Radio

Radio is the use of radio waves is to carry information, such as sound, by systematically modulating some property of electromagnetic energy waves transmitted through space, such as their amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width. When radio waves strike an electrical conductor, the oscillating fields induce an alternating current in the conductor. The information in the waves can be extracted and transformed back into its original form.

Radio systems need a transmitter to modulate (change) some property of the energy produced to impress a signal on it, for example using amplitude modulation or angle modulation (which can be frequency modulation or phase modulation). Radio systems also need an antenna to convert electric currents into radio waves, and vice versa. An antenna can be used for both transmitting and receiving. The electrical resonance of tuned circuits in radios allow individual stations to be selected. The electromagnetic wave is intercepted by a tuned receiving antenna. A radio receiver receives its input from an antenna and converts it into a form usable for the consumer, such as sound, pictures, digital data, measurement values, navigational positions, etc. Radio frequencies occupy the range from a 3 kHz to 300 GHz, although commercially important uses of radio use only a small part of this spectrum.

Track

Track or Tracks may refer to:

Electronics and computing

Entertainment

Jazz Radio

Jazz Radio (formerly Fréquence Jazz) is a French radio station dedicated to jazz and soul, and created in 1996.

Jazz Radio is based in Lyon, France and it is broadcasting nationally with around 45 frequencies throughout France including Monaco.

History

In January 1996 Fréquence Jazz was created by Christophe Mahé (should not be confused with the French singer Christophe Maé) in Lyon on 97.3 MHz, and became the first French jazz station broadcasting around the clock.

In August 1996, a Parisian version of Fréquence Jazz was created named Paris Jazz, but with a different programming. The CSA allows the broadcasting in Paris by sharing broadcast time with Générations on 88.2 MHz, also owned by Espace Group. Paris Jazz broadcast between 14:00 – 19:00 and 23:00 – 07:00. Like Fréquence Jazz in Lyon, its sister station is dedicated entirely to jazz music. In 2002, after 6 years of activity Paris Jazz stopped broadcasting, for unspecified reasons, to let Générations 88,2 broadcast 24/7.

In 2006, Fréquence Jazz starts broadcasting throughout the province in 20 cities, under the name Jazz Radio 2.

Radio broadcasting

Radio broadcasting is a unidirectional wireless transmission over radio waves intended to reach a wide audience. Stations can be linked in radio networks to broadcast a common radio format, either in broadcast syndication or simulcast or both. Audio broadcasting also can be done via cable radio, local wire television networks, satellite radio, and internet radio via streaming media on the Internet. The signal types can be either analog audio or digital audio.

In 2009, there were 3,494 radio broadcasting stations in the United States.

History

The earliest radio stations were simply radiotelegraphy systems and did not carry audio. For audio broadcasts to be possible electronic detection and amplification devices had to be incorporated.

The thermionic valve was invented in 1904 by the English physicist John Ambrose Fleming. He developed a device he called an "oscillation valve" (because it passes current in only one direction). The heated filament, or cathode, was capable of thermionic emission of electrons that would flow to the plate (or anode) when it was at a higher voltage. Electrons, however, could not pass in the reverse direction because the plate was not heated and thus not capable of thermionic emission of electrons. Later known as the Fleming valve, it could be used as a rectifier of alternating current and as a radio wave detector. This greatly improved the crystal set which rectified the radio signal using an early solid-state diode based on a crystal and a so-called cat's whisker. However, what was still required was an amplifier.

Radio Paris

Radio Paris was a French radio broadcasting company best known for its Axis propaganda broadcasts in Vichy France during World War II.

Radio Paris evolved from the first private radio station in France, called Radiola, founded by pioneering French engineer Émile Girardeau in 1922. It became Radio Paris on March 29, 1924, and remained so through June 17, 1940, transitioning to state ownership in December 1933 as the premier station in the country. It kept its name from July 1940 until August 1944, but the station was then run by Nazis and French collaborators.

From 1940, collaborationist voices on Radio Paris included Jacques Doriot and Philippe Henriot. From 1942, Jean Hérold-Paquis broadcast daily news reports on Radio Paris, in which he regularly called for the "destruction" of the United Kingdom. His catch phrase was "England, like Carthage, shall be destroyed!", echoing Cato the Elder's slogan Carthago delenda est.

September 19, 1941, Maurice Chevalier just sing in Le Poste Parisien his last success, Notre Espoir, composed by her accompanist Henri Betti.