Use

Use may refer to:

or to:

See also

Use (law)

Use, as a term in real property of common law countries, amounts to a recognition of the duty of a person, to whom property has been conveyed for certain purposes, to carry out those purposes.

Uses were equitable or beneficial interests in land. In early law a man could not dispose of his estate by will nor could religious houses acquire it. As a method of evading the common law, the practice arose of making feoffments to the use of, or upon trust for, persons other than those to whom the seisin or legal possession was delivered, to which the equitable jurisdiction of the chancellor gave effect. To remedy the abuses which it was said were occasioned by this evasion of the law the Statute of Uses of 1536 was passed. However it failed to accomplish its purpose. Out of this failure of the Statute of Uses arose the modern law of trusts (see that article for further details).

Development of the use

One reason for the creation of uses was a desire to avoid the strictness of the rules of the common law, which considered seisin to be all-important and therefore refused to allow a legal interest to be created to spring up in the future. Although the common law recognised a use in chattels from an early period, it was clear by the end of the fourteenth century that land law had no room for this notion. Uses, nonetheless, satisfied contemporary needs in fifteenth century England. Its first application in relation to land was to protect the ownership of the land by the Franciscan Monks, who were pledged to vows of poverty and unable to own land. This enabled the feoffee to uses for the benefit of a cestui que use. The common law did not recognise the cestui que use but affirmed the right of ownership by feoffee to use. The term "use" translates into "Trust" and this was the legal beginning of Trusts and the use of trusts to defeat feudal, death and tax dues.

USE1

Uncharacterized hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells protein MDS032, also known as MDS032, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MDS032 gene.

Function

D12, the mouse homolog of MDS032, is a SNARE protein involved with the Golgi secretory apparatus and with endosome-lysosome transport.

References

Further reading

Product

Product may refer to:

Business

Sciences

Mathematics

In linear algebra:

In abstract algebra:

Product breakdown structure

In project management, a product breakdown structure (PBS) is a tool for analysing, documenting and communicating the outcomes of a project, and forms part of the product based planning technique.

The PBS provides ''an exhaustive, hierarchical tree structure of deliverables (physical, functional or conceptual) that make up the project, arranged in whole-part relationship'' (Duncan, 2015).

This diagrammatic representation of project outputs provides a clear and unambiguous statement of what the project is to deliver.

The PBS is identical in format to the work breakdown structure (WBS), but is a separate entity and is used at a different step in the planning process. The PBS precedes the WBS and focuses on cataloguing all the desired outputs (products) needed to achieve the goal of the project. This feeds into creation of the WBS, which identifies the tasks and activities required to deliver those outputs. Supporters of product based planning suggest that this overcomes difficulties that arise from assumptions about what to do and how to do it by focusing instead on the goals and objectives of the project - an oft-quoted analogy is that PBS defines where you want to go, the WBS tells you how to get there.

Product (category theory)

In category theory, the product of two (or more) objects in a category is a notion designed to capture the essence behind constructions in other areas of mathematics such as the cartesian product of sets, the direct product of groups, the direct product of rings and the product of topological spaces. Essentially, the product of a family of objects is the "most general" object which admits a morphism to each of the given objects.

Definition

Let C be a category with some objects X₁ and X₂. An object X is a product of X₁ and X₂, denoted X₁ × X₂, if it satisfies this universal property:

The unique morphism f is called the product of morphisms f₁ and f₂ and is denoted < f₁, f₂ >. The morphisms π₁ and π₂ are called the canonical projections or projection morphisms.

Above we defined the binary product. Instead of two objects we can take an arbitrary family of objects indexed by some set I. Then we obtain the definition of a product.

An object X is the product of a family (X_i)_i∈I of objects iff there exist morphisms π_i : X → X_i, such that for every object Y and a I-indexed family of morphisms f_i : Y → X_i there exists a unique morphism f : Y → X such that the following diagrams commute for all i∈I: