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Overview of the
Internet/Broadband
RTV 3000 Introduction to
Telecommunication
,
Evolution of the Internet
Question posed in
1963 by
RAND, a cold war think tank. “How could the
U.S. communicate after a nuclear attack?”
,Internet Evolution
Answer The communication network would require: The intelligence to reside in the endpoints
Any endpoint could talk to any other endpoint
Network Routing be self-healing after attack No centralized control
Messages divided into packets that could take any number of paths from source to destination ,Internet Evolution Internet began as
ARPANET in the late
1960s, run by
Dept. of Defense
Development of
TCP/IP Protocols in mid
1970s, incorporated into ARPANET in
1983 NSF supports TCP/IP in
CSNET in early
1980s ARPANET and CSNET merge in 1980s ,Internet Evolution NSF subsidizes
NSFNET backbone and regional networks in
1986
NSF
Phases out federal support for
Internet backbone in 1992-95 Internet commercialized in mid
1990s ,
The World Wide Web Created by
Tim Berners-Lee in
1991 at the
European Center for Nuclear Research (
CERN)
Portion of the Internet that utilizes a software program (browser) to display WebPages
Browser development:
Mosaic in
1993;
Netscape Navigator popularized in mid 90s ,Internet in
Context Internet is convergence
Unique Multi-modal capabilities and user-driven qualities compared to previous telecommunication technologies Many predict shared protocol of the Internet is platform of the future ,Brief overview of the Internet
Digital data and bits (1’s & O’s) are packet switched on interconnected networks through use of routers and communication links
Packet-switching involves TCP/IP ,Brief overview of the Internet
Best efforts routing; packets of related-information (e.g. email) may travel different paths
Packets reassembled at final destination e2e allows for creative applications and software Openness key to daisy chaining, e2e & more ,Who governs the Internet? No centralized controlling authority
Standards and protocols set by a number of self-governing organizations, including:
Internet Society (
ISOC)
Internet Architecture Board (
IAB) Internet
Engineering Task Forces (
IETF) Internet Corporation for Assigned
Names and
Numbers (
ICANN) Existing governing and political institutions may influence policy Misnomer to believe Internet is completely unregulated ,Internet is convergence
Common product/service platform that support multiple functions
Driven by digitization, bandwidth and throughput
Form of information carried traditionally by different delivery mechanisms: voice (telephone), data (private corporate network), and video (broadcast network or cable tv) Multi-modal content ,Why Broadband Throughput
Matters:
Transfer Rate of a 10-Megabyte
File (10-20 minute video clip)
Telephone modems, 28.8
Kbps – 46 minutes, 56.6 Kbps –
24 minutes
ISDN modem, 128 Kbps – 10 minutes
Typical Cable &
ADSL, 1.54 Mbps – 52 seconds 4-Mbps – 20 seconds 10-Mbps – 8 seconds ,From Narrowband to Broadband
Definition of
Broadband Internet
Internet access with a minimum capacity of greater or equal to 256 kbit/s in one or both directions (
ITU)
200 kbit/s in or both directions (
FCC)
Fixed Broadband:
DSL,
Cable Modem,
FTTH Mobile Broadband:
W-CDMA,
CDMA 2000 Portable Internet:
WLAN,
WMAN, WiMAX ,From Narrowband to Broadband In the U.S. Cable Modem is dominant technology for fixed broadband services (44.1 %).
High-speed lines by technology as of June 30th,
2006 ,Internet Usage in the U.S. Estimated
Internet users: 185 M (
2005)
Internet Users per
100 inhabitants: 63.00 (2005) Internet subscribers per 100 inhabitants: 22.5 (2005) PC
Penetration Rate: 76
.22 (2005) U.S. Ranked 12th in terms of
Internet users per 100 inhabitants
TOP 5
Countries in
Internet usage: 1.
Iceland 2.
New Zealand 3.
Sweden 4.
Australia 5.
Korea ,Broadband Deployment Benefits of Broadband Deployment
Approximately 50 million households in
- published: 01 Jun 2016
- views: 2