Safdarjung (Delhi)

Safdarjung area consists of mainly two localities in South Delhi, namely Safdarjung Enclave and Safdarjung Development Area (SDA). There are several districts (called colonies) in Delhi located south to the tomb of Safdarjung, the second Nawab of Awadh, and an important administrator in the Mughal Imperial courts in Delhi, under Muhammad Shah in the 18th century.

Safdarjung Enclave

Safdarjung Enclave, developed by the Delhi Lease and Finance later DLF Limited after acquiring the farm lands from Humayunpur Village in the early 1960s under then Prime Minister Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. is located just south of the Ring Road and north of the Hauz Khas Deer Park. South of Hauz Khas village is Safdarjung Development Area (SDA), built in the 1960s as an extension south. Both colonies are primarily residential, and are bases for the affluent upper class. Safdarjung Enclave has different block such as A-1, A-2, B-1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7. Safdarjung Enclave from the east to west starts just after AIIMS Trauma Centre and ends before Bhikaji Kama Place on the inner ring road. From North to south it starts from Bhikaji Kama Place up to DLTA stadium and District Park. Krishna Nagar, Arjun Nagar and Humayun Pur also situated in the Safdarjung Enclave Delhi.

Safdarjung

Safdar Jung (Hindi: सफ़्दरजंग, Urdu: صفدرجنگ‎) (b. c. 1708 – d. 5 October 1754), was the Subadar Nawab of Oudh (the ruler of the Indian state of Oudh, also known as Awadh) from 19 March 1739 to 5 October 1754. He was a descendant of Qara Yusuf from the Kara Koyunlu.

Biography

In 1739 he succeeded his father-in-law and maternal uncle, the Burhan ul Mulk Saadat Ali Khan I to the throne of Oudh, apparently by paying Nadir Shah twenty million rupees. The Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah gave him the title of "Safdarjung".

Safdarjung was an able administrator. He was not only effective in keeping control of Oudh, but also managed to render valuable assistance to the weakened Muhammad Shah. He was soon given governorship of Kashmir as well, and became a central figure at the Delhi court. During the later years of Muhammad Shah, he gained complete control of administration in the Mughal Empire. When Ahmad Shah Bahadur ascended the throne at Delhi in 1748, Safdarjung became his Wazir ul-Mamalik-i-Hindustan or Chief Minister of Hindustan. He was also made the governor of Ajmer and became the "Faujdar" of Narnaul. However, court politics eventually overtook him and he was dismissed in 1753. He returned to Oudh in December 1753, and made Faizabad military headquarter. He died in October 1755 at the age of 46 years in Sultanpur near Faizabad.

Enclave and exclave

An enclave is any portion of a state that is entirely surrounded by the territory of a single other state. An exclave is a portion of a state geographically separated from the main part by surrounding territory. Many exclaves are also enclaves. Enclave is sometimes used improperly to denote a territory that is only partly surrounded by another state. Examples of enclaved countries include San Marino and Lesotho. Examples of exclaves include Nakhchivan and Campione d'Italia. Campione d'Italia is also an enclave.

A pene‑enclave is any portion of a state that has land borders with a single other state but is not completely surrounded by it or that state's territorial waters. A pene‑exclave is a portion of a state that is geographically separated from the main part by land borders with alien territory but is not completely surrounded by it or alien territorial waters. Examples of pene-enclaved countries include Portugal and Canada. Examples of pene-exclaves include French Guiana, the Kaliningrad Oblast, and Alaska.

Delhi

Delhi (/ˈdɛli/, Hindustani pronunciation: [d̪ɪlliː] Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is the capital territory of India. Delhi is historically and culturally connected to both the Upper Doab of the Yamuna-Ganges river system and the Punjab region. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. It is the largest city in India in terms of geographical area - about 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi). It has a population of about 16.3 million, making it the second most populous city and second most populous urban agglomeration in India and 3^rd largest urban area in the world. Such is the nature of urban expansion in Delhi that its growth has expanded beyond the NCT to incorporate towns in neighbouring states and at its largest extent can count a population of about 25 million residents as of 2014.

Delhi has been continuously inhabited since the 6th century BC. Through most of its history, Delhi has served as a capital of various kingdoms and empires. It has been captured, ransacked and rebuilt several times, particularly during the medieval period, and modern Delhi is a cluster of a number of cities spread across the metropolitan region.

New Delhi

New Delhi (ⁱ/ˌnjuː ˈdɛli/) is a municipality and district in Delhi which serves as the capital and seat of government of India. In addition, it also serves as the seat of Government of Delhi.

The foundation stone of the city was laid by George V, Emperor of India during the Delhi Durbar of 1911. It was designed by British architects, Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. The new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931, by India's Viceroy Lord Irwin.

Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.

New Delhi has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission.

Establishment

Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the center of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.