Fluphenazine
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Prolixin, Modecate, Moditen others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682172 |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, IM, depot injection (fluphenazine decanoate) |
| ATC code | N05AB02 (WHO) |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 2.7% (by mouth) |
| Metabolism | unclear[1] |
| Biological half-life | IM 15 hours (HCL), 7-10 days (decanoate)[1] |
| Excretion | Urine, faeces |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | 69-23-8  |
| PubChem (CID) | 3372 |
| IUPHAR/BPS | 204 |
| DrugBank | DB00623 |
| ChemSpider | 3255 |
| UNII | S79426A41Z |
| KEGG | D07977 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:5123 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL726 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.639 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C22H26F3N3OS |
| Molar mass | 437.523 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
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| (verify) | |
Fluphenazine, sold under the brand names Prolixin among others, is an antipsychotic medication.[1] It is used in the treatment of chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia,[1][2] and appears to be about equal in effectiveness to low-potency antipsychotics.[3] It is given by mouth, injection into a muscle, or just under the skin.[1] There is a long acting injectable version that may last for up to four weeks.[1]
Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, and increased weight. Serious side effects may include the potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and low white blood cell levels. In older people with psychosis as a result of dementia it may increase the risk of dying. It may also increase prolactin levels which may result in milk production. It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy. Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic of the phenothiazine class. Its mechanism of action is not entirely clear but believed to be related to its ability as a dopamine antagonist.[1]
Fluphenazine came into use in 1959.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.[5] It is available as a generic medication.[1] In the United States the pills costs between 0.22 and 0.42 USD per day for a typical dose.[1] The wholesale cost in the developing world of the long acting form is between 0.20 and 6.20 USD per injection as of 2014.[6]
Other animals[edit]
In horses, it is sometimes given by injection as an anxiolytic, though there are many negative common side effects and it is forbidden by many equestrian competition organizations.[7]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "fluphenazine decanoate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved Dec 1, 2015.
- ^ "Product Information: Modecate (Fluphenazine Decanoate Oily Injection)" (PDF). TGA eBusiness Services. Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd. 1 November 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2013.
- ^ Tardy, M; Huhn, M; Engel, RR; Leucht, S (Aug 3, 2014). "Fluphenazine versus low-potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia.". The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 8: CD009230. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009230.pub2. PMID 25087165.
- ^ McPherson, Edwin M. (2007). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia. (3rd ed.). Burlington: Elsevier. p. 1680. ISBN 9780815518563.
- ^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ "Fluphenazine Decanoate". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
- ^ Loving, DVM, Nancy S. (31 March 2012). "Effects of Behavior-Modifying Drug Investigated (AAEP 2011)". TheHorse.com. The Horse Media Group. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
