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NINO3.4 Index

  • index
  • SOI
  • NINO3.4

The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.

NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.

An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months.

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21:28 EDT

More wild weather has landed in South Australia's north after a powerful storm caused flooding and widespread damage in Adelaide on Tuesday night, with thousands of properties to remain without power into Thursday.

Victoria weather: BOM issues severe weather warning for damaging winds, heavy rain

20:58 EDT

A severe weather warning has been issued for most of Victoria, with heavy rain and damaging winds expected to bring flash flooding on Thursday.

Alice Springs police officers swim through floodwaters to rescue two stranded tourists

20:51 EDT

Police officers stripped to their underpants and swam across a raging river swollen by floodwaters to rescue two tourists left stranded after their car was swept off a causeway near Alice Springs.