GABRA2

GABRA2
Identifiers
Aliases	GABRA2
External IDs	MGI: 95614 HomoloGene: 20217 GeneCards: GABRA2
Targeted by Drug
gaboxadol, isonipecotic acid, isoguvacine, muscimol, ZK93423, flumazenil, ZK93426, bretazenil, L-822179, methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate, ro-15-4513, RO4938581, L-838417, ocinaplon, alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, triazolam, zolpidem, bicuculline, picrotoxin, CGS8216
Gene ontology Molecular function • GABA-A receptor activity • ion channel activity • benzodiazepine receptor activity • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity • chloride channel activity • GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • chloride channel complex • membrane • axon • synapse • plasma membrane • cell junction • integral component of synaptic vesicle membrane • postsynaptic membrane • neuronal cell body • postsynapse • inhibitory synapse • GABA-A receptor complex • dendrite Biological process • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway • chloride transport • ion transmembrane transport • regulation of neurotransmitter levels • neurotransmitter transport • transport • ion transport • chloride transmembrane transport • signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2555	14395
Ensembl	ENSG00000151834	ENSMUSG00000000560
UniProt	P47869	P26048
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000807 NM_001114175 NM_001286827	NM_008066
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000798.2 NP_001107647.1 NP_001273756.1	NP_032092.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 46.25 – 46.48 Mb	Chr 5: 70.96 – 71.1 Mb
PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human		View/Edit Mouse

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABRA2 gene.

GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain where it acts at GABA-A receptors, which are ligand-gated chloride channels. Chloride conductance of these channels can be modulated by agents such as benzodiazepines that bind to the GABA-A receptor. At least 16 distinct subunits of GABA-A receptors have been identified.

See also

• GABA_A receptor

Further reading

• Engin E, Liu J, Rudolph U (2012). "α2-containing GABA(A) receptors: A target for the development of novel treatment strategies for CNS disorders". Pharmacol Ther. 136 (2): 142–52. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.08.006. PMID 22921455. 
• Matthews AG, Hoffman EK, Zezza N, et al. (2007). "The role of the GABRA2 polymorphism in multiplex alcohol dependence families with minimal comorbidity: within-family association and linkage analyses.". Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. 68 (5): 625–33. PMC 3285563. PMID 17690794. 
• Drgon T, D'Addario C, Uhl GR (2007). "Linkage disequilibrium, haplotype and association studies of a chromosome 4 GABA receptor gene cluster: candidate gene variants for addictions.". Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 141 (8): 854–60. doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30349. PMID 16894595. 
• Agrawal A, Edenberg HJ, Foroud T, et al. (2007). "Association of GABRA2 with drug dependence in the collaborative study of the genetics of alcoholism sample.". Behav. Genet. 36 (5): 640–50. doi:10.1007/s10519-006-9069-4. PMID 16622805. 
• Dick DM, Bierut L, Hinrichs A, et al. (2006). "The role of GABRA2 in risk for conduct disorder and alcohol and drug dependence across developmental stages.". Behav. Genet. 36 (4): 577–90. doi:10.1007/s10519-005-9041-8. PMID 16557364. 
• Tian H, Chen HJ, Cross TH, Edenberg HJ (2005). "Alternative splicing and promoter use in the human GABRA2 gene.". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 137 (1–2): 174–83. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.03.001. PMID 15950776. 
• Chou KC (2004). "Modelling extracellular domains of GABA-A receptors: subtypes 1, 2, 3, and 5". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 316 (3): 636–42. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.098. PMID 15033447. 
• Edenberg HJ, Dick DM, Xuei X, et al. (2004). "Variations in GABRA2, encoding the alpha 2 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor, are associated with alcohol dependence and with brain oscillations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 74 (4): 705–14. doi:10.1086/383283. PMC 1181946. PMID 15024690. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. 
• Bonnert TP, McKernan RM, Farrar S, et al. (1999). "theta, a novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (17): 9891–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9891. PMC 22306. PMID 10449790. 
• Russek SJ (1999). "Evolution of GABA(A) receptor diversity in the human genome". Gene. 227 (2): 213–22. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00594-0. PMID 10023064. 
• Hadingham KL, Wingrove P, Le Bourdelles B, et al. (1993). "Cloning of cDNA sequences encoding human alpha 2 and alpha 3 gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits and characterization of the benzodiazepine pharmacology of recombinant alpha 1-, alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 5-containing human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors". Mol. Pharmacol. 43 (6): 970–5. PMID 8391122. 
• Tögel M, Mossier B, Fuchs K, Sieghart W (1994). "gamma-Aminobutyric acidA receptors displaying association of gamma 3-subunits with beta 2/3 and different alpha-subunits exhibit unique pharmacological properties". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (17): 12993–8. PMID 8175718. 

External links

• GABRA2 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.