Zanjan, Iran
| Zanjan زنجان زنگان |
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 Zanjan
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| Coordinates: 36°40′N 48°29′E / 36.667°N 48.483°ECoordinates: 36°40′N 48°29′E / 36.667°N 48.483°E | ||
| Country |  Iran |
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| Region | 3 | |
| Province | Zanjan | |
| County | Zanjan | |
| Bakhsh | Central | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Habibullah Yeganeh | |
| • Parliament | Waqfchi & Ahmadi | |
| Elevation | 1,638 m (5,374 ft) | |
| Population (2012[1]) | ||
| • Total | 388,796 & 486,495 | |
| • Rank | 20th in Iran | |
| City & County | ||
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) | |
| • Summer (DST) | IRST (UTC+4:30) | |
| Website | www.Zanjan.ir | |
Zanjan (
pronunciation (help·info) [2] Persian: زنجان, Azerbaijani: زنگان[citation needed]) is the capital of Zanjan Province in Iranian Azerbaijan. It lies 298 km (185 mi) north-west of Tehran on the main highway to Tabriz and Turkey and approximately 125 km (78 mi) from the Caspian Sea. The city is located about 20 kilometers south of the Qaflankuh Mountain Range. At the 2011 census, its population was 386,851, which is the 20th largest city in Iran. The population of Zanjan consists mostly of Iranian Azerbaijanis who speak the Azerbaijani language.[3]
Zanjan is known for its beautiful handcrafts such as knives, traditional sandals, called charoogh, and malileh, a handcraft made with silver wires. Zanjani artists make many things like various decorative dishes and their special covers as well as silver jewelry. In ancient times, Zanjan was known for its stainless and sharp knives. But this tradition is gradually becoming extinct by introduction of Chinese-made knives into the market which are far cheaper, more abundant and of course less artistic[citation needed]. Many villagers today are traditional carpet weavers, perhaps Zanjan's most popular handcraft. Zanjan's population boasts the highest level of happiness among the people of 30 other provinces in Iran, according to a detailed survey conducted by Isna.[4]
Contents
History[edit]
Hamdollah Mostowfi, the Iranian traveler and historian, in his book claims that Zanjan was built by Ardashir I, the first king of the Sassanid Empire and named as "Shahin".[5] One important moment in the history of the city was in 1851 when the city became a center for the Babi uprisings, along with Neyriz and a fortress known as Shaykh Tabarsi. The forces of the central government captured the Babi fort in Zanjan after a long siege on the orders of Grand Vizier (Prime Minister of Iran) Amir Kabir and killed or expelled the Bab's followers.[6] According to Bosworth, who quotes Hamdollah Mostowfi, the inhabitants during the Ilkhanid era spoke "pure Pahlawi", a Median or northern form of Persian.[7]
Climate[edit]
Zanjan has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with hot, dry summers and cold, moist winters, often with snowfall. Precipitation is very low, and mostly falls between October and May.
| Climate data for Zanjan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
25.0 (77) |
27.0 (80.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.0 (104) |
39.4 (102.9) |
35.0 (95) |
30.0 (86) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
40 (104) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
22.8 (73) |
28.8 (83.8) |
32.2 (90) |
31.6 (88.9) |
28.1 (82.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3 (27) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.4 (61.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.4 (75.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
0.4 (32.7) |
11.73 (53.12) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −8.1 (17.4) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
3.7 (38.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
4.0 (39.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 33.5 (1.319) |
30.0 (1.181) |
45.7 (1.799) |
56.5 (2.224) |
46.2 (1.819) |
7.3 (0.287) |
4.6 (0.181) |
3.4 (0.134) |
4.2 (0.165) |
26.0 (1.024) |
28.8 (1.134) |
29.2 (1.15) |
315.4 (12.417) |
| Average precipitation days | 10.7 | 9.4 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 9.6 | 88.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 72 | 69 | 61 | 54 | 49 | 40 | 38 | 39 | 38 | 49 | 59 | 68 | 53 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 150.1 | 139.3 | 172.5 | 213.3 | 267.2 | 328.9 | 334.5 | 317.3 | 295.8 | 229.3 | 164.7 | 137.0 | 2,749.9 |
| Source: NOAA (1961–1990) [8] | |||||||||||||
Colleges and universities[edit]
Zanjan is also home to several universities such as:
- University of Zanjan
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences
- Islamic Azad University of Zanjan
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
Sports[edit]
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Zanjan is known for having one of the best indoor sport climbing walls in the middle east. It is located in Enghelab sports complex. The facility also includes standard speed climbing walls. The city's football team is Shahrdari Zanjan who play in the 2nd Division.
Famous natives[edit]
For a complete list see: Category:People from Zanjan, Iran
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Mousa Shubairi Zanjani, is an Iranian Twelver Shia marja.
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Mirza Abutaleb Zanjani, was an Iranian jurist and Shia scholar.
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Mohammad Ezodin Hosseini Zanjani, was an Iranian Twelver Shia marja.
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Abbas-Ali Amid Zanjani, was an Iranian politician and cleric.
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Yousef Sobouti, is a contemporary Iranian theoretical physicist.
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Mehdi Sohrabi, is an Iranian professional racing cyclist.
Photo gallery[edit]
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Archaeology museum of Zanjan
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Bazaar of Zanjan
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Rakhtshur khaneh, (traditional laundry house of Qajar era, Zanjan's Museum of Anthropology)
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Soltaniyeh's tiles (interior designs)
Sister cities[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Population according to statistical center of Iran Archived July 3, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. in Persian
- ^ Zanjan, Iran can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3088976" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ "Iran". google.com.
- ^ "ایسنا - شادترين استانهاي ايران كدامند؟". isna.ir.
- ^ "همشهريان اردشير بابكان هنوز هم چاروق مي پوشند". rugart.org. 2008-07-30. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ Abdu'l-Bahá, Edward Granville. "A Traveller's Narrative Written to Illustrate the Episode of the Báb", Published by Kalimat Press, 2004, ISBN 1-890688-37-1, ISBN 978-1-890688-37-0
- ^ Bosworth, C.E.,"Zanjan", Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Ed., vol. 11:447. "... and also stated that the inhabitants spoke "pure Pahlawi", i.e. a Median or northern form of Persian"
- ^ "Zanjan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
- ^ a b "Zanjan sister Malacca, Malaysia". Zanjan Shora. 2013-09-29. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
External links[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zanjan. |
- Official website of Zanjan Governorship
- Official website of Zanjan chamber of commerce
- Sultaniyeh Dome Official website
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Capital: Zanjan
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