- published: 30 Nov 2010
- views: 2990
Alexander Ypsilantis, Ypsilanti, or Alexandros Ypsilantis (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης; Romanian: Alexandru Ipsilanti; Russian: Александр Константинович Ипсиланти; 12 December 1792 – 31 January 1828) was a member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family, a prince of the Danubian Principalities, a senior officer of the Imperial Russian cavalry during the Napoleonic Wars, and a leader of the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization that coordinated the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire. He should not be confused with his namesake grandfather, a Prince of Wallachia and Moldavia at the end of the 18th century.
The Ypsilantis family hailed from the Pontian population of Trabzon. He was born on 12 December 1792 in Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, as the eldest of three brothers (the others being Nicholas and Demetrios). His father Constantine Ypsilantis and grandfather Alexander were active in the Ottoman administration and highly educated, each with their own share of service as a dragoman in the Sultan's court and as hospodars of the Danubian Principalities.
Filiki Eteria or Society of Friends (Greek: Φιλική Εταιρεία or Εταιρεία των Φιλικών) was a secret 19th-century organization whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule of Greece and establish an independent Greek state. Society members were mainly young Phanariot Greeks from Russia and local chieftains from Greece. One of its leaders was Alexander Ypsilantis. The Society initiated the Greek War of Independence in the spring of 1821.
The direct translation of the word "Filiki" is "Friendly" and the direct translation of the word "Eteria" is "Society" (also "Company" or "Association"). The name of Filiki Eteria has been transliterated in numerous publications with combinations of Filiki, Filike, Philiki, Philike with Eteria, Etairia, Etaireia, Etereia, Hetairia.
In the context of ardent desire for independence from Turkish occupation, and with the explicit influence of similar secret societies elsewhere in Europe, three Greeks came together in 1814 in Odessa to decide the constitution for a secret organization in freemasonic fashion. Its purpose was to unite all Greeks in an armed organization to overthrow Turkish rule. The three founders were Nikolaos Skoufas from the Arta province, Emmanuil Xanthos from Patmos and Athanasios Tsakalov from Ioannina. Soon after they initiated a fourth member, Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos from Andritsaina.
Emmanouel Pappas (Greek: Εμμανουήλ Παππάς; 1772–1821), prominent member of Filiki Etaireia and leader of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia was one of the most heroic figures of the Struggle.
Born in Dovista (Δοβίστα), Serres regional unit, a village which is now named after him (Emmanouil Papas). Son of a priest, Pappas excelled in commerce and banking, not only in Macedonia, but also in Europe, establishing trading posts in Istanbul, Vienna and Budapest, despite the limited education he received.
Being one of the founding members of Filiki Etaireia, after the outbreak of the War, he dedicated his fortune to organising and financing guerrilla troops. In March, 1821, he tried to coordinate his actions in Eastern Macedonia, with Anastasios Karatasos, who had started the revolution in West, with a view to spread it through the entire region, but their actions were not well synchronized, and had little success.
Ismāʿīl Bey (c. 1735? - March 1791), also known as Ismail Bey al-Kabir ("the Great") was a Mamluk emir and regent of Ottoman Egypt.
Ismail was supposedly of Georgian origin and became a Mamluk of the Emir Ali Bey al-Kabir in Egypt. During the Russo-Turkish War Ali Bey used the opportunity to declare Egypt's independence from the Ottoman empire. On Ali's behalf Ismail Bey suppressed a pro-ottoman revolt in Lower Egypt (1768). Acting on Ali's orders he also invaded Hidjaz and subdued all of its ports and coastal towns north of Djidda (1770). When Ali Bey's most trusted general (and brother-in-law) Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab betrayed him and marched against Cairo, Ismail Bey was sent out to intercept him but was forced to surrender and to submit (1772).
After Abu Dhahab's death (1775) Ismail Bey rallied the remaining mamluks of Ali Bey but failed to prevent Abu Dhahabs comrades Ibrahim Bey and Murad Bey from succeeding him. Murad tried to poison him, however, Ismail and the Ali-Bey-faction (Alawiyya) managed to expel the Abu-Dhahab-faction (Muhammadiyya) from Cairo to Upper Egypt (1777). A few months later several Alawiyya-emirs changed sides. Ibrahim and Murad came back and forced Ismail to flee (1778).
Yusuf Bey (December 21, 1935 – September 30, 2003), born Joseph Stephens, was a Black Muslim activist and leader.
After discovering the teachings of Elijah Muhammed in the 1960s, he adopted the name Yusuf Bey and moved to Oakland, California, and then Santa Barbara, California, where in 1968 he opened a bakery. The bakery moved to Oakland by 1971. Renamed Your Black Muslim Bakery, it became the center of a local Black nationalist community. Held out at the time as a model of African-American economic self-sufficiency, the business fell apart after Bey's death and a series of murders linked to criminal activities.
Bey was born and raised in Greenville, Texas. As a student in the early 1950s he moved with his family to Oakland, California, where he attended Oakland Technical High School, and then enlisted for four years in the U.S. Air Force. In his first business venture he obtained a cosmetology degree and ran beauty salons in neighboring Berkeley and then in the southern city of Santa Barbara before going into the bakery business instead. Having converted to Islam in 1964, Bey founded the Islamic bakery in Santa Barbara in 1968. The group was not affiliated with Louis Farrakhan's movement, the Nation of Islam, though early connections and similarities were evident. Nation of Islam minister Keith Muhammad, of East Oakland's Muhammad Mosque #26, stated that the two organizations are distinct and separate.
Alexander Ypsilantis, Ypsilanti, or Alexandros Ypsilantis (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης; Romanian: Alexandru Ipsilanti; Russian: Александр Константинович Ипсиланти; 1792—1828) was a member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family, a prince of the Danubian Principalities, a senior officer of the Imperial Russian cavalry during the Napoleonic Wars, and a leader of the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization that coordinated the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.
I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (http://www.youtube.com/editor)
I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (http://www.youtube.com/editor)
In 1694 Constantin Brâncoveanu, ruler of Wallachia, had founded the Princely Academy of Saint Sava in Bucharest with lectures delivered in Greek. In 1776, Alexander Ypsilantis, ruler of Wallachia, reformed the curriculum of the Saint Sava Academy, where courses of French, Italian and Latin were now taught. In 1859, the Faculty of Law was created. In 1857, Carol Davila created the Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy. In 1857, the foundation stone of the University Palace in Bucharest was laid.On July 4/16 1864 Prince Alexander John Cuza created the University of Bucharest, bringing together the Faculties of Law, Sciences and Letters as one single body. In the following years, new faculties were created: 1884 – the Faculty of Theology; 1906 – the Institute of Geology; 1913 – the...
Revolutionary activity in Macedonia . Map1: 00:09 Map showing the battles of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia, 1821-1822. Letter: 00:44 Letter of Alexander Ypsilantis to Emmanouel Pappas, dated 8 October 1820. Map2: 03:40 The movements of Greek and Turkish forces during the insurrection in Chalcidice (1821) and on Olympus and Vérmion (1822). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic ascent of Thessaloniki and of the other urban centres of Macedonia coincided with the cultural and political renaissance of the Greeks. The ideals and patriotic songs of Rigas Feraios and others had made a profound impression upon the Thessalonians. Α few years later, the revolutionary fervour of the southern Greeks w...
Revolutionary activity in Macedonia . Map1: 00:09 Map showing the battles of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia, 1821-1822. Letter: 00:44 Letter of Alexander Ypsilantis to Emmanouel Pappas, dated 8 October 1820. Map2: 03:40 The movements of Greek and Turkish forces during the insurrection in Chalcidice (1821) and on Olympus and Vérmion (1822). --------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic ascent of Thessaloniki and of the other urban centres of Macedonia coincided with the cultural and political renaissance of the Greeks. The ideals and patriotic songs of Rigas Feraios and others had made a profound impression upon the Thessalonians. Α few years later, the revolutionary fervour of the southern Greeks was to spread to these parts, and the seeds ...
Revolutionary activity in Macedonia . Map1: 00:09 Map showing the battles of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia, 1821-1822. Letter: 00:44 Letter of Alexander Ypsilantis to Emmanouel Pappas, dated 8 October 1820. Map2: 03:40 The movements of Greek and Turkish forces during the insurrection in Chalcidice (1821) and on Olympus and Vérmion (1822). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic ascent of Thessaloniki and of the other urban centres of Macedonia coincided with the cultural and political renaissance of the Greeks. The ideals and patriotic songs of Rigas Feraios and others had made a profound impression upon the Thessalonians. Α few years later, the revolutionary fervour of the southern Greeks wa...
Revolutionary activity in Macedonia . Map1: 00:09 Map showing the battles of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia, 1821-1822. Letter: 00:44 Letter of Alexander Ypsilantis to Emmanouel Pappas, dated 8 October 1820. Map2: 03:40 The movements of Greek and Turkish forces during the insurrection in Chalcidice (1821) and on Olympus and Vérmion (1822). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic ascent of Thessaloniki and of the other urban centres of Macedonia coincided with the cultural and political renaissance of the Greeks. The ideals and patriotic songs of Rigas Feraios and others had made a profound impression upon the Thessalonians. Α few years later, the revolutionary fervour of the southern Greeks wa...
The monastery stands now in Pantelimon neighborhood, but centuries ago the place was an unihabited swampy area outside Bucharest. Together with Plumbuita and Văcărești monasteries, it made a line of fortifications defending Bucharest in its outskirts. The monastery was built in 1586-1587 and is preserved mostly in its original form. There is a cloister with two courtyards and a church with fine sculpted and painted decorations. Inside the church are paintings including several votive portraits of founders from various epochs: armaș (a function equivalent to provost marshal) Marcu (16th century), Grigore II Ghica (ruler of Moldavia at four different intervals between 1726-1748 and ruler of Wallachia between 1733-1735 and 1748-1752) and his lady Zoița and their five children, Alexander Yp...
Iš "TARPTAUTINĖS MOKSLINĖS KONFERENCIJOS „EUROPOS SĄJUNGA IR BIZANTIJA – KULTŪRINIS PAVELDAS, ISTORIJAIR PERSPEKTYVOS: JUSTINIANO DIDŽIOJO PASAULIS IR EUROPOS CIVILIZACIJA". Pranešėjas istorikas, žurnalistas (Graikija): "Alexander Ypsilantis - Filiks Eterias vadas"; į rusų kalbą verčia Vasilios Tsenkelidis (Graikija). Parengė Angelė Šarlauskienė.
Мукачівський замок ( м. Мукачево, 23 Apr. 2016 ) Palanok Castle, 14th century. The castle of Munkács played an important role during the anti-Habsburg revolts in this territory and present-day Slovakia (1604–1711), especially at the beginning of the anti-Habsburg Revolt of Imre Thököly (1685–1688), as well as at the beginning of the revolt of Ferenc II. Rákóczi (early 18th century). This important fortress became a prison from the end of the 18th century and was used until 1897. The Greek national hero Alexander Ypsilanti was imprisoned in Munkács castle from 1821 to 1823.
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Alexander_Ypsilanti.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Alexander Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Alexander_Ypsilanti.html 2) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti.html 3) How to Pronounce YPSILANTI Uppercut http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_YPSILANTI_Uppercut.html 4) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti, Michigan http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti,_Michigan.html ...
Alex Ford 400m Ypsilanti, MI AAU INDOOR NATIONALS
A film by Alexander Thomas CACTUSPANTRY.COM
A film by Alexander Thomas filmed at spur studios in Ypsilanti Michigan CACTUSPANTRY.COM
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_D_Ypsilanti.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce D Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_D_Ypsilanti.html 2) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti.html 3) How to Pronounce YPSILANTI Uppercut http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_YPSILANTI_Uppercut.html 4) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti, Michigan http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti,_Michigan.html 5) How to Pronounce Sand...
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti_Handshake.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti Handshake http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti_Handshake.html 2) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti.html 3) How to Pronounce YPSILANTI Uppercut http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_YPSILANTI_Uppercut.html 4) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti, Michigan http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti,_Michigan.html ...
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Sandy_Ypsilanti.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Sandy Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Sandy_Ypsilanti.html 2) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti.html 3) How to Pronounce YPSILANTI Uppercut http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_YPSILANTI_Uppercut.html 4) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti, Michigan http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti,_Michigan.html 5) How to Pr...
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Sander_Ypsilanti.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Sander Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Sander_Ypsilanti.html 2) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Ypsilanti.html 3) How to Pronounce Sander http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Sander.html 4) How to Pronounce YPSILANTI Uppercut http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_YPSILANTI_Uppercut.html 5) How to Pronounce Ypsilanti, Mich...
A thought-provoking discussion based on the book "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration In the Age of Color Blindness" by Michelle Alexander.