Media of France

Christopher Hitchens on Journalism & International Media Covering Politics - Speaks French (1993)

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Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply investigate a single topic of interest, often involving crime, political corruption, or corporate wrongdoing. Hitchens' books: https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag;=tra0c7-20&linkCode;=ur2&linkId;=89f81e00f811498f311b980fd07f2bf2&camp;=1789&creative;=9325&index;=books&keywords;=hitchens An investigative journalist may spend months or years researching and preparing a report. Investigative journalism is a primary source of information. Most investigative journalism is conducted by newspapers, wire services, and freelance journalists. Practitioners sometimes use the terms "watchdog journalism" or "accountability reporting." An investigative reporter may make use of one or more of these tools, among others, on a single story: Analysis of documents, such as lawsuits and other legal documents, tax records, government reports, regulatory reports, and corporate financial filings Databases of public records Investigation of technical issues, including scrutiny of government and business practices and their effects Research into social and legal issues Subscription research sources such as LexisNexis Numerous interviews with on-the-record sources as well as, in some instances, interviews with anonymous sources (for example whistleblowers) Federal or state Freedom of Information Acts to obtain documents and data from government agencies Julius Chambers of the New York Tribune had himself committed to the Bloomingdale Asylum in 1872, and his account led to the release of twelve patients who were not mentally ill, a reorganization of the staff and administration, and, eventually, to a change in the lunacy laws;[3] this later led to the publication of the book A Mad World and Its People (1876) William Thomas Stead's series of articles in 1885, The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon regarding child prostitution in Victorian London, resulted in the Eliza Armstrong case Nellie Bly's investigative reports on Women's Lunatic Asylum appeared in the newspaper New York World in 1887, and later as a book Ten Days in a Mad-House How the Other Half Lives by Jacob Riis (1890), which revealed the squalor of immigrant slums in New York City of the 1890s The Jungle by Upton Sinclair (1906), which exposed shocking disregard for hygienic practices in the meat-packing industry of the early 1900s The People of the Abyss by Jack London, on poverty in the East End of London in the early 1900s Ida M. Tarbell's history of John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company for McClure's Magazine (1903) Lincoln Steffens's "Shame of the Cities" series on municipal corruption for McClure's Magazine (1903) was then published as a book Herbert Bayard Swope's role as editor in the investigation into the operations of the Ku Klux Klan won a Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in 1922 Edward R. Murrow and Fred W. Friendly 1954 investigation for CBS's See It Now of Senator Joseph McCarthy's conduct in the anti-communism hearings and their 1960 CBS Reports television documentary, along with David Lowe, Harvest of Shame on the condition of migrant workers in agriculture Seymour Hersh's stories on the My Lai massacre were distributed by the Dispatch News Service during the Vietnam War and won the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 1970; in 2004, Hersh reported for The New Yorker on torture inside the Abu Ghraib prison by members of a military police unit of the U.S. Army Reserve during the Iraq War Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein's reporting on the Watergate break-in and other Nixon administration-related crimes for The Washington Post won a Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in 1973 Mark Dowie and Carolyn Marshall's 1977 Mother Jones investigation of fatal dangers in the Ford Pinto automobile http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigative_journalism