- published: 21 Feb 2016
- views: 35339
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile), is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones, first deployed in Finland in July 1991.As of 2014 it has become the default global standard for mobile communications - with over 90% market share, operating in over 219 countries and territories.
2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks, and the GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then by packet data transport via GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS).
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards followed by fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
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GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications. Just like computers, mobile phones have evolved over time. There were first generation mobile phones in the 70's, there are 2nd generation mobile phones in the 80's and 90's, and now there are 3rd gen phones which are about to enter the Indian market. GSM is called a 2nd generation, or 2G communications technology. GSM Network Architecture - the GSM network architecture consists of different elements that all interact together to form the overall GSM system. These include elements like the base-station, controller, MSC, AuC, HLR, VLR, etc. GSM TUTORIAL INCLUDES GSM tutorial / introductionHistoryNetwork architectureInterfacesRadio access networkFramesFrequency bands and allocationsPower class, control & amplifiersPhysical & logical ...
This is a brief description on Basic GSM network and architecture. Check the below link for brief description http://www.rkichu.com/what-is-gsm-gsm-tutorial/
Lecture Series on Wireless Communications by Dr.Ranjan Bose, Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi. For more details on NPTEL visit http://nptel.iitm.ac.in
Two basic technologies in mobile phones, CDMA and GSM represent a gap you can't cross. They're the reason you can't use AT&T; phones on Verizon's network and vice versa. But what does CDMA vs. GSM really mean for you? For more info, check out our full guide on PCMag: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2407896,00.asp
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I fear
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You survived a hellish dream
Now the light can mend the seams
But your will wraps tight around
Watch the sky come crashing down
I arrived on foreign land
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A love that's so defined
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Won't face I need you so much
Embrace
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I fear
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A love that's so defined
You'll never wake the newness that can be
A happiness so kind
Mistaken for seductive falsity
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An unexpected flexibility
You survived a hellish dream
Now the light can mend the seams
But your will wraps tight around