Llanelli

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Not to be confused with Llanelly in Monmouthshire.
For other uses, see Llanelli (disambiguation).
Llanelli
Llanelli is located in Carmarthenshire
Llanelli
Llanelli
 Llanelli shown within Carmarthenshire
Population 49,591 [1]
OS grid reference SN505005
Community Llanelli
Principal area Carmarthenshire
Ceremonial county Dyfed
Country Wales
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town LLANELLI
Postcode district SA14, SA15
Dialling code 01554[2]
Police Dyfed-Powys
Fire Mid and West Wales
Ambulance Welsh
EU Parliament Wales
UK Parliament Llanelli
Welsh Assembly Llanelli
Website llanellitowncouncil.co.uk
List of places
UK
Wales
Carmarthenshire

Coordinates: 51°41′02″N 4°09′47″W / 51.684°N 4.163°W / 51.684; -4.163

Llanelli ("St Elli's Parish"; Welsh pronunciation: [ɬaˈnɛɬi]), the largest town in both the county of Carmarthenshire and the preserved county of Dyfed, Wales, sits on the Loughor estuary on the West Wales coast, approximately 10 miles (16 km) west-northwest of Swansea and 12 miles (19 km) south-east of the county town, Carmarthen. The town is famous for its proud rugby tradition and is a centre of tinplate production.[3]

Llanelli is surrounded by a number of villages and communities in the Llanelli Rural district. Some of these communities, especially ones that immediately surround the town, are often unofficially referred to as Llanelli.[4]

Etymology of Llanelli[edit]

'Llanelli' or 'Llanelly'[edit]

The spelling 'Llanelly' is an anglicised form which was used until 1966, after which it was changed following a local public campaign. This is evident in the name of the local historic building, 'Llanelly House'. It can also lead to confusion with the village and parish, Llanelly, which is in south-east Wales near Abergavenny.

Location[edit]

The town lies on the River Lliedi, although much of the river is not visible, especially in the town centre, where the river is underneath the town.

History[edit]

See also: Timeline of Llanelli history

Historically a mining town, Llanelli grew significantly in the 18th century and 19th century with the mining of coal and later the tinplate industry and steelworks. Many of these industries were served by the Llanelly and Mynydd Mawr Railway which opened in 1803.

Llanelli became such a significant regional producer of tin that it was referred to as "Tinopolis" by the latter half of the 19th century. The closure of coal mines and competition from overseas steel plants meant that Llanelli, like many other towns in southern Wales, saw significant and sustained economic decline from the late 1970s.

People from Llanelli are sometimes nicknamed "Turks". The origin of this name is uncertain. One theory is that many Turkish sailors once called at the port of Llanelli during their voyages.[5]

Culture and language[edit]

National Eisteddfod[edit]

Llanelli has hosted the National Eisteddfod six times: in 1895, 1903, 1930, 1962, 2000 and 2014.[6]

Welsh language[edit]

In the mid-20th century, Llanelli was the largest town in the world where more than half the population spoke a Celtic language.[7] It is ranked the 7th largest urban area in Wales. According to the 2011 UK Census returns, 23.7% of Llanelli town residents could speak the Welsh language.

During the 1950s, Trefor and Eileen Beasley campaigned to get Llanelli Rural Council to distribute tax papers in Welsh by refusing to pay taxes until their demand was met. The council reacted by sending in the bailiffs and selling their furniture to recover the money owed. The Beasleys' neighbours bought the furniture and returned it to them. The council finally reversed this policy during the 1960s when they accepted that the Welsh language should be equal with the English language.[8]

Economy[edit]

In 1991 Llanelli was a distinct Travel to Work Area, but the 2001-based revision has merged the locality into a wider Swansea Bay Travel to Work Area.[9]

Manufacture[edit]

The area around Llanelli in eastern Carmarthenshire is home to a number of manufacturing companies (including the Tata Steel Europe tinplate works at Trostre, and Dyfed Steels), many of which service the automotive industry.[10] The Technium Performance Engineering Centre was developed at Llanelli Gate as a business incubator for businesses in the automotive, motorsport and aerospace sectors.[11]

The traditional industries of Llanelli have been in gradual decline over recent decades and local government has responded by promoting developments such as the Machynys Golf Course, new retail parks at Trostre and Pemberton, and the Millennium Coastal Park, to help attract tourism.[12] The core shopping area has now largely relocated from the town centre to the Trostre/Pemberton area.

Brewing[edit]

Llanelli has a brewing tradition, with the Felinfoel Brewery in Felinfoel, located just outside the town.[13]

The Reverend James Buckley was an ordained Methodist minister, born in Oldham, Lancashire in 1770. After moving to Llanelli towards the end of the 18th century, he became involved in the establishment of a small brewery in the town. After the death of the owner, the Rev. Buckley came into the possession of the brewery and changed its name to Buckley's Brewery. In 1998, the brewery was purchased by Brains Brewery, and production was transferred to their brewery in Cardiff. However, Brains continue to produce The Reverend James, a bitter named in memory of the Reverend.[14] The brewery has now been partly demolished.

Leisure and tourism[edit]

Over the past decade, the emphasis on heavy industry that once played an important part in the district has changed to an emphasis on creating tertiary sector employment in leisure and tourism. Llanelli is now being developed as a leisure and tourism destination, with many ongoing developments such as the new Llanelli Scarlets rugby stadium, the Old Castle Works leisure village (see below) and a National Hunt racecourse at Ffos Las near Trimsaran.[15] Machynys Ponds, a Site of Special Scientific Interest notable for its dragonfly population, is 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south of Llanelli.[16][17]

Religion[edit]

St Elli's Parish Church

The parish church of St Elli is a Grade II* listed building[18] Several other churches in the town are also listed buildings and have been made redundant by the Church in Wales and are now in private ownership. These include All Saints Church,[19] and St Albans Church.[20]

Nonconformism[edit]

From the early 19th to the late 20th century, Llanelli was a major centre of Welsh nonconformism and there were many notable chapels in the town. Several of these have now closed and others are in serious decline. Their history was chronicled in a volume by BBC journalist Huw Edwards.[21]

Of these chapels several are significant, including Capel Als, where David Rees was a minister for many years in the 19th century.

Tabernacle Chapel

The Tabernacle Chapel, built in 1872–73, by John Humphreys of Morriston, is situated at corner of Town Hall Square, overlooking Town Hall. The site is bordered by Coleshill Terrace, Church Street and Coldstream Street. It is built of brown snecked rubble stone with extensive Bath stone dressings and a slate roof. A prominent feature is the four-pillared Corinthian arcade at the entrance. It was Grade II* listed in December 1992.[22] It is used as a venue by the Llanelli Choral Society.[23][24] Other listed chapels in Llanelli include Bethel Baptist Chapel in Copperworks Road,[25] Park Congregational Chapel, at the junction between Murray Street and Inkerman Street,[26] Zion Baptist Chapel at Island Place,[27] and Hall Street Methodist Church.[28]

Sport[edit]

Parc y Scarlets
Stradey Park

Rugby union[edit]

The town's rugby union teams—the Scarlets regional side, competing in the Pro 12 League, and Llanelli RFC, competing in the Principality Premiership—play at Parc y Scarlets, opened in November 2008 just outside town in Pemberton.

Previously, the two teams had played at Stradey Park, home to Llanelli RFC for over 130 years. It was one of the stadiums used during the 1999 Rugby World Cup, hosting the Argentina v Western Samoa game on 10 October. Stradey Park is now being re-developed.

The Welsh folk song Sosban Fach ("Little Saucepan") is mostly associated with Llanelli RFC. Many rugby clubs have notable scalps collected from touring international sides, but on 31 October 1972, Llanelli claimed perhaps the greatest by beating the New Zealand All Blacks. The Scarlets side emerged 9–3[29] winners at Stradey Park.

There is also a strong junior rugby core in Llanelli, including club sides such as Felinfoel, New Dock Stars, Furnace and the Llanelli Wanderers. In 2005, Coedcae School won the Inter-Schools Cup of Wales with an 8–5 victory over Brynteg Comprehensive.

Other sports[edit]

Rugby league

Llanelli's rugby league club are called the West Wales Sharks and play in the Welsh Conference Premier. The Sharks play out of Llanelli Wanderers RFC's home ground of Stradey Park.

Football

Stebonheath Park is the home of football club Llanelli A.F.C. Although the town has a rich rugby heritage, football is a very popular pastime. As a result, there are many active local football teams such Trostre Sports AFC, which is one of the area's best local football teams.

Bowls

Llanelli hosts the annual Llanelli Open Bowls Tournaments, the oldest and most prestigious of which, the Roberts-Rolfe Open Singles event, has been run since 1926, and now has a first prize of £600. These are held from July to September in Parc Howard.

Golf

The Llanelli area has two golf courses, including the Machynys Peninsula Golf & Country Club which hosted the Wales Ladies Championship of Europe from 2005 until 2008; and Glyn Abbey Golf Club which was named Welsh Golf Club of the Year 2009.

Snooker

Llanelli is the birthplace and home of Terry Griffiths OBE, snooker world champion in 1979 and runner up in 1988. Now a coach and snooker commentator, he runs The Terry Griffiths Matchroom in the town centre.

Media[edit]

Llanelli is home to the company Tinopolis, one of the Britain's largest independent media producers. The company has many subsidiaries, which produce over 2,500 hours of broadcast television, including English language television programmes such as Question Time for the BBC and Welsh-language television programs such as Wedi 7 for S4C.[30]

Coverage of local affairs is found in two local newspapers, the Llanelli Star (founded in 1909) and Llanelli Herald (launched in 2015),[31] various online community news outlets such as Your Llanelli and a local radio station, Scarlet FM. Other stations that cover the area are 96.4 The Wave, Swansea Sound, Swansea Bay Radio and Scarlet FM's sister station Radio Carmarthenshire, and Radio BGM which serves the Prince Philip Hospital and the local community via its online service[32]

Local attractions[edit]

Millennium Coastal Path near Llanelli

Some local attractions include:

Leisure[edit]

The Ffwrnes Theatre opened in late 2012, replacing the former Theatr Elli which was part of the Llanelli Entertainment Centre.[35][36] A multi-screen cinema opened in October 2012. Millions of pounds are also being spent on regenerating the town centre shopping district.[37]

Throughout the year, there are many festivals, carnivals and events held in or near Llanelli. They include:

  • Welsh International Open, a competition of the World Bowls Tour (February)
  • Into the Future Festival — educational event about the environment and technology, organised by the county council[38] (August)
  • Llanelli Big Day Out — pop and live music event[39] (August)
  • Llanelli Beer Festival — official CAMRA event[40] (August)
  • Llanelli Christmas Carnival (November)
  • Llanelli Ramblers Festival of Walks, an annual walking festival, late Spring Bank Holiday weekend (May)
  • Llanelli LGBT Day (August)

Transport[edit]

Llanelli is on the south coast of West Wales and is linked to many national locations via road, rail and air services. The town is linked to the M4 motorway via the A4138 and to Swansea via the Loughor bridge on the A484. Llanelli is served by regular local bus services between Swansea and Carmarthen and National Express coaches between many major UK destinations.

Rail provides an important link to the town from Llanelli railway station which is located at Great Western Crescent south of the town centre. The station is connected to Fishguard and Swansea along the West Wales Line and is the terminus of the Heart of Wales Line, which connects the town to Mid Wales and Craven Arms, and then Shrewsbury via the Welsh Marches Line. There are twice daily train services connecting the town with London Paddington and regular services to Cardiff Central, and Manchester Piccadilly. The district of Llanelli is also served by four local railway stations at Bynea, Llangennech, Pembrey &Burry Port and Kidwelly.

Llanelli is connected to the National Cycle Network from the north on NCR 43, and along the coast from the east and west on NCR 4.[41] These routes are directly connected to the town centre via a cycle path.

The nearest passenger airport is Cardiff International Airport (50 miles) although there is an airfield at Pembrey.

Education[edit]

Primary and secondary[edit]

The first Welsh-medium primary school, Ysgol Dewi Sant, was established in Llanelli in 1947. However, the majority of children in Llanelli attend English-medium schools. The English medium secondary schools are St John Lloyd, Bryngwyn, Glan-y-Môr (Burry Port), and Coedcae; the only Welsh medium secondary school is Ysgol y Strade. There is a special school for children with disabilities, Ysgol Heol Goffa, and a private school, St Michael's, based in the Bryn area.

Further and higher education[edit]

Coleg Sir Gâr (Carmarthenshire College) has its main campus at Graig near Pwll. It provides a college education for most of the town's further education students as well as a limited variety of vocational undergraduate degrees through the University of Wales. There are sixth form colleges at Ysgol Gyfun y Strade (Welsh medium) and St Michael's (English medium).

In Prince Phillip Hospital is a postgraduate centre for medical training run by Cardiff University's School of Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education.[42]

Government[edit]

Llanelli (Political)
Mayor Cllr. Roger Price
Carmarthenshire County Council
Leader Cllr. Jeff Edmunds
County
Councillors
(Ward)		 Cllr. J. Edmunds (Bigyn)
Cllr. E. Morgan (Bigyn)
Cllr. J. P. Jenkins (Elli)
Cllr. W. Lemon (Glanymor)
Cllr. L. Roberts (Glanymor)
Cllr. W. Thomas (Lliedi)
Cllr. J. Williams (Lliedi)
Cllr. K. P. Thomas (Tyisha)
Cllr. J. Owen (Tyisha)
Cllr. P. Edwards (Hengoed)
United Kingdom Parliament
Nia Griffith Labour
National Assembly for Wales
Lee Waters Labour

Llanelli is within the Llanelli parliamentary constituency, which is presently represented by the elected Labour party member Nia Griffith MP, and the National Assembly for Wales constituency, which is represented by Labour's Lee Waters AM. Llanelli is run on a community level by Llanelli Town Council and Llanelli Rural Council (depending on the area of town) and Carmarthenshire County Council on a local government level. Note that Llanelli Rural Council addresses some part of the town, but mainly the Llanelli Rural community. Recently, there have been many decisions made by the Carmarthenshire authorities, including the Carmarthenshire County Council and Local Health Board that have been very unpopular and damaging to the communities of Llanelli. In reaction to this, there have been calls to reinstate the local government district of Llanelli either as a county or as the City of Llanelli, making the entire area independent of Carmarthenshire.

The community of Llanelli is bordered by the communities of Llanelli Rural; Llanrhidian Higher; and Llanrhidian Lower, the latter two being in the City and County of Swansea.

Twinning[edit]

Llanelli is twinned with:[43]

Town areas[edit]

Current developments[edit]

Llanelli Waterside[edit]

Llanelli Waterside, a joint venture between Carmarthenshire County Council and the Welsh Assembly Government, is a project that aims to drive the regeneration of the Llanelli area by transforming the waterfront into a business, leisure and residential community. Currently, there are two seafront housing developments under construction. Pentre Nicklaus Village, located on the Machynys Peninsula has been the subject of recent criticism for being above the price range of local people. Pentre Doc Y Gogledd (North Dock Village) in the historic North Dock area is currently being developed by David Mclean homes and is currently on the last phase of development.

Notable people[edit]

See Category:People from Llanelli

Sports[edit]

Government and politics[edit]

Art, media and entertainment[edit]

Other[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Llanelli Urban Area, Census, 2011 ONS: Census 2011 Key Statistics
  2. ^ "Llanelli - UK Codes - The Phone Book from BT". Thephonebook.bt.com. Retrieved 8 February 2016. 
  3. ^ Paxton, J. (1999) The Penguin Encyclopedia of Places. 3rd edition. London: Penguin.
  4. ^ Carmarthenshire County Council: Area and density of Community Wards
  5. ^ Waller, Robert; Criddle, Byron (1999). The Almanac of British Politics. Almanac of British Politics. Psychology Press. p. 326. ISBN 978-0-415-18541-7. 
  6. ^ "National Eisteddfod held in Llanelli for sixth time". BBC News. 
  7. ^ The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2008.
  8. ^ "Tributes paid to Welsh language activist Eileen Beasley, who died age 91". WalesOnline. 13 August 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2016. 
  9. ^ National Statistics, Introduction to the 2001-based Travel-to-Work Areas
  10. ^ "DISTRICT SPECIFICATION AND LOCAL INFORMATION FOR SOUTH WEST WALES". 
  11. ^ Technium Performance Engineering
  12. ^ Strategic Development Project: Overview of Progress
  13. ^ "Felinfoel Brewery - The oldest brewery in Wales". 
  14. ^ Gorseinon: An odd name for a pub
  15. ^ "Racecourse launch at ex-mine site". 11 July 2007 – via bbc.co.uk. 
  16. ^ "MAGIC Map Application - Machynys Ponds". DEFRA MAGIC Map. DEFRA. 
  17. ^ "Site of Special Scientific Interest, Carmarthenshire, Machynys Ponds" (PDF). Natural Resources Wales. 
  18. ^ "Listed Buildings in Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, Wales". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 21 December 2013. 
  19. ^ "Church sale set to pave way for revamp project". Llanelli Star. 24 August 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2016. 
  20. ^ "St. Alban's Church, Llanelli". Coflein. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales. Retrieved 27 April 2016. 
  21. ^ Edwards, H. (2099), Capeli Llanelli: Our Rich Heritage, Carmarthenshire County Council, ISBN 0906821789
  22. ^ Good Stuff (3 December 1992). "Tabernacle Chapel,including Forecourt Railings - Llanelli - Carmarthenshire - Wales". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 8 February 2016. 
  23. ^ "News". Llanelli Choral Society. 8 June 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2016. 
  24. ^ [1]
  25. ^ "Bethel Baptist Chapel & Schoolroom, including Gates & Railings to Entrance, Marine Street, Llanelli". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 16 April 2016. 
  26. ^ Thomas Lloyd; Julian Orbach; Robert Scourfield (2006). Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion. Yale University Press. p. 281. ISBN 0-300-10179-1. 
  27. ^ "Zion Baptist Chapel, including Forecourt Railings, Upper Park Street, Llanelli". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 16 April 2016. 
  28. ^ "Hall Street Methodist Church, Hall Street, Llanelli". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 16 April 2016. 
  29. ^ 10–3 in today's scoring system.
  30. ^ "Home - Tinopolis Group". 
  31. ^ "Pembrokeshire Herald to launch two new sister titles - Journalism News from HoldtheFrontPage". 
  32. ^ "Radio BGM through the Night (2013-02-10)". 
  33. ^ [2] Archived March 9, 2005, at the Wayback Machine.
  34. ^ Park Howard Museum
  35. ^ Gar, Theatrau Sir. "Theatrau Sir Gar". 
  36. ^ Llanelli Star article 15 August 2012>
  37. ^ "Gwasanaethau bws". 
  38. ^ ItFF 2006 website
  39. ^ LBDO 2006 website
  40. ^ LBF 2006 website
  41. ^ "Homepage". 
  42. ^ Llanelli Postgraduate Centre test
  43. ^ "Llanelli Town Council". 

External links[edit]

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