Penny

A penny is a coin (pl. pennies) or a unit of currency (pl. pence) in various countries. Borrowed from the Carolingian denarius (whence its former abbreviation d.), it is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system. Presently, it is the formal name of the British penny (abbr. p) and the informal name of the American and Irish cents (abbr. ¢ and c, respectively). It is the informal name of the cent unit of account in Canada, although one cent coins are no longer minted in that country. The name is also used in reference to various historical currencies also derived from the Carolingian system, such as the French denier and the German pfennig. It may also be informally used to refer to any similar smallest-denomination coin, such as the euro cent or Chinese fen.

The Carolingian penny was originally a .940-fine silver coin weighing 1/240 pound. It was adopted by Offa of Mercia and other English kings and remained the principal currency in Europe over the next few centuries until repeated debasements necessitated the development of more valuable coins. The British penny remained a silver coin until the expense of the Napoleonic Wars prompted the use of base metals in 1797. Despite the decimalization of currencies in the United States and, later, throughout the British Commonwealth, the name remains in informal use.

The Big Bang Theory

The Big Bang Theory (also abbreviated as TBBT) is an American sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom serve as executive producers on the show along with Steven Molaro. All three also serve as head writers. The show premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007. The ninth season premiered on September 21, 2015.

The show is primarily centered on five characters living in Pasadena, California: Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper, both physicists at Caltech, who share an apartment; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who later becomes a pharmaceutical representative, and who lives across the hall; and Leonard and Sheldon's similarly geeky and socially awkward friends and co-workers, aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali. The geekiness and intellect of the four guys is contrasted for comic effect with Penny's social skills and common sense.

Over time, supporting characters have been promoted to starring roles: Bernadette Rostenkowski, Howard's girlfriend (later his wife), a microbiologist and former part-time waitress alongside Penny; neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler, who joins the group after being matched to Sheldon on a dating website (and later becomes Sheldon's girlfriend); Stuart Bloom, the cash-strapped owner of the comic book store the characters often visit, who, in season 8, moves in with Howard's mother; and Emily Sweeney, a dermatologist who dates Raj and has a fascination with the macabre.

Big Bang

The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.

Dubble Bubble

Dubble Bubble is a brand of pink-colored bubblegum invented by Walter Diemer, an accountant at Philadelphia based Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in 1928. One of Diemer’s hobbies was concocting recipes for chewing gum based on the original Fleer ingredients. Though founder Frank Fleer had come up with his own bubble gum recipe in 1906, it was shelved due to its being too sticky and breaking apart too easily. It would be another 20 years until Diemer would use the original idea as inspiration for his invention.

History

Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in Philadelphia, had been searching for years to produce a formula that allowed bubbles to be blown that did not stick. In 1928, Walter Diemer was testing new gum recipes, he noticed that his product was less sticky than regular chewing gum, and after testing it he found that he could create bubbles easily. After a year of attempts he made the first successful batch of bubble gum. But the next morning when trying to recreate his successful concoction, he failed to reproduce the same results. After four months of trying to mimic his first success he finally made a 300 pound batch of what would become Dubble Bubble. The only food coloring available at the factory was pink, so Diemer had no choice but to use it, and the color would go on to become the standard for gum for the world over. Using a salt water taffy wrapping machine Diemer decided to individually wrap 100 pieces and brought the stock to a local candy store. The gum was priced at one penny apiece and sold out in one day. Before long, the Fleer Chewing Gum Company began making bubble gum using Diemer’s recipe, and the gum was marketed as “Dubble Bubble” gum. Diemer’s bubble gum was the first-ever commercially sold bubble gum, and its sales surpassed 1.5 million dollars in the first year. To help sell the new bubble gum, Diemer himself taught salespeople how to blow bubbles so that they in turn could teach potential customers.

Greatest hits album

A greatest hits album, sometimes called a "best of" album or a catalog album, is a compilation of songs by a particular artist or band. Most often the track list contains previously released recordings with a high degree of notability. However, to increase the appeal, especially to people who already own the original release, it is common to include remixes and/or alternate takes of popular songs; even new material (previously unreleased). At times a greatest hits compilation is the original release for songs that have themselves been released as a single and charted successfully.

Notable compilations

Madonna's The Immaculate Collection is the best selling greatest hits compilation by a solo artist; all of the songs on it are presented in different versions than the original hit versions. The Eagles' Their Greatest Hits (1971–1975) is the best selling greatest hits compilation by a group and also one of the ten best selling albums in history. Greatest hits albums are typically produced after an artist has had enough successful songs to fill out an album release. Some artists, such as Mariah Carey, Madonna, Janet Jackson, Britney Spears, Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson, The Beatles, Kenny Rogers, Aerosmith, Kiss, U2, Dolly Parton, Journey, Los Tigres del Norte, Queen, Kylie Minogue and Billy Joel, have released multiple greatest hits albums through their long careers. Some greatest hits albums are released only at the end of the artist or group's career. For example, My Chemical Romance released a greatest hits album after they disbanded. Other artists, like Eminem have released hits albums in the center of their success. He released Curtain Call: The Hits in 2005 and then Shady XV as a compilation album in 2014.

Fullscreen pause

'Penny' is featured as a movie character in the following productions:

The Last Cry (2012)

Actors: J. Anthony McCarthy (actor), Freddie De Grate (actor), Rachel Ann Mullins (actress), Andy Garza (actor), Kymedienne Jackson (actress), Julia Eringer (actress), Benjamin Sadipe (actor), Reza Ghassemi (editor), Reza Ghassemi (actor), Kristin Peterson (actress), Reza Ghassemi (producer), Reza Ghassemi (writer), Reza Ghassemi (director), Alain Vo (actor), William Campbell (actor),

Genres: Crime, Drama, Thriller,

Devoted Husband (2011)

Actors: Jonathan Lee Jones (actor), Joe Hughes (director), Joe Hughes (producer), Joe Hughes (writer), Semih Ozkoseoglu (editor), Semih Ozkoseoglu (director), Julianne Cannon (actor), Kris Frostad (miscellaneous crew), Amelia Cuninghame (actor), John Todd (miscellaneous crew), Dan James (actor),

Genres: Comedy, Drama, Short, Thriller,

Snip the Wire (2010)

Actors: Pete Lutz (producer), Pete Lutz (director), Pete Lutz (editor), Lara Lustig (actor), Lara Lustig (miscellaneous crew), Jon Reid (composer), Aggeliki Alimonos (miscellaneous crew), Melody Joy (miscellaneous crew), Aggeliki Alimonos (actor), Pierce Edens (actor), Melody Joy (actor), Jon Reid (actor), Sue Smith (producer), Sean Donnelly (composer),

Genres: Comedy, Musical, Short,

Everything Nice (2010)

Actors: Tony Devon (actor), Carmela Jumellois (costume designer), Garrett Kelly (director), Wilson Cobb (editor), Garrett Kelly (writer), William Bourque (producer), Neville Connors (actor), Billie Kennedy (actor), Richard A. Costello (composer), Stephen Donner (producer), Brad Faure (producer), Keith Easter (actor), Irene Lincoln (actress), David Rossett (actor), Isabelle Rosellini (actress),

Genres: Comedy, Drama,
Taglines: Lost in time

Administration (2010)

Actors: Ryan Turner (producer), Ryan Turner (editor), Ryan Turner (director), Ryan Turner (writer), Leo Kaliski (composer), Kyle Thompson (miscellaneous crew), Shane Spalione (actor), Peter Ettinger (actor), Jackie Lee (producer), Kathleen Payton (actress), Sean Gavin (miscellaneous crew), Cosmo Nims (composer), Jules Dominguez (actor), Karen Chimal (actor),

Genres: Horror, Short, Thriller,

Penny's Sweet Demise (2009)

Actors: Daisy Gili (producer), Gordon Sterne (actor), Anna MacDonald (producer), Michael Cheung (producer), Debora Setnik (director), Nihar Saqib (writer), Bradford Yates (editor), Jacob O'Ceallaigh (actor), Jessica Adair (actor),

Genres: Comedy, Drama, Short,

For All Mankind (2009)

Actors: Terrence Howard (actor), Siddhartha Barnhoorn (composer), Robert Malone (editor), Dan Clifton (director), Dan Clifton (producer), Dan Clifton (editor), Dan Clifton (actor), Dan Clifton (writer), Joseph Zentil (producer), Evander Duck (actor), David Brooks (producer), Marymichael D'Onofrio (producer), Ralph Archbold (actor), Gian Colombo (actor), Gian Colombo (producer),

Plot: Johnny Red always wanted to be a scientist and work for NASA when he grew up. After several academic mishaps, Johnny is stuck in his suburban Pennsylvania town. When all other means of impressing the local community fail, Johnny decides to build a functioning time machine. Instead of using correct science, Johnny decides to base all of his research on action-adventure films of the 1980s and 90s. Only his girlfriend Penny and a five-year old neighbor believe in him. Johnny is humiliated on the news and discouraged by his old physics professor Howard Lorington. Lorington doesn't want Johnny to fail, he simply wants him to use real science instead of science-fiction. After Penny helps Johnny to see the error in his ways, he goes back to the professor to get the right scientific information. Working through the night, Johnny applies what he has learned from Lorington and is ready to launch the next day. He is greeted by hundreds of local residents who have come out to see their new hero.

Genres: Adventure, Short,
Taglines: Boy meets girl, girl falls for boy, boy builds time machine

Quotes:

Johnny Red: I want to know, upfront, honestly... what are the chances of getting my time machine up to speed?::Professor Loringon: Well unlike your case study you've presented here...::Johnny Red: Exhibit A.::Professor Loringon: Yes... unlike... Exhibit A, you're gonna have to go a lot faster than eighty eight miles per hour.

Johnny Red: With all due respect Professor, do you think Ben Franklin knew jackshit about chemistry before he flew that kite in the rainstorm?

They Mean a Lot to Me (2009)

Actors: Kathryn Worth (actress), Brandon A Gibbs (editor), Brandon A Gibbs (producer), Brandon A Gibbs (composer), Catherine Radbourne (director), Catherine Radbourne (writer), Catherine Nix-Collins (actress), Rebecca Crowther (actress), Kellie Carter (actor), Kate Dion-Richard (actress),

Plot: Jenny has lost a precious family heirloom that she wants to pass on to her daughter before her wedding day, but time is running out. She must also battle with her daughter's indifference and the urge to be overwhelmed by painful memories to triumph despite it all.

Keywords: christian, women
Genres: Drama, Short,

Outside These Walls (1939)

Actors: Erville Alderson (actor), Harry A. Bailey (actor), Matthew 'Stymie' Beard (actor), Don Beddoe (actor), Clem Bevans (actor), Stanley Brown (actor), Tommy Bupp (actor), Jack Chefe (actor), James Craig (actor), Joe Cunningham (actor), Dick Curtis (actor), Jack Daley (actor), Joe Devlin (actor), Richard Fiske (actor), Gus Glassmire (actor),

Genres: Drama,

Sinner Take All (1936)

Actors: Charley Grapewin (actor), Budd Fine (actor), Ernie Alexander (actor), Sidney Bracey (actor), Lester Dorr (actor), Charles Arnt (actor), Bruce Cabot (actor), Wade Boteler (actor), Joseph Calleia (actor), Jack Cheatham (actor), James Conaty (actor), Don Brodie (actor), Jack Daley (actor), Sayre Dearing (actor), Jonathan Hale (actor),

Plot: Members of a wealthy family start getting threatening letters, and it's not long before the threats turn into reality and family members start getting bumped off. The family lawyer is a former newspaper reporter, and since the family patriarch owns a newspaper, the lawyer uses his investigative experience and the newspaper's resources to dig into the family history to see if he can uncover the person behind the killings. The evidence he unearths seems to point to one person--his girlfriend.

Keywords: attempted-suicide, automobile-accident, based-on-novel, death-threat, doctor, drunkenness, editor, falling-from-height, fire, fired-from-the-job
Genres: Mystery,

Penny Filmography

Play in Full Screen Jack's Playground 1

2003, role: actress
Play in Full Screen Three Timing

2003, role: actress
Play in Full Screen Monsterfacials.com: The Movie

2002, role: actress

Penny, Don Filmography

Play in Full Screen Pick-up

1975, role: actor , character name: Politician
Play in Full Screen The Brighter Day

1954, role: actor , character name: Toby Ballard

Penny Filmography

Play in Full Screen Bi the Way 5

2007, role: actress
Play in Full Screen Her First Lesbian Sex Vol. 2

2005, role: actress

Matching books:

The Outcaste

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