Silicon sulfide
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
silicon(IV) sulfide
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Other names
silicon disulfide
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Identifiers | |
13759-10-9 ![]() |
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ChemSpider | 75527 ![]() |
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Jmol-3D images | Image |
PubChem | 83705 |
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Properties | |
SiS2 | |
Molar mass | 92.218 g/mol |
Appearance | White (samples are sometimes grey or brown) needles. Rotten egg smell in moist air. |
Density | 1.853 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 1,090 °C (1,990 °F; 1,360 K) sublimes |
Decomposes | |
Structure | |
Crystal structure | Orthorhombic, oI12 |
Space group | Ibam, No.72[1] |
Tetrahedral | |
Hazards | |
NFPA 704 | |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
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silicon dioxide |
Other cations
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carbon disulfide germanium disulfide tin(IV) sulfide lead(IV) sulfide |
Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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Infobox references | |
Silicon sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula SiS2. Like the silicon dioxide, this material is polymeric, but it adopts a 1-dimensional structure quite different from the usual forms of SiO2.
Synthesis, structure, and properties[edit]
The material is formed by heating silicon and sulfur or by the exchange reaction between SiO2 and Al2S3. The material consists of chains of edge-shared tetrahedra, Si(μ-S)2Si(μS)2, etc.[2]
Like other silicon sulfur-compounds (e.g., bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfide) SiS2 hydrolyzes readily to release H2S. In liquid ammonia it is reported to form the imide Si(NH)2 and NH4SH,[3] but a recent report has identified crystalline (NH4)2[SiS3(NH3)]·2NH3 as a product which contains the tetrahedral thiosilicate anion, SiS3(NH3).[4]
Reaction with ethanol gives the alkoxide, tetraethyl orthosilicate and H2S.[3] Reaction with sodium sulfide, magnesium sulfide and aluminum sulfide give thiosilicates.[3]
SiS2 is claimed to occur in certain interstellar objects.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ Weiss, A.; Weiss, A. (1954). "Über Siliciumchalkogenide. VI. Zur Kenntnis der faserigen Siliciumdioxyd-Modifikation". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie 276 (1–2): 95–112. doi:10.1002/zaac.19542760110.
- ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5. A printing error in this book states that rSiSi is 214 picometers, when in fact that distance describes rSiS.
- ^ a b c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. p. 359. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
- ^ Meier, Martin; Korber, Nikolaus (2009). "The first thiosilicate from solution: synthesis and crystal structure of (NH4)2[SiS3(NH3)]·2NH3". Dalton Transactions (9): 1506. doi:10.1039/b818856d. ISSN 1477-9226.
- ^ Goebel, J. H. (1993). "SiS2 in Circumstellar Shells" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics 278 (1): 226–230. Bibcode:1993A&A...278..226G.
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