspects of the web on modern marketing

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The web brings new features and advantages in comparison with marketing based on traditional technologies. Evaluating the benefits of online tools is not the best idea – with the rise of the internet marketing has become way more sophisticated. Here’s a selection of the core advantages according to HTP Digital’s Matthew Brown, digital marketing Manchester professional, specialising in building online promotion strategies.

Moving the key role from producers to consumers

One of the most fundamental qualities, introduced by the Internet is a key role of the transition from producers to consumers. The Internet has made an opportunity to attract the attention of new client in just tens of seconds a reality. However, at the same time it has enabled the same user to move to any of the competitors in a few clicks. In such a situation the attention of buyers becomes the greatest value, and establishing relationships with customers mainly represent the most important capital of the companies.

Globalization of activities and reduction of transaction costs

Internet has significantly changed the spatial and temporal scales of conducting commerce. It is a global medium of communication that doesn’t have any territorial limits, while the cost of access to information does not depend on the distance from it, as opposed to traditional media, where this dependence is directly proportional. Thus, e-commerce allows even the smallest suppliers to reach global presence and do business on a global scale. Accordingly, customers also have the opportunity to choose from all the global potential suppliers that offer the required products or services regardless of geographic location. The distance between the seller and the buyer is important only in terms of transportation costs.

The time scale in the Internet environment is also significantly different from the usual one. High efficiency communicative properties of the Internet makes it possible to reduce the time to find partners, decision-making, execution of transactions, new product development, and so on. The information and services available on the Internet around the clock. In addition, the communication characteristics have high flexibility to easily make changes to the information provided, and, thereby, to maintain its relevance, without time delay and costs of distribution.

These effects also result in a significant reduction in transaction costs, i.e. the costs associated with establishing and maintaining communication between the company, its customers and suppliers. Thus the cost of communications compared to traditional means becomes minimum, and their functionality and scalability are significantly increased.

Personalization of interaction

Using the tools of electronic interaction, companies can obtain detailed information about individual customer requests and automatically deliver products and services tailored to individual requirements. One simple example is the individual layout of a web-site for customers from different regions, activated basing on user’s IP address.

A decrease in transformation costs

The transformation costs decrease can be achieved by selecting the optimal structure of the product portfolio, reduction of time to develop and introduce new products, reasonable pricing policy, reducing the number of intermediaries, the cost of sales, and so on. For example, one way to reduce transformation costs might be a reduction in distribution channels of the goods. The reason for the reduction of distribution channels is the ability for companies to take over functions traditionally performed by intermediaries, as the Internet has the ability to interact more efficiently with customers and at the same time allows you to keep track of customer information.

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No Win No Fee: The Ins & Outs Of The Concept

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According to a number of researches those lawyers working on a success fee do not particularly benefit in terms of profit with respect to those who practice hourly fee services. Those who agree to get a percentage of the winnings oftentimes tend to refuse the client, if they see the futility of the proceedings, while, performing work on the basis of billable hours lawyers have almost no risk and, therefore, they are less selective as a rule.

Indeed, there is a risk that the lawyers charged an hourly fee, may try to stretch the case by declaring unlawful demands and using a variety of procedural tools to extend the trial to sort out every detail, even if this is not necessary.

Most often, a lawyer will not abuse her position, because of the possible loss of trust of the client, which can adversely affect its business reputation. That is more applicable to individual specialists rather than large businesses. Thus, the reputable companies of Forster Dean Solicitors caliber, having a deep focus on accident claims and no win no fee practices, cherish their reputation and the short cash is not something it can be interested in.

Some customers think that the size of the ‘success fee’ is too large, but when you consider that a lawyer actually runs the risk that she would work for free – the amount doesn’t seem so significant. Even the minimum hourly rate of lawyers is quite high, although the actual amount of time and effort spent on the job may be less than specified in the contract.

Most often, companies use a mixed system of valuation services by applying success fee as well as fixed price quotes or hourly rates. This allows you to more intelligently manage the risks of the law firm.

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