WP:IPA untuk bahasa Korea
Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Korean language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles, based on the standard dialect of South Korea.
See Korean phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Korean.
| IPA | Hangul | RR | English approximation |
|---|---|---|---|
| b[1] | ㅂ | b | ball |
| d[2] | ㄷ | d | doll |
| dʑ[3] | ㅈ | j | gee |
| ɡ[4] | ㄱ | g | gall |
| h | ㅎ | h | hall |
| j | [ㅛ, ㅠ,ㅑ,ㅕ, ㅖ, ㅒ][5] |
y | you |
| k | ㄱ, [ㅋ][6] | g, k | kid |
| k͈ | ㄲ | kk | skin |
| kʰ | ㅋ, [ㅎㄱ] | k | cup |
| l | ㄹ, [ㄴ][7] | l | lip |
| m | ㅁ, ㅂ[8] | m | mall |
| n | ㄴ [ㄹ, ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ][9] |
n | not |
| ŋ | ㅇ, [ㄱ][10] | ng | king |
| p | ㅂ, [ㅍ][11] | b, p | paint |
| p͈ | ㅃ | pp | spit |
| pʰ | ㅍ, [ㅎㅂ] | p | paint |
| ɾ | ㄹ | r | like Scots r or American ladder |
| sʰ | ㅅ | s | like see, but aspirated (with more breath) |
| s͈ | ㅆ | ss | see |
| ɕʰ[12] | ㅅ | s | she |
| ɕ͈[13] | ㅆ | ss | see |
| t | ㄷ [ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ][14] |
d t |
tall |
| t͈ | ㄸ | tt | stall |
| tʰ | ㅌ, [ㅎㄷ] | t | tall |
| tɕ | ㅈ | j | cheek |
| tɕ͈ | ㅉ | jj | pizza |
| tɕʰ | ㅊ, [ㅎㅈ] | ch | cheek |
| w | [ㅜ, ㅗ][15] | w | wall |
| IPA | Hangul | RR | English approximation |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | ㅏ | a | beta |
| aː | spa | ||
| e | ㅔ | e | set, Spanish queso |
| eː | rays, Brazilian Portuguese peixes | ||
| ɛ | ㅐ | ae | bet, Italian bella |
| ɛː | says, French fête | ||
| i | ㅣ | i | mean |
| iː | |||
| o | ㅗ | o | core |
| oː | |||
| ø | ㅚ | oe | weld |
| øː | |||
| u | ㅜ | u | moon |
| uː | |||
| ʌ | ㅓ | eo | mud |
| əː | between pearl (RP) and pull, with spread lips | ||
| ɯ | ㅡ | eu | like moon, but with spread lips |
| ɯː | |||
| ɰi | ㅢ | ui | like wee, but with spread lips |
Notes[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Allophone of /p/ between voiced sounds.
- ^ Allophone of /t/ between voiced sounds.
- ^ Allophone of /tɕ/ between voiced sounds.
- ^ Allophone of /k/ between voiced sounds.
- ^ Spelled by doubling the short line on the vowel.
- ^ ㅋ is Templat:IPAblink at the end of a syllable.
- ^ ㄹ is Templat:IPAblink at the end of a syllable. ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [l:].
- ^ ㅂ is Templat:IPAblink before Templat:IPAblink or Templat:IPAblink.
- ^ ㄹ may be Templat:IPAblink at the start of a word. ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ are Templat:IPAblink before Templat:IPAblink or Templat:IPAblink.
- ^ ㅇ is only Templat:IPAblink at the end of a syllable. ㄱ is Templat:IPAblink before Templat:IPAblink, Templat:IPAblink or Templat:IPAblink.
- ^ ㅍ is Templat:IPAblink at the end of a syllable.
- ^ Allophone of /s/ before /i/ and /j/.
- ^ Allophone of /s͈/ before /i/ and /j/.
- ^ All are [t] and RR t at the end of a syllable.
- ^ Spelled ㅜ before Templat:IPAblink, Templat:IPAblink, Templat:IPAblink; ㅗ before Templat:IPAblink, Templat:IPAblink; ㅚ Templat:IPAblink can also be pronounced [we]
References[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Lee, Hyun-bok (1999). "An IPA Illustration of Korean". Handbook of the International Phonetic Association.
- Lee, Hyun-bok (2002). "음성의 연구와 음성의 표기법". INTERSPEECH-2002 [Phonetic Notation in Phonetic Research]. http://register.itfind.or.kr/Report/200201/IITA/IITA-0114-003/IITA-0114-003.pdf.
- Lee, Hyun-bok (2004). "In search of a universal phonetic alphabet – theory and application of an organic visible speech". INTERSPEECH-2004. http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/archive_papers/interspeech_2004/i04_P3.pdf.
- Sohn, Ho-min (2001). The Korean Language. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521369436.
