Zinc, 30Zn
![Zinc fragment sublimed and 1cm3 cube.jpg](//web.archive.org./web/20170128145141im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Zinc_fragment_sublimed_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Zinc_fragment_sublimed_and_1cm3_cube.jpg) |
General properties |
Name, seembol |
zinc, Zn |
Appearance |
siller-gray |
Pronunciation |
ZINGK |
Zinc in the periodic cairt |
|
Atomic nummer (Z) |
30 |
Group, block |
group 12, d-block |
Period |
period 4 |
Element category |
transeetion metal, alternatively considered a post-transeetion metal |
Staundart atomic wicht (Ar) |
65.38(2) |
Electron configuration |
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 |
per shell
|
2, 8, 18, 2 |
Pheesical properties |
Phase |
solid |
Meltin pynt |
692.68 K (419.53 °C, 787.15 °F) |
Boilin pynt |
1180 K (907 °C, 1665 °F) |
Density near r.t. |
7.14 g/cm3 |
when liquid, at m.p. |
6.57 g/cm3 |
Heat of fusion |
7.32 kJ/mol |
Heat o |
123.6 kJ/mol |
Molar heat capacity |
25.470 J/(mol·K) |
pressur
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
610 |
670 |
750 |
852 |
990 |
1179 |
|
Atomic properties |
Oxidation states |
+2, +1, 0 amphoteric oxide |
Electronegativity |
Pauling scale: 1.65 |
energies |
(more) |
Atomic radius |
empirical: 134 pm |
Covalent radius |
122±4 pm |
Van der Waals radius |
139 pm |
Miscellanea |
Crystal structur |
hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
|
Speed of sound thin rod |
(rolled) 3850 m/s (at r.t.) |
Thermal expansion |
30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
Thermal conductivity |
116 W/(m·K) |
Electrical resistivity |
59.0 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
Magnetic orderin |
diamagnetic |
Young's modulus |
108 GPa |
Shear modulus |
43 GPa |
Bulk modulus |
70 GPa |
Poisson ratio |
0.25 |
Mohs haurdness |
2.5 |
Brinell haurdness |
412 MPa |
CAS Nummer |
7440-66-6 |
History |
Discovery |
Indian metallurgists (before 1000 BC) |
First isolation |
Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746) |
Recognized as a unique metal bi |
Rasaratna Samuccaya (800) |
Maist stable isotopes o zinc |
|
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed |
· references |
Zinc, in commerce an aa spelter, is a metallic chemical element; it haes the seembol Zn an atomic nummer 30. It is the first element o group 12 o the periodic table. Zinc is, in some respects, chemically seemilar tae magnesium, acause its ion is o seemilar size an its anly common oxidation state is +2. Zinc is the 24t maist abundant element in the Yird's crust an haes five stable isotopes. The maist common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The lairgest mineable amoonts are foond in Australie, Asie, an the Unitit States. Zinc production includes froth flotation o the ore, roastin, an final extraction uisin electricity (electrowinnin).