This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Adolphe Thiers 00:02:18 1 Biography 00:02:27 1.1 Early life 00:04:01 1.2 Journalism 00:06:39 1.3 Historian 00:08:35 1.4 The July Revolution (1830) 00:13:57 1.5 Deputy and Minister (1830–1836) 00:19:32 1.6 Prime Minister (1836) 00:22:31 1.7 Opposition and Prime Minister again (1837–1840) 00:28:50 1.8 Opposition (1840–1848) 00:31:38 1.9 The February Revolution (1848) 00:36:23 1.10 The Second Republic 00:45:03 1.11 The Second Empire 00:50:46 1.12 War and the fall of the Empire 00:53:14 1.13 The government of National Defense (1870–1871) 00:58:33 1.14 Chief Executive and the end of the fighting 01:01:20 1.15 The Paris Commune 01:08:03 1.16 Making peace 01:09:38 1.17 President of the Republic (1871–1873) 01:16:58 1.18 Downfall (1873) 01:20:46 1.19 Last years 01:24:53 2 Family and personal life 01:29:22 3 Literary career 01:32:03 4 Place in history 01:37:41 5 Legacy 01:39:02 6 Honors 01:39:46 7 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers (French: [lwi adɔlf tjɛʁ]; 15 April 1797 – 3 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian. He was the second elected President of France, and the first President of the French Third Republic. Thiers was a key figure in the July Revolution of 1830, which overthrew the Bourbon monarchy, and the French Revolution of 1848, which established the Second French Republic. He served as a prime minister in 1836, 1840 and 1848, dedicated the Arc de Triomphe, and arranged the return to France of the ashes of Napoleon from Saint-Helena. He was first a supporter, then a vocal opponent of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (who served from 1848 to 1852 as President of the Second Republic and as Emperor Napoleon III, reigning from 1852 to 1871). When Napoleon III seized power, Thiers was arrested and briefly expelled from France. He then returned and became an opponent of the government. Following the defeat of France in the Franco-German War, which Thiers opposed, he was elected chief executive of the new French government and negotiated the end of the war. When the Paris Commune seized power in March 1871, Thiers gave the orders to the army for its suppression. At the age of seventy-four, he was named President of the Republic by the French National Assembly in August 1871. His chief accomplishment as president was to achieve the departure of German soldiers from most of French territory two years ahead of schedule. Opposed by the monarchists in the French assembly and the left wing of the Republicans, he resigned on 24 May 1873, and was replaced as President by Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta. When he died in 1877, his funeral became a major political event; the procession was led by two of the leaders of the republican movement, Victor Hugo and Leon Gambetta, who, at the time of his death, were his allies against the conservative monarchists. He was also a notable literary figure, the author of a very successful ten-volume history of the French Revolution, and a twenty-volume history of the Consulate and Empire of Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1834 he was elected to the Académie Française.

• published: 03 Dec 2018
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