Mao Zedong

A Chronicle of the Excesses of Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution in China in the Late 1960s (2001)

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• published: 06 Oct 2015
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Red Scarf Girl is a memoir written by Ji-li Jiang about her experiences during the Cultural Revolution of China. The book's foreword is written by David Henry Hwang. Both versions are popular but most schools have access to the foreword version. Ji-li was at the top of her class and the da-dui-zhang, or Student Council President, of her school. However, her father prevents her from auditioning for the Central Liberation Army Arts Academy due to their political status, which she had no knowledge of at the time. Her family is considered a "Black Family", because her grandfather was a landlord and her father was considered a "rightist", (though her father reassured her that he is not). Many people accuse Ji-li of her family's old ways, or "Four Olds" and the "Five Black Categories." that Chairman Mao protests against. Ji-li must deal with the difficult choice between her educational and political future or her family. This book describes her experiences with the Cultural Revolution, including being betrayed by her classmates, helping to destroy the Four Olds, attempting to become a Red Guard and the constant terror of arrest. Though, towards the end, Jiang Ji-li realizes that her goals no longer define her but rather her responsibilities. At the setting, during the summer, China is currently in the Cultural Revolution. The story scopes on Ji-Li Jiang, the main character of the story. Although selected to audition for the Liberation Army, Ji-li is dissuaded by her parents, who know their "black background" will prevent her from making it in anyway. The Campaign Against the Four Olds is illustrated when she and her friends watch as a crowd tears down a "superstitious" store sign and enthusiastically destroys it. The Da-zi-bao craze then begins, and everyone in her class is assigned to write these posters. Some very easily write horrendous slanders against the teachers, but Ji-li cannot bring herself to insult her teachers. One day, she sees a da-zi-bao implying she has a relationship with a male teacher, and her parents tell her to stay at home to avoid embarrassment. When she comes to school again, she is nominated to become a Red Successor for the future generation of Red Guards but her bad class background is revealed to the class by Du Hai and she is excluded from the nomination. She is devastated because of this, but knows she can do nothing about it because her father informed her earlier in the book that it was not a good idea to audition. The summer starts off a bit disappointing for Ji-Li because graduation tests are terminated, but she then finds out that she is going to Shi-yi Junior High School because of her teachers' recommendations. Unfortunately, her teacher's recommendations to schools become invalidated and everyone in her neighborhood is forced to go to Xin-zha Junior High School because of the region that they had residence in. Soon, the campaign started promoting house searches for "Four Olds" items and treasures. Song Po-po, their housekeeper, is eventually fired due to the family's fear of being accused of exploiting workers. Then, the Red Guards find a knife in the garbage with some of their family's suspicious burnt photos. Six Fingers accompanied by several Red Guards start their raid when the Jiangs are asleep. Their house is trashed and they lose many of their things that were considered "Four Olds." Ji-Li comes to junior high school after the summer. Her father is detained for "establishing counterrevolutionary ties and listening to foreign radio." Her mother's salary is also reduced. Their family is going through their darkest ages. However, they manage to hold on and not give up. All schools are then closed and Ji-Li and her classmates are sent to the countryside to do hard labor on the fields. She comes back and takes care of her family. Eventually, Ji-Li moves to the United States of America. Ji-Li started a company to bring the western and Chinese cultures together. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Scarf_Girl