Macroscopic quantum phenomena

Macroscopic quantum phenomena refer to processes showing quantum behavior at the macroscopic scale, rather than at the atomic scale where quantum effects are prevalent. The best-known examples of macroscopic quantum phenomena are superfluidity and superconductivity; other examples include the quantum Hall effect and concerted proton tunneling in ice. Since 2000 there has been extensive experimental work on quantum gases, particularly Bose–Einstein Condensates.

Between 1996 to 2003 four Nobel prizes were given for work related to macroscopic quantum phenomena. Macroscopic quantum phenomena can be observed in superfluid helium and in superconductors, but also in dilute quantum gases and in laser light. Although these media are very different, their behavior is very similar as they all show macroscopic quantum behavior.

Quantum phenomena are generally classified as macroscopic when the quantum states are occupied by a large number of particles (typically Avogadro's number) or the quantum states involved are macroscopic in size (up to km size in superconducting wires).

Kvant (magazine)

Kvant (Russian: Квант for "quantum") is a popular science magazine in physics and mathematics for school students and teachers, issued since 1970 in Soviet Union and continued in Russia. Translation of selected articles from Kvant had been published in Quantum Magazine in 1990–2001, which in turn had been translated and published in Greece in 1993–2001.

History

Kvant was started as a joint project of the USSR Academy of Sciences and USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences. In Soviet time, it was published by Nauka publisher with circulation about 200,000.

The idea of the magazine was introduced by Pyotr Kapitsa. Its first chief editors were physicist Isaak Kikoin and mathematician Andrei Kolmogorov. In 1985, its editorial board had 18 Academicians and Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences and USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, 14 Doctors of Sciences and 20 Candidates of Science.

Availability

All published issues of Kvant are freely available online.

Translations

Quantum (statistical programming language)

Quantum is a software package and programming language for statistical survey data validation and manipulation and tabulation. Originally developed by Quantime to run on Unix systems, it was incorporated into SPSS Inc.'s SPSS MR product line after its acquisition of Quantime on September 1997.

External links

References

Quantum (TV series)

Quantum is an Australian television show about science and technology that aired on ABC television for 16 years. It aired its last episode on 26 April 2001, and has been replaced by Catalyst.

External links

Phenomena (Amiga demogroup)

Phenomena (PHA) was a Demogroup making Amiga demos that was productive during the formative years of the Amiga Demoscene founded in 1987.

Origins

Phenomena was founded by members of Triangle which was a 3 group co-operation between Crack Force Five, Jetspeed, and The Gang. Specifically, the founding members were Avalon and Silmarillion in early 1987, and members from these three groups joined during late 1987 and 1988.

A pure demogroup from the start (as distinct from groups that started out cracking Amiga games), in April 1988 Phenomena released their first demo, The Star Flight, one of the early demos featuring Soundtracker music and the to-be staple effect of demos, the horizontal starfield effect.

The productive years

In 1989, the member count of Phenomena exploded to where it might grow hard to organize. Among the new members were Megaman, Terminator, and Firefox, who would later work in the Amiga games industry as developer graphics artist, and musician for major Amiga game developers. But once organized, this also resulted in a high production output with releases climbing the charts such as Phenomena Megademo, which won the Equinox and Horizon Party and was featured on season 1, episode 4 of the Swedish TV program, Bit för Bit.

Pink Floyd bootleg recordings

Pink Floyd bootleg recordings are the collections of audio and video recordings of musical performances by the British rock band Pink Floyd, which were never officially released by the band. The recordings consist of both live performances and outtakes from studio sessions unavailable in official releases. In some cases, certain bootleg recordings may be highly prized among collectors, as at least 40 songs composed by Pink Floyd have never been officially released.

During the 1970s, bands such as Pink Floyd created a lucrative market for the mass production of unofficial recordings with large followings of fans willing to purchase them. In addition, the huge crowds that turned up to these concerts made the effective policing of the audience for the presence of recording equipment virtually impossible. Vast numbers of recordings were issued for profit by bootleg labels.

Some Pink Floyd bootlegs exist in several variations with differing sound quality and length because sometimes listeners have recorded different versions of the same performance at the same time. Pink Floyd was a group that protected its sonic performance, making recording with amateur recording devices difficult. In their career, Pink Floyd played over 1,300 concerts, of which more than 350 were released as bootlegged recordings (sometimes in various versions). Few concerts have ever been broadcast (or repeated once they were broadcast on television), especially during 'the golden age' of the group from 1966 to 1981.

Phenomena (disambiguation)

Phenomena (sing. phenomenon) are observable events, particularly when they are special.

Phenomena or phenomenon may also refer to:

Science

Philosophy

Film

Television

Music