Common Logic

Common Logic (CL) is a framework for a family of logic languages, based on first-order logic, intended to facilitate the exchange and transmission of knowledge in computer-based systems.

The CL definition permits and encourages the development of a variety of different syntactic forms, called dialects. A dialect may use any desired syntax, but it must be possible to demonstrate precisely how the concrete syntax of a dialect conforms to the abstract CL semantics, which are based on a model theoretic interpretation. Each dialect may be then treated as a formal language. Once syntactic conformance is established, a dialect gets the CL semantics for free, as they are specified relative to the abstract syntax only, and hence are inherited by any conformant dialect. In addition, all CL dialects are equivalent (i.e., can be mechanically translated to each other), although some may be more expressive than others.

In general, a less expressive subset of CL may be translated to a more expressive version of CL, but the reverse translation is only defined on a subset of the larger language.

The ISO Standard

Common Logic is published by ISO as "ISO/IEC 24707:2007 - Information technology — Common Logic (CL): a framework for a family of logic-based languages". It is available for purchase from ISO's catalog, and is freely available from ISO's index of publicly available standards.

The CL Standard includes specifications for three dialects, the Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF) (Annex A), the Conceptual Graph Interchange Format (CGIF) (Annex B), and an XML-based notation for Common Logic (XCL) (Annex C). The semantics of these dialects are defined in the Standard by their translation to the abstract syntax and semantics of Common Logic. Many other logic-based languages could also be defined as subsets of CL by means of similar translations; among them are the RDF and OWL languages, which have been defined by the W3C.

The ISO standard's development began in June 2003 under Working Group 2 (Metadata) of Sub-Committee 32 (Data Interchange) under ISO/IEC JTC1, and was completed in October 2007. A technical corrigendum, correcting some errors in the original standard, is being prepared at the time being.

Implementations

• There is an open-source project on SourceForge where anyone may participate.
• COLORE is a repository of Common Logic Ontologies
• Hets supports Common Logic (see the userguide)
• The Kojeware Samian platform supports Common Logic
• cltools is a prolog library with partial support for Common Logic
• ECLIF is an extension of CLIF that adds some features for things like aggregation but does not include some aspects of CLIF like formal namespaces. It is used for enterprise ontology implementations.

See also

• Conceptual graph
• Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF)
• List of constructed languages#Knowledge representation

External links

• Common Logic Mailman Mailing List
• Nabble Interface to the Common Logic Mailing List
• Github Site for Common Logic Edition Two Issues
• Ontolog Wiki Page for Common Logic Second Edition
• Github Site for Grammar of XML-based Common Logic Dialect XCL2
• Common Logic and the Horation Problem by Fabian Neuhaus and Pat Hayes
• Common Logic Standard
• Ontolog Wiki Page for Common Logic First Edition
• SCL: A LOGIC STANDARD FOR SEMANTIC INTEGRATION by Chris Menzel and Pat Hayes
• Conceptual Structures
• Conceptual Graphs
• Introduction to Common Logic by John Sowa, 2011