Rabi

Rabi akisimama mbele ya kabati ya Torati na kufundisha watoto

Rabi (ebr. רַבִּי rabbi) ni cheo cha heshima kwa mtaalamu wa Torati katika dini ya Uyahudi.

Jina na wajibu

Neno lenyewe lina maana ya "ustadh", "profesa", "mwalimu".

Kazi yake kuu ni kufundisha Torati akijua vema majadiliano ya Talmudi na mafundisho mbalimbali ya sharia ya kidini ya Uyahudi.

Masomo na elimu

Kwa kawaida Myahudi anaweza kuitwa rabi kama amemaliza masomo kwa muda baina ya miaka 5 hadi 8 katika chuo cha Talmudi au pia kwenye vyuo vingine vinavyofundisha habari za Torati, Talmud, falsafa na historia ya Uzahudi pamoja na sheria ya kidini ya Kiyahudi. Mara nyingi masomo haya yanamalizika kwa mtihani na cheti, lakini kuna pia marabi waliosoma kwa muda mrefu na kukubaliwa baadaye kama kiongozi wa sinagogi au jumuiya kutokana na elimu, hekima na sifa zao hata bila vyeti.

Shughuli

Mara nyingi rabi atapata ajira katika sinagogi au kama mwalimu wa vyuoni. Katika mazingira ya kisasa hasa Ulaya ya Magharibi na Marekani marabi wanatekeleza shughuli nyingi zinazofanana na kazi ya mchungaji katika kanisa la kikristo kama vile kuongoza ibada ya sinagogi, kutoa hotuba ya Sabato, kufundisha vijana, kuwandaa mume na mke kwa ndoa zao, kutoa ushauri kwa watu wenye maswali au matatizo na kuongoza sinagogi wka jumla. Lakini ibada ya sinagogi si lazima kuendeshwa na rabi, lazima ni wanaume wazima Wayahudi .

Katika dhebebu kubwa ya Uyahudi wa Kiorthodoksi ni wanaume pekee wanaoweza kuwa rabi. Mielekeo mingine inaruhusu pia wanawake.

Kujisomea

Kuhusu marabi kwa jumla

• Rabbi, Rabbinate, article in the Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed., vol. 17, pp. 11–19, Keter Publishing, 2007.
• Aaron Kirchenbaum, Mara de-Atra: A Brief Sketch, Tradition, Vol. 27, No. 4, 1993, pp. 35–40
• Aharon Lichtenstein, The Israeli Chief Rabbinate: A Current Halakhic Perspective, Tradition, Vol. 26, No. 4, 1992, pp. 26–38
• Jeffrey I. Roth, Inheriting the Crown in Jewish Law: The Struggle for Rabbinic Compensation, Tenure and Inheritance Rights, Univ. of South Carolina Press, 2006
• S. Schwarzfuchs, A Concise History of the Rabbinate, Oxford, 1993

Wanawake katika Uyahudi usio Orthodoksi

• Nadell, Pamela. Women Who Would Be Rabbis: A History of Women's Ordination, 1889–1985, Beacon Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8070-3649-8.

Wanawake katika Uyahudi wa Kiorthodoksi

• Mason Delugoda
• Debra Nussbau, Cohen, Jewish tradition vs. the modern-day female, March 17, 2000, Jewish Telegraphic Agency
• Lauren Gelfond Feldinger, The Next Feminist Revolution, The Jerusalem Post, March 17, 2005
• Moshe Y'chiail Freidman, Women in the Rabbinate, Jewish Observer, 17:8, 1984, 28–29.
• Laurie Goodstein, Causing a Stir, 2 Synagogues Hire Women to Aid Rabbis, February 6, 1998, New York Times
• Jeff Helmreich, Orthodox women moving toward religious leadership, Friday June 6, 1997, Long Island Jewish World
• Marilyn Henry, Orthodox women crossing threshold into synagogue, Jerusalem Post Service, May 15, 1998
• Jonathan Mark, Women Take Giant Step In Orthodox Community: Prominent Manhattan shul hires ‘congregational intern’ for wide-ranging spiritual duties, The Jewish Week December 19, 1997
• Emanuel Rackman, (Women as Rabbis) Suggestions for Alternatives, Judaism, Vol.33, No.1, 1990, p. 66–69.
• Ben Greenberg, Women Orthodox Rabbis: Heresy or Possibility?, First Things, October 2009
• Gil Student, When Values Collide, First Things, September 2009
• Mimi Feigelson, Yeshivah Student, Feminine Gender, Eretz Acheret Magazine

Viungo vya Nje

• Rabbi, Jewishencyclopedia.com
• The American Rabbi - Rabbinic resource of sermons, stories, anecdotes and writings for today's rabbis.
•  "Rabbi and Rabbinism". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913. – A pre-Vatican II Catholic view of the development of the Rabbinical office
• A book review by Rabbi Twersky that deals with advanced study of Torah in relation to Orthodox Jewish women