BARD Offshore 1
BARD Offshore 1 | |
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Location of BARD Offshore 1 in North Sea
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Country | Germany |
Location | North Sea |
Coordinates | 54°22′N 5°59′E / 54.36°N 5.98°ECoordinates: 54°22′N 5°59′E / 54.36°N 5.98°E |
Status | Operational |
Construction began | March 2010 |
Commission date | 26 August 2013 |
Owner(s) | Enovos |
Wind farm | |
Type | Offshore |
Distance from shore | 90 km (56 mi) |
Hub height | 90 m (295 ft) |
Rotor diameter | 122 m (400 ft) |
Power generation | |
Units operational | 80 x 5 MW |
Make and model | BARD 5.0 |
Nameplate capacity | 400 MW |
Website www.bard-offshore.de |
BARD Offshore 1 is a 400 megawatt (MW) North Sea offshore wind farm with 80 BARD 5.0 turbines. Construction was finished in July 2013[1] and the wind farm was officially inaugurated in August 2013.[2] The wind farm is located 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of the isle Borkum in 40 metres (130 ft) deep water.[3]
Laying of cables to connect the wind farm started on 23 July 2009.[4] The 200 km connection is the longest of its kind in the world. It is also the first connection of an offshore wind park realized as HVDC-transmission. Construction of the wind turbines began in March 2010.[5] The first turbine became operational at the beginning of December 2010. Construction was assisted by the purpose-built Wind Lift 1 barge / platform, which placed the 470 ton, 21 meter foundations on the sea bed.
The project has run into serious and unclear problems, including being three years behind schedule and, at a cost of €3 billion, run significantly over budget. A diver[6] and a worker died during construction.[7][8] The farm was supposed to go online in August 2013, but a series of setbacks, including a fire at a transmission station in March 2014, have delayed its activation.[9] BARD went bankrupt in November 2013.[10] Problems include overvoltage and harmonics[11] between BARD and the BorWin 1 grid link and BorWin Alpha HVDC converter platform.[12]
BARD's original owner had decided to make all components within the company, and troubles from the custom transformer are unrelated to standard equipment used elsewhere.[13]
As of January 2015[update], most of the turbines are not supplying power to shore, costing ratepayers €2million per day.[14]
In September 2015, StatKraft and Ocean Breeze extended their contract for two years.[15]
By May 2016, the company website stated that the wind farm had produced 3 TWh, and was running stable at full capacity.[16]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Press release: Pioneering wind farm project BARD Offshore 1 successfully completed on the high seas
- ^ German Federal Minister Inaugurates BARD Offshore 1
- ^ 5-MW BARD Near-shore Wind Turbine Erected in Germany
- ^ DDP: Laying cables to wind farm started (in German)
- ^ Wind farm in the ocean ready to go (in German)
- ^ "Tauchunfall im Windpark" Diving accident in the wind farm Die Welt, 27 July 2010. Accessed: 25 February 2015.
- ^ Pressemitteilung der BARD-Gruppe vom 27. Januar 2012 (PDF; 117 kB)
- ^ Mitteilung der DGzRS, abgerufen am 4. Februar 2012
- ^ Germany's Expensive Gamble on Renewable Energy by Matthew Karnitschnig, Wall Street Journal, August 26, 2014.
- ^ "Bard is bankrupt". renewablesinternational.net.
- ^ "Rätselhafter Defekt legt größten Windpark lahm" Enigmatic defect paralyzes largest wind farm Die Welt, 3 September 2014. Accessed: 25 February 2015.
- ^ Knight, Sara (29 May 2015). "Politics block German offshore wind link". windpowermonthly.com. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015.
- ^ "Größter deutscher Meereswindpark fällt aus" The largest German offshore wind park falls out Die Welt, 7 July 2014. Accessed: 25 February 2015.
- ^ "Im größten Meereswindpark dreht sich wenig" In the largest offshore wind park little turns Die Welt, 26 January 2015. Accessed: 25 February 2015.
- ^ "Statkraft vermarktet Strom aus Bard Offshore 1 für weitere zwei Jahre". windmesse.de.
- ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20160705204457/http://www.oceanbreeze.de/en
External links[edit]
- Technical information
- Official Site
- BARD Offshore I Wind Farm, North Sea, Germany
- LORC Knowledge - Datasheet for BARD Offshore 1
- BARD Offshore 1 on 4c
- Cable details
- Current position and photos of Wind Lift 1
- Bird density
- Media articles