Since policing is a constitutional obligation on the part of the government in Nepal; Nepal Police Organization is the main administrative apparatus in the hands of the government to safeguard people's constitutional rights and to maintain law and order in the country.

Prior to 1864 AD: The Police institution dates back to the ancient times as does the history and language of the country.

During The Rana Regime (1864-1951 AD): During Rana Regime, little was done to institutionalize the Police Organisation, establishing MILISIYA, THANA POLICE CHAUKI, office of POICE DIRECTOR GENERAL etc. which gradually shaped The Nepal Police to this modern "Nepal Police".

During The Period 1951 till 1990: Nepal saw the dawn of democracy after the fall of the Rana regime. The Police Head Quarters was established in 1952 in Kathmandu. Mr. Toran Shamsher J.B.Rana was appointed the first Inspector General of Police. The Police Act, 2012 BS (1955 AD) came into effect. The Police Regulation, 2015 BS (1959 AD) came into effect. The Parliamentary Government under the multi-party system was adopted for some years which was followed by Panchayat System since 1960. The establishment of the Central Police Training Centre in 1963. The role of Police was focussed mainly in safeguarding the interest of the ruling system.

Nepal (नेपाल) (ⁱ/nɛˈpɔːl/ ne-PAWLNepali: नेपाल [neˈpal] ( listen)), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India. Specifically, the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and Sikkim border Nepal, while across the Himalayas lies the Tibetan Autonomous Region. With an area of 147,181 square kilometres (56,827 sq mi) and a population of approximately 27 million (and 2 million absentee workers living abroad), Nepal is the world's 93rd largest country by land mass and the 41st most populous country. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and the country's largest metropolis. Kathmandu Valley itself has estimated population of 5 million.

Nepal has a rich geography. The mountainous north has eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on Earth, Mount Everest, called Sagarmatha in Nepali. It contains more than 240 peaks over 20,000 ft (6,096 m) above sea level. The fertile and humid south is heavily urbanized.

Ramesh Kharel (Nepali: रमेश खरेल) is a policeman from Nepal known for his integrity and fight against corruption within the Nepali Police Force.

Ramesh Kharel has served as the Superintendent of Police (SP) in Pokhara, Kathmandu, and Birgunj. His transfer from Kathmandu was a controversial decision, and was likely delayed by public outcry and support for his stay in Kathmandu.

During his service in Kathmandu, he cracked down on crime in the city, including controlling the gangs and the so-called "dons" of Kathmandu. He also presided over raids on dance clubs that were illegally working as brothels in Kathmandu. He had similarly cracked down on illegal prostitution during his earlier stint in Pokhara.

Once moving to Birgunj in Parsa District, he has continued the strong policing he was known for in Kathmandu. Even in the first 10 days since his transfer, it was reported that crime was down and the rife corruption within the police force had decreased significantly. The practice of collecting illegal tolls from those importing goods from India was also significantly cut.

A police officer (also known as a policeman or policewoman, and constable in some forces, particularly in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth nations) is a warranted employee of a police force. In the United States, "officer" is the formal name of the lowest police rank; in many other countries "officer" is a generic term not specifying a particular rank, and the lowest rank is often "constable". Police officers are generally charged with the apprehension of criminals and the prevention and detection of crime, and the maintenance of public order. Police officers may be sworn to an oath, and have the power to arrest people and detain them for a limited time, along with other duties and powers.

Some police officers may also be trained in special duties, such as counter-terrorism, surveillance, child protection, VIP protection, and investigation techniques into major crime, including fraud, rape, murder and drug trafficking.

Responsibilities of a police officer are varied, and may differ greatly from within one political context to another. Typical duties relate to keeping the peace, law enforcement, protection of people and property, and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Rules and guidelines dictate how an officer should behave within the community, and in many contexts restrictions are placed on what the uniformed officer wears. In some countries, rules and procedures dictate that a police officer is obliged to intervene in a criminal incident, even if they are off-duty. Police officers in nearly all countries retain their lawful powers, while off duty.