Equipment of the Iranian Army
Iranian Army |
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Structure |
Personnel |
Equipment |
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History |
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From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Iran was mostly equipped with Western hardware. Cases exist where Iran was supplied with equipment even before it was made standard in the countries that developed it (for example the US F-14 Tomcat, or the British Chieftain Tank). Primary suppliers included the United States, Britain, France, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), Italy, Israel, and the Soviet Union.
The Iran–Iraq War, and post revolutionary sanctions at the time had a dramatic effect on Iran's inventory of western equipment. Under the pressures of war all supplies were quickly exhausted and replacements became increasingly difficult to come by. The war eventually forced Iran to turn towards the Soviet Union, North Korea, Brazil, and China to meet its short term military requirements. Initial developments in every field of military technology were carried out with the technical support of Russia, China, and North Korea to lay the foundations for future industries.
Iranian reliance on these countries has rapidly decreased over the last decade in most sectors where Iran sought to gain total independence; however, in some sectors such as the Aerospace sector and missile technology Iran is still greatly reliant on external help. Iran has developed the capacity to reverse engineer existing foreign hardware, adapt it to its own requirements and then manufacture the finished product. Examples of this are the Boragh and the IAMI Azarakhsh. In an attempt to make its military industries more sustainable Iran has also sought to export its military products.
This page includes weapons used by both Iranian army and Revolutionary Guards ground forces.
Contents
Infantry weapons[edit]
Small arms[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC-9 ZOAF | Semi-automatic pistol | Iran | 9 mm pistol, unlicensed local production variant of the Swiss SIG Sauer P226.[1] | ||
M1911A1 | Semi-automatic pistol | United States | .45 ACP pistol.[2][3] | ||
MPT-9 | Submachine gun | Germany/Iran | Heckler & Koch MP5 manufactured under licence[4] | ||
Uzi | Submachine gun | Israel | [5] | ||
Nakhjir | Sniper rifle | USSR/Iran | SVD manufactured under license[6] | ||
Siyavash sniper rifle | Sniper rifle | Iran | Domestically produced lightweight sniper weighing 6.5 kg (14 lb) loaded[7] | ||
Steyr HS .50/Sayyad | Anti-material rifle | Austria/Iran | [8] | ||
Shaher | Anti-material rifle | Iran | Iranian 14.5 mm anti material rifle. | ||
Taktab | Anti-material rifle | Iran | Iranian 20 mm anti material sniper rifle [9] | ||
S.5'56 | Assault rifle | Iran | Copy of the Norinco CQ. In service with Saberin unit.[10] | ||
Arash | Anti-material rifle | Iran | Iranian 20 mm bullpup anti material rifle.[11][12][13] | ||
KH-2002 | Assault rifle | Iran | Iranian designed 5.56×45mm bullpup rifle. Limited service.[14] | ||
Fateh | Assalt rifle | Iran | Iranian 5.56x45mm clone of American XCR-L and FN SCAR . | ||
AKM | Assault rifle | USSR | [15] | ||
Type 56 | Assault rifle | China | Chinese AKM clone | ||
KL-7.62 | Assault rifle | Iran | Iranian copy of the Chinese Type 56 and AKM. Possibly produced under license. IRGC main service rifle. | ||
H&K G3A6 | Battle rifle | Germany/Iran | Licensed production,[16] Army main service rifle[15] | ||
MGA3 | General purpose machine gun | Germany/Iran | Licensed production[16] | ||
PKM-T80 | General purpose machine gun | USSR/Iran | Local production[15] | ||
MGD | Heavy machine gun | USSR/Iran | Local production[17] | ||
RPK | Light machine gun | USSR | Local production | ||
Akhgar | Heavy machine gun | Iran | Locally produced 7.62 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun. | ||
Muharram | Heavy machine gun | Iran | Locally produced 12.7 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.[18] | ||
Nasir | automatic grenade launcher | Iran | 40mm automatic grenade launcher. |
Small arms Reference 1:[15] Small arms Reference 2:[19] Small arms Reference 3:[20] Small arms Reference 4:[21]
Infantry anti-tank weapons/unguided[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPG-9 | Recoilless rifle | USSR/Iran | [22][23] | ||
M40 | Recoilless rifle | United States/Iran | [23] | ||
RPG-7 | USSR/Iran | [24] | |||
Type 69 RPG | China | Chinese copy of Russian RPG-7. | |||
Saegheh | Iran | Improved version of the RPG-7.[25] | |||
RPG-29 | USSR | [26] |
AT Rockets Reference 1:[19] AT Rockets Reference 2:[27] AT Rockets Reference 3:[20] AT Rockets Reference 4:[21]
Anti-tank guided missile[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toophan | Anti-tank guided missile | + | Iran | Reverse engineered version of early BGM-71A TOW missile. | |
Toophan 2/2B | Anti-tank guided missile | + | Iran | Reverse engineered US BGM-71C TOW. | |
Toophan 5 | Anti-tank/Anti-helicopter guided missile | + | Iran | Upgraded BGM-71C TOW with laser beam riding guidance system. | |
Saeghe 1/2 | Anti-tank guided missile | + | Iran | Reverse engineered M47 Dragon.[28][29] | |
9K11 Malyutka/Raad | Anti-tank guided missile | + | USSR/Iran | Manufactured in Iran under the name Raad. | |
9K111 Fagot | Anti-tank guided missile | + | USSR | ||
9M113 Konkurs | Anti-tank guided missile | + | USSR/Iran | Built as Towsan-1 or M-113 in Iran. | |
9K115-2 Metis-M | Anti-tank guided missile | + | Russia/Iran | Produced under license from Russia. | |
MILAN | Anti-tank guided missile | + | France | Captured during the Iran-Iraq War. Probably no longer in service. | |
Dehlavie | Anti-tank guided missile | + | Iran | Iranian copy of Kornet.[30][31] |
ATGM Reference 1:[32] ATGM Reference 2:[23] ATGM Reference 3:[27]
Vehicles[edit]
Armored fighting vehicles[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Boragh
BMP-1 |
Armored personnel carrier | 350 | 1997 | 210 BMP-1 and 140 Boragh According to Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm |
Rakhsh | Armored personnel carrier | 50+ | ||
Sarir | Armored personnel carrier | + | IRGC only. | |
Sayyad | Armored fast attack vehicle | + | ||
M113 | Armored personnel carrier | 200 | ||
EE-9 Cascavel | Armored car | 35 | According to Global Security 35 are in service http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
BTR-50
BTR-60 |
Amphibious Armored personnel carrier | 250 | 1966 | KPVT 14.5 mm machine gun replaced with DShKM 12.7 mm machine gun or ZSU-23 gun on some vehicles. ATGM launchers added to some vehicles. |
BMP-2 | Infantry fighting vehicle | 400 | 1991–2001 | 1,500 ordered in 1991 from Russia and 413 were delivered between 1993 and 2001 of which 82 were delivered directly by Russia and 331 were assembled in Iran.[33] 100 were in service in 1995, 140 in 2000 and 400 in 2002, 2005 and 2008.[32] 400 are currently in service.[34] Some sources claim that production is ongoing. |
FV101 Scorpion | Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance | 80 | 1997 | Tosan is a domestically produced light Tank, based on the FV101 Scorpion |
Tosan Tank | Light Tank | 20 | 1997 | |
Zulfiqar MBT 3
Zulfiqar MBT 2 Zulfiqar MBT 1 |
Main Battle Tank | 100+
+ 150+ |
1996–present | Based on M60 and T-72. Featuring EFCS-3 fire control system and autoloader. Late production Zulfiqar 3 has a RAM camouflage and RWS with mounted DShKM machine gun. 150+ in service Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm |
Chieftain
Mobarez |
Main battle tank | -100(Chieftain) -Mobarez ~50 | 707 Mk-3P and Mk-5P, 125–189 FV-4030-1, 41 ARV and 14 AVLB obtained before the 1979 revolution. Further planned deliveries of the more capable 4030 series were cancelled at that point. 100 in service as of 2005.Many others upgraded to Mobarez[35] | |
M60 Patton | Main Battle Tank | 150 | Some sources claim ~150 M60.[36] Locally modernized as the Samsam.[37] | |
M47 Patton | Main Battle Tank | 168 | ~68 M47 Global Security locally modernized as the Sabalan[36] and Tiam.[38] http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
T-72S | Main Battle Tank | 480 | 1994–1999 | Iran produced 422 T-72S tanks under licence from Russia from 1993-2001, received 104 T-72M1 tanks from Poland from 1994-1995 and 37 T-72M1 tanks from Belarus starting in 2000.[39] Possible unlicensed production. |
T-62 | Main Battle Tank | 80 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
T-54/55 | Main Battle Tank | 100 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
Type 69 | Main Battle Tank | 200 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
Type 59 | Main Battle Tank | 200 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
T-72Z Safir-74 | Main Battle Tank | 238 | 10 tanks. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | |
Karrar | Main Battle Tank | 2016 | Domestic version of T-90MS[40] |
Other vehicles[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Safir Jeep | Multipurpose Military vehicle | 5000+ | 2008 | Yearly production of 5000 vehicles [41][42] |
Samandar | Light Attack Vehicle | + | [43][44] | |
Kaviran | Multipurpose Military vehicle | + | [45] | |
Sepehr | Utility vehicle | + | [46][47] | |
Aras | Multipurpose Military vehicle | + | [48][49] | |
Ranger | Light Attack Vehicle | + | [50][51] | |
Neynava | Lightweight Truck | + | [52] | |
Mercedes-Benz L-series truck | Truck | + | [53] | |
Mercedes-Benz Actros | Heavy Truck | + | ||
KrAZ Trucks | Heavy Truck | + | [53] |
Artillery[edit]
Mortar[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
37mm Marsh Mortar | 37mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 12 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 13 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 14 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 15 | 81mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 16 | 120mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
Razm Mortar | 120mm Mortar | + | Iran | [45] | |
Vafa Mortar | 160mm Mortar | + | Iran | [48][49] |
Mortars Reference 1:[23] Mortars Reference 2:[19]
Towed artillery[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M101A1 | 105mm howitzer | 130 | United States | ||
2A18M | 122mm howitzer | 550 | Russia/China | ||
Type-54 | 122mm howitzer | 100 | China | ||
M1954/Type 59-1 | 130mm howitzer | 985 | USSR/China | In 2002, Iran had 1,100 M-46 in conditional use. By 2012 this number has dropped to 985. | |
M1955 | 152mm howitzer | 30 | USSR/China | ||
WAC-21 | 155mm howitzer | 15 | China | ||
GHN-45 | 155mm howitzer | 120 | Canada | ||
M-114 | 155mm howitzer | 70 | United States | ||
122mm HM 40 | 122mm howitzer | + | Iran | ||
155mm HM 41 | 155mm howitzer | + | Iran | ||
FH-77B | 155mm howitzer | 18 | |||
G-5 | 155mm howitzer | 50 | South Africa | In 1990, Iran had 50 G-5. Howerver, there is no current information on the condition of these howitzer. | |
M-115 | 203mm howitzer | 20 | United States | ||
Type 63 MRL/Fajr 1 | 107mm MRL | 1300 | 1986 | Iran/China | Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm |
Artillery Reference 1:[34]
Self-propelled artillery[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2S1 Gvozdika | 122mm self-propelled howitzer | 60 | Russia | ||
Raad 1 | 122mm self-propelled howitzer | + | 1996 | Iran | Based on 2S1 Gvozdika |
Raad 2 | 155mm self-propelled howitzer | + | 1997 | Iran | Based on M109 |
M-109 | 155mm self-propelled howitzer | 180 | United States | Remanufactured locally as the Hoveyzeh.[54] | |
M-1978 | 170mm self-propelled howitzer | 20 | North Korea | ||
M-107 | 175mm self-propelled howitzer | 30 | United States | ||
M-110 | 203mm self-propelled howitzer | 30 | United States | ||
Fajr-3 | 240mm MRLS | 19 | 1994 | Iran | |
Fajr-5 | 330mm MRLS | 19 | 1990 | Iran | |
Shahin-1 | MRLS | + | 1990 | Iran | |
Shahin-2 | MRLS | + | 1995 | Iran | |
BM-21 Grad | 122mm MRLS | 100 | 1978 | USSR | |
122mm Hadid/Azrash/Nur | 122mm MRLS | 55 | 1994 | Iran | Domestic BM-21 developments? |
SPA Reference:[32]
Surface-to-surface missiles[edit]
This refers to ballistic missiles and not battlefield systems. Iran's missile forces are under the command of the Revolutionary Guards, under the army's authority.
Additional information is available at Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution who operate Iran's long-range missiles. Iran was reported to have purchased 18 mobile 3,200-4,000 km Musudan missiles (the extended range version of Soviet R-27 Zyb) in 2005.[55]
Anti ship missiles[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kowsar 1/2/3 | Anti-ship missile | + | Iran | Light ASCM based on Chinese C-701 and TL-10 [56] | |
Nasr-1 | Anti ship missile | + | Iran | Light ASCM based on Chinese C-705 and TL-6 [56] | |
Noor | Anti-ship missile | + | Iran | ASCM based on Chinese C-801 and C-802 | |
Ra'ad | Anti-ship missile | + | Iran | Iranian origin Heavy ASCM similar to Chinese C-401[57] | |
Qader | Anti ship missile | + | Iran | [58] | |
Khalij Fars | Anti-ship ballistic missile | + | Iran | Based on Fateh-110[59][60] | |
Zafar | Anti-ship missile | + | Iran | Light ASCM for IRGC navy[61] |
Anti ship missiles Reference 1:[23] Anti ship missiles Reference 2:[27]
Battlefield missile systems[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tondar-69 | Rocket artillery | + | Iran | ||
Oghab | Rocket artillery | + | 1985–present | Iran | |
Naze'at | Rocket artillery | + | Iran | ||
Zelzal | Tactical ballistic missile | + | Iran | [62] | |
Fateh-110 | Tactical ballistic missile | + | 2002–present | Iran | [63] |
Battlefield missile systems Reference 1:[32] Battlefield missile systems Reference 2:[27]
Air defence missile systems[edit]
Aircraft[edit]
The Islamic Republic of Iran Army Aviation (IRIAA) is the air arm of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. It is not known how much of this inventory is actually operational.
Aircraft | Type | Versions | In service | Manufacturer | Photo | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F-14 | Interceptor and Air superiority fighter | AM | 44 | built by Northrop Grumman | ||
Mig-29 | Multi role and trainer aircraft | A/B | 28 | built by Mikoyan | ||
Mirage | Multi role and trainer aircraft | EQ/BQ | 23 | built by Dassault Aviation | ||
J-7 | Multi role aircraft | M | 24 | built by Guizhou Aircraft Industry Corporation, Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group, Shenyang Aircraft Corporation | ||
Saeqeh | Multi role aircraft | 1-2 | 30 | built by HESA | ||
F-4 | Multi role aircraft | RF, D/E | 64 | built by McDonnell Douglas | ||
F-5 | Multi role and trainer aircraft | E/F | 60 | built by Northrop Grumman | ||
Azarakhsh | Attack aircraft | 1-2 | 41 | built by HESA | ||
Su-24 | Deep strike and interdictor aircraft | MK | 30 | Upgraded by Night vision systems | built by Sukhoi | |
Su-25 | Close-support attack and trainer aircraft | MK/UBK | 6 | built by Sukhoi | ||
Shafaq | Attack aircraft | M-ATF | 25+ | built by HESA | ||
F 313 | Claimed as 5th Gen.Aircraft | Unknown | Unknown | Future Aircraft | built by Aviation Industries Organization | |
Bell 206 JetRanger | utility helicopter | AB 206A
Shabaviz 2061 |
10+ | built by Agusta and Panha | ![]() |
|
Bell 205 | utility helicopter | AB 205A
Shabaviz 2-75 |
68 | built by Agusta and Panha | ||
Bell 214 | medium-lift transport helicopter | 214A / 214C | 50[64] | |||
Mi-17/Mi-171sh | medium-lift transport helicopter | Mi-17
Mi-171sh |
30 | |||
Bell AH-1J Sea Cobra | attack helicopter | AH-1J
Panha 2091 |
50[65]) | |||
Toofan | attack helicopter | Toofan 1 / Toofan 2 | 11[66] | |||
Boeing CH-47 Chinook | Heavy-lift transport helicopter | CH-47C | 20 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm | built by Agusta | |
Dassault Falcon 20 | VIP transport | Falcon 20E | 1 | |||
Aero Commander | utility transport | 690 | 4 | |||
Lockheed P-3 Orion | Patrol | F | 5 | USA | ||
IrAn-140 | Move / AWACS / Offshore Patrol | F | 5+ | Iran/Ukraine | ||
Fokker F27 Friendship | tactical transport | F27-400M
F27-600 |
2 | |||
Cessna 185 | transport | Cessna 185F | 10 | http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm |
Unmanned aerial vehicles[edit]
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sofreh Mahi | Stealth UCAV | - | Iran | Under development | |
Karrar (UCAV) | UCAV | + | 2010 | Iran | [67][68] |
Ababil | UAV | + | 1986 | Iran | A wide number built in several different Variants including the tactical Ababil-5 for medium-range reconnaissance and surveillance, the Ababil-T for short/medium-range attack, and also the Ababil-B and -S [69] |
Mohajer I/II/III/IV | UAV | 300+ | 1980's | Iran | [23][70] |
Raad 85 | UAV | + | Iran | Suicide drone[70] | |
Ra'ad | UAV | + | Iran | With offensive capabilities[71][72] | |
Nazir | UAV | + | Iran | [71][72] | |
Hod Hod | UAV | + | Iran | [73] | |
Saeghe | Target Drone | + | Iran | [74] | |
MQM-107 | Target Drone | + | United States | [68] | |
Yasir | UAV | + | 2013 | Iran | In November 2013 a Yasir UAV was shown flying over Damascus, Syria in support of Syrian Arab Army forces fighting against rebels.[44] [70][75] |
Shahed 129 | UCAV | + | Iran | On April 10, 2014, rebels in Syria recorded a UAV resembling a Shahed 129 flying over Eastern Ghouta, Damascus http://theaviationist.com/2014/04/10/shahed-drone-over-syria/ | |
Hamaseh | UCAV | + | Iran | A medium range drone, capable of carrying air to ground missiles. | |
H-110 Sarir | UCAV | 10+ | Iran | capable of carrying air-to-air missiles. http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/775908.shtml | |
Fotros | UCAV | + | Iran | UCAV with range of 2000 km,flight ceiling of 25000 ft and 16–30 hours flight endurance, armed with missiles. http://theaviationist.com/2013/11/18/fotros-unveiled/#.Uoou-uI-Z2w |
Other equipment[edit]
- Gas masks
- Bullet Proof Vests (most units use light vests, heavy vests are used by commando units)
- M1 helmets (usually with camouflage)
- Kevlar helmets (replacing M1 helmets)
See also[edit]
- List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
- Iranian military industry
- List of countries by level of military equipment
- List of Iranian Air Force aircraft
References[edit]
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