Fuse (electrical)

In electronics and electrical engineering, a fuse (from the French fusée, Italian fuso, "spindle") is a type of low resistance resistor that acts as a sacrificial device to provide overcurrent protection, of either the load or source circuit. Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows through it, interrupting the circuit that it connects. Short circuits, overloading, mismatched loads, or device failure are the prime reasons for excessive current. Fuses can be alternative to circuit breakers.

A fuse interrupts an excessive current so that further damage by overheating or fire is prevented. Wiring regulations often define a maximum fuse current rating for particular circuits. Overcurrent protection devices are essential in electrical systems to limit threats to human life and property damage. The time and current operating characteristics of fuses are chosen to provide adequate protection without needless interruption. Slow blow fuses are designed to allow harmless short term currents over their rating while still interrupting a sustained overload. Fuses are manufactured in a wide range of current and voltage ratings to protect wiring systems and electrical equipment. Self-resetting fuses automatically restore the circuit after the overload has cleared, and are useful in environments where a human replacing a blown fuse would be difficult or impossible, for example in aerospace or nuclear applications.

Fuse (hydraulic)

In hydraulic systems, a fuse (or velocity fuse) is a component which prevents the sudden loss of hydraulic fluid pressure. It is a safety feature, designed to allow systems to continue operating, or at least to not fail catastrophically, in the event of a system breach. It does this by stopping or greatly restricting the flow of hydraulic fluid through itself if the flow exceeds a threshold.

The term "fuse" is used here in analogy with electrical fuses which perform a similar function.

Hydraulic systems rely on high pressures (usually over 7000 kPa) to work properly. If a hydraulic system loses fluid pressure, (burst hydraulic hose) it will become inoperative and components such as actuators may collapse. This is an undesirable condition in life-critical systems such as aircraft or heavy machinery particularly forklifts. Hydraulic fuses help guard against catastrophic failure of a hydraulic system (for instance, by line breakage or component failure) by automatically isolating the defective branch.

Fuse (explosives)

In an explosive, pyrotechnic device or military munition, a fuse (or fuze) is the part of the device that initiates function. In common usage, the word fuse is used indiscriminately. However, when being specific (and in particular in a military context), the term fuse, describes a simple pyrotechnic initiating device, like the cord on a firecracker whereas the term fuze is sometimes used when referring to a more sophisticated ignition device incorporating mechanical and/or electronic components, such as a proximity fuze for an M107 artillery shell, magnetic/acoustic fuze on a sea mine, spring-loaded grenade fuze,pencil detonator or anti-handling device.

History

The simplest form of fuse is the burning fuse, believed to date back to the 10th century and originating in China. This simple fuse consisted of lightweight paper filled with loose gunpowder, and served as a means of delaying ignition in fireworks. This simple form of burning fuse can still be found today in many modern pyrotechnics. A version of this simple fuse is called visco fuse, and consists of the burning core coated with wax or lacquer for durability and water resistance. The commercial and military version of a burning fuse referred to as safety fuse (invented by William Bickford) is a textile tube filled with combustible material and wrapped to prevent external exposure of the burning core. Safety fuses are used to initiate the detonation of explosives through the use of a blasting cap.

Dogma (film)

Dogma is a 1999 American comedy film, written and directed by Kevin Smith, who also stars along with Ben Affleck, Matt Damon, Linda Fiorentino, Alan Rickman, Bud Cort, Salma Hayek, Chris Rock, Jason Lee, George Carlin, Janeane Garofalo, Alanis Morissette, and Jason Mewes. It is the fourth film in Smith's View Askewniverse series. Brian O'Halloran and Jeff Anderson, stars of the first Askewniverse film Clerks, have cameo roles, as do Smith regulars Scott Mosier, Dwight Ewell, Walt Flanagan, and Bryan Johnson.

The film's irreverent treatment of Catholicism and the Roman Catholic Church triggered considerable controversy, even before its opening. The Catholic League denounced it as "blasphemy". Organized protests delayed its release in many countries and led to at least two death threats against Smith. The plot revolves around two fallen angels who plan to employ an alleged loophole in Catholic dogma to return to Heaven, after being cast out by God; but as existence is founded on the principle that God is infallible, their success would prove God wrong and thus undo all creation. The last scion and two prophets are sent by the Voice of God to stop them.

Dogma (The Gazette album)

Dogma (stylized as DOGMA in Japan) is the eighth studio album by Japanese visual kei rock band The Gazette, released on August 26, 2015 in Japan and September 4, 2015 in the US by Sony Music Records and October 2, 2015 in the UK, Europe and Russia by JPU Records.

The album scored number 2 on its first day of release on the Oricon Daily Charts and number 3 on the Oricon Weekly Charts, selling 18,102 copies in its first week.

Track listing

Limited Edition

All lyrics written by Ruki, all music composed by individual band members below.

Regular Edition

All lyrics written by Ruki, all music composed by individual band members below.

Notes

References

External links

Dogma (studio)

Dogma (ドグマ ) is a Japanese adult video company based in Tokyo which specializes in various fetish genres of pornography.

Company information

The Dogma label was formed as part of the Soft On Demand (SOD) group in February 2001 by Tohjiro, a director at SOD. A year later, Tohjiro separated Dogma from SOD to become a separate "indie" producer of AV material. Tohjiro said he liked the sound of the word "Dogma" and decided to use it for his label. The studio produces about 8 new titles a month, about half of them directed by Tohjiro. The company's products are distributed as downloadable videos through their website and as DVDs through the Hokuto Corporation. In addition to video production, Dogma has also made a small foray into the T-Shirt business with some designs by AV Idol Kurumi Morishita.

Dogma is incorporated as OM Production, Inc. (株式会社オムプロダクション) with Muneyuki Mikami (三上宗之) as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. The company has its offices and studios in Tokyo's Roppongi district.