- published: 20 Jan 2015
- views: 1913945
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are very small; typical sizes are around 100 pm (a ten-billionth of a meter, in the short scale). However, atoms do not have well-defined boundaries, and there are different ways to define their size that give different but close values.
Atoms are small enough that classical physics gives noticeably incorrect results. Through the development of physics, atomic models have incorporated quantum principles to better explain and predict the behavior.
Every atom is composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or more protons and typically a similar number of neutrons (none in hydrogen-1). Protons and neutrons are called nucleons. More than 99.94% of an atom's mass is in the nucleus. The protons have a positive electric charge, the electrons have a negative electric charge, and the neutrons have no electric charge. If the number of protons and electrons are equal, that atom is electrically neutral. If an atom has more or fewer electrons than protons, then it has an overall negative or positive charge, respectively, and it is called an ion.
How Small Is An Atom? Spoiler: Very Small.
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How Can You See an Atom?
Throw open all the doors
There’s a warm wind blowing through
Let the gifts of ages
Pour over you
Let it rise within you now
Let the shine light up your way
Chasing all your doubts and clouds
Far away
Every time it happens
Atoms scatter on the road ahead
So don’t look away, don’t let it stay
To other schemes instead
Don’t wait too long
Can’t you see that summer’s come
And this world that’s lipped it’s crown
It took some saving
There’s a sky of newest blue
Way beyond this burning sun
A clear and perfect view
On and on
Every time it happens
Atoms scatter on the road ahead
So don’t look away, don’t let it stay
To other schemes instead
Don’t wait too long
Can’t you see that summer’s come
And this world that’s lipped it’s crown
It took some saving
So don’t wait too long
Can’t you see that summer’s come
Every time it happens
Atoms scatter on the road ahead
So don’t look away, don’t let it stay
To other schemes instead
Don’t wait too long
Can’t you see that summer’s come
And this world that’s lipped it’s crown