- published: 06 Jul 2015
- views: 524939
1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (dominical letter D) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter E) of the Julian calendar, the 1914th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 914th year of the 2nd millennium, the 14th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1910s decade. Note that the Julian day for 1914 is 13 calendar days difference, which continued to be used from 1582 until the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was entirely done in 1929. This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I and also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft with the St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line.
The Christmas truce (German: Weihnachtsfrieden; French: Trêve de Noël) was a series of widespread but unofficial ceasefires along the Western Front around Christmas 1914. In the week leading up to the holiday, German and British soldiers crossed trenches to exchange seasonal greetings and talk. In areas, men from both sides ventured into no man's land on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day to mingle and exchange food and souvenirs. There were joint burial ceremonies and prisoner swaps, while several meetings ended in carol-singing. Men played games of football with one another, giving one of the most enduring images of the truce. However, the peaceful behaviour was not ubiquitous; fighting continued in some sectors, while in others the sides settled on little more than arrangements to recover bodies.
The following year, a few units arranged ceasefires, but the truces were not nearly as widespread as in 1914; this was, in part, due to strongly worded orders from the high commands of both sides prohibiting fraternisation. Soldiers were no longer amenable to truce by 1916. The war had become increasingly bitter after devastating human losses suffered during the battles of the Somme and Verdun, and the incorporation of poison gas.
Franz Ferdinand (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. This caused the Central Powers (including Germany and Austria-Hungary) and Serbia's allies to declare war on each other, starting World War I.
Franz Ferdinand was born in Graz, Austria, the eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria (younger brother of Franz Joseph and Maximilian) and of his second wife, Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. In 1875, when he was only eleven years old, his cousin Duke Francis V of Modena died, naming Franz Ferdinand his heir on condition that he add the name Este to his own. Franz Ferdinand thus became one of the wealthiest men in Austria.
In 1889, Franz Ferdinand's life changed dramatically. His cousin Crown Prince Rudolf committed suicide at his hunting lodge in Mayerling. This left Franz Ferdinand's father, Karl Ludwig, as first in line to the throne. Karl Ludwig died of typhoid fever in 1896. Henceforth, Franz Ferdinand was groomed to succeed to the throne.
World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over 9 million combatants and 7 million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by trench warfare, a grueling form of warfare in which the defender held the advantage. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.
The war drew in all the world's economic great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom/British Empire, France and the Russian Empire) versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Although Italy was a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive, against the terms of the alliance. These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, while the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers.
Christmas or Christmas Day (Old English: Crīstesmæsse, meaning "Christ's Mass") is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an Octave. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated culturally by a large number of non-Christian people, and is an integral part of the holiday season, while some Christian groups reject the celebration. In several countries, celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25, with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family.
Everything you need to know about the first year of World War One in a 12 minute video. 'World War One - 1914' is the first of a five-part series covering the Great War. This episode covers the rival alliances that dominated Europe in the build-up to war, the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente, and the fatal gunshots by Gavrilo Princip at Sarajevo that resulted in the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Imperial rivalries, the system of alliances and deep-seated animosities helped propel Europe into a general war. However Woodrow Wilson, the US President, ensured America stood apart from Europe's conflict. In August 1914, Germany invaded France and Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan. The tiny British Expeditionary Force could onl...
In this special video I explain why 607 BCE and 1914 are such important dates to Jehovah's Witnesses, what the relationship is between the two, and how Watchtower's chronology arises from a stubborn refusal to yield to the overwhelming historical and archaeological consensus. For more information on Watchtower's 607 BCE chronology, click here... http://www.jwfacts.com/watchtower/607-587.php To read the essays of Carl Olof Jonsson in response to Watchtower's 2011 magazine articles, click here... http://www.jwfacts.com/pdf/carl-olof-jonsson-when-jerusalem-destroyed.pdf http://www.jwfacts.com/pdf/carl-olof-jonsson-when-jerusalem-destroyed-part-2.pdf
A BBC series from 1996 in 7 parts. Narrated by Dame Judi Dench. Uploaded from an old VHS recording. I do not claim any copyrights for any of this material.
Sommer 1914 - Die fünf Wochen vor Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs Am 28. Juni 1914 wird in Sarajewo der österreichische Thronfolger Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand ermordet. Als Folge beginnt fünf Wochen später der Erste Weltkrieg. Das Dokumentarspiel schildert die dramatischen fünf Wochen vor Kriegsbeginn. Im Fokus stehen dabei die komplexen Motivationen und Entscheidungsfindungen der Staatslenker und Diplomaten Europas. Basierend auf Originaldokumenten führt der Film durch die Arbeits- und Konferenzzimmer der verschiedenen Machtzentren des Kontinents sowie durch die Clubs und Cafés der Hauptstädte, in denen die Gespräche zwischen den beteiligten Diplomaten stattfanden. Die Julikrise Am 28. Juni 1914 wird in Sarajewo der österreichische Thronfolger Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand ermordet. Nur noch...
Peace at the war front on Christmas day during World War I. A century ago. A real story. An inspiration. Christmas is for sharing. Presenting the new Sainsbury’s Christmas advert. Made in partnership with The Royal British Legion. Inspired by real events from 100 years ago. This year’s Christmas ad from Sainsbury’s – Christmas is for sharing. Made in partnership with The Royal British Legion, it commemorates the extraordinary events of Christmas Day, 1914, when the guns fell silent and two armies met in no-man’s land, sharing gifts – and even playing football together. The chocolate bar featured in the ad is on sale now at Sainsbury’s. All profits will go to The Royal British Legion and will benefit the armed forces and their families, past and present. To watch a short film of the sto...
His Trysting Place is a short 1914 film written and directed by Charles Chaplin and starring Chaplin and Mabel Normand. Charlie and his friend Ambrose meet in a restaurant and accidentally leave with each other's coats. Charlie was going to pick up a baby bottle and Ambrose was going to mail a love letter that was in his coat pocket. Charlie's wife finds the letter and thinks he has a secret lover and Ambrose's wife believes he has an illegitimate child. Controversy arises in the park between Charlie and his wife and Ambrose and his wife. It is resolved at the end, but Charlie sparks another fight between the other couple by showing his friend's wife the love letter that was in his pocket. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/His_Trysting_Place Music tracks "Breaktime - Silent Film Light" and "H...
This lecture explores new ways of understanding the crisis that brought war to Europe in the summer of 1914; reflects on some of the problems of interpretation that have dogged the debate over the war's origins; and considers the contemporary resonance of a catastrophe that is now nearly a century old. The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/sleepwalkers-how-europe-went-to-war-in-1914 Gresham College has been giving free public lectures since 1597. This tradition continues today with all of our five or so public lectures a week being made available for free download from our website. There are currently over 1,500 lectures free to access or download from the website. Website: g...
Der Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges 1914 Die Dokumentation zeigt den Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen 1914 - 1918 und 1939 - 1945. Vier Wochen nach der Ermordung des Thronfolgers Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand in Sarajewo am 28. Juni 1914 erklärte Österreich-Ungarn Serbien den Krieg. Die Doku zeigt, wie sich dieses Geschichtsereignis bald auf ganz Europa auswirkte und die Menschen über das Kriegsende hinaus prägte. Unter den Soldaten an der Westfront waren damals auch Adolf Hitler und der britische Leutnant Bernard Montgomery. 30 Jahre später sollten sie sich erneut gegenüberstehen. In nachkolorierten Bildern werden die unbeschwerlichen Wochen des Sommers 1914 vor dem Kriegsausbruch bis zum winterlichen Jahreswechsel 1914/15 veranschaulicht. Dazwischen der deutsche Angriff über...
Part two of a 15-part series of documentaries produced by the American Broadcasting Company on the 20th century and the rise of the United States as a superpower. From the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in Sarejevo in June of 1914 to Armistice Day in November of 1918, the world was embroiled in the First World War. World War I not only shaped much of the events of the twentieth century but also was truly unique since it was the first "mechanized" war. This episode documents the development of the war and American foreign policy regarding both war and peace. Help us caption & translate this video! http://amara.org/v/GTiD/
Wait, wait, listen to that sound, the cannonballs have all fallen down. The
snow, it falls through the night, and blankets the frozen ground.
And just for one moment, just for one night, you can rest, you can rest and
not fear the sky.
Pre- Chorus:
Picture after picture of pain and of strife. I've seen my friends go before my
own eyes. You, your eyes are blue, and you, you've lost friends too. You your caught in the crossfire of Europe's war.
Chorus:
One day, one day only... the fighting stops, defenses drop, brothers talk.
Verse 2:
Hold on, stop and pray, there's no movement inside the trench. The enemy doesn't look so mean when Christmas fires are lit. Just for one moment, just for one night, we can be, we can be, side by side.
Instrumental break:
Pre-chorus 2:
Day after day of fighting and dying. My eyes are tired of seeing, of crying.
Tonight, the air is cold, but tonight our hearts are warm. Tonight, we're caught in the crossfire of Europe's war.
Chorus 2:
Bridge:
Let the bombings come, we can take it all, hell or high water, even if the sky
falls. But, I know we're sunk with all we can take, when I look around and I
see this heartbreak. Cuz' we weren't meant to inflict such wounds, doesn't
matter who we are or what we have to prove. Strike me, I bleed, but won't
strike back. Lie to me, Jesus has died for that. There is nothing you can do to counter love.
Chorus 3