Loving v. Virginia

Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967), is a landmark civil rights decision of the United States Supreme Court, which invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage.

The case was brought by Mildred Loving, a black woman, and Richard Loving, a white man, who had been sentenced to a year in prison in Virginia for marrying each other. Their marriage violated the state's anti-miscegenation statute, the Racial Integrity Act of 1924, which prohibited marriage between people classified as "white" and people classified as "colored". The Supreme Court's unanimous decision determined that this prohibition was unconstitutional, reversing Pace v. Alabama (1883) and ending all race-based legal restrictions on marriage in the United States.

The decision was followed by an increase in interracial marriages in the U.S., and is remembered annually on Loving Day, June 12. It has been the subject of two movies, as well as several songs. Beginning in 2013, it was cited as precedent in U.S. federal court decisions holding restrictions on same-sex marriage in the United States unconstitutional, including in the 2015 Supreme Court decision Obergefell v. Hodges.

Joel Edgerton

Joel Edgerton (born 23 June 1974) is an Australian actor and filmmaker. He is best known for his roles in films such as Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002), Warrior (2011), The Thing (2011), Zero Dark Thirty (2012), and The Great Gatsby (2013). He starred as Ramesses II, the main antagonist, in the 2014 biblical epic Exodus: Gods and Kings and co-starred alongside Johnny Depp as corrupt FBI Agent John Connolly in the 2015 drama Black Mass.

2015 further saw the release of Edgerton's directorial debut The Gift, a psychological thriller which he also wrote, co-produced and co-starred in; it was met with acclaim by critics and audiences alike and earned him a Directors Guild of America nomination for best first feature film.

Early life

Edgerton was born in Blacktown, New South Wales, the son of Michael, a solicitor and property developer, and Marianne Edgerton. He graduated from The Hills Grammar School in 1991. He attended the Nepean Drama School at the University of Western Sydney, before moving on to various stage productions, most notably at Sydney Theatre Company.

Ruth Negga

Ruth Negga (born 1982) is an Ethiopian-Irish actress known for her appearances in films such as Capital Letters (2004) (also released as Trafficked in some countries), Isolation (2005) and Breakfast on Pluto (2005), in the BBC mini-series Criminal Justice, RTÉ's Love/Hate, E4's Misfits, and ABC's Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

Early life and education

Negga was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 1982 to an Irish mother and an Ethiopian father, and lived in the country until she was four. She is an only child, but has a large family on her mother's side. Her father died in a car accident when she was seven. Raised in Limerick, she has lived in London since 2006.

Negga trained at the Samuel Beckett Centre at Trinity College, Dublin, graduating with a BA in Acting Studies.

Career

Negga made her screen debut in the Irish film Capital Letters (2004), playing the lead role of Taiwo. She went on to play the lead role of Mary in Isolation (2005). Prior to this she had been working mostly in theatre.

Loving

Loving may refer to:

Film and television

Other media

Places in the United States

See also

Supreme court

A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, apex court, and highest court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of a supreme court are not subject to further review by any other court. Supreme courts typically function primarily as appellate courts, hearing appeals from decisions of lower trial courts, or from intermediate-level appellate courts.

However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.