Whole Nation (Hebrew: עם שלם‎, Am Shalem) is an Israeli political party.

It was established on 14 April 2011 by Knesset member Haim Amsalem, five months after he was expelled from Shas, and took its name from the Hebrew translation of his surname.^[1] The party intends to run for the 19th Knesset, on a secular-religious unity platform. Its main goals are to bring the secular and religious sectors together, separating religion from politics but not from the state, encouraging the haredi sector to join the workforce, campaigning against communal segregation in haredi communities, and supporting IDF conversions. Shortly after its formation, the party announced that it would launch "Operation Ten Thousand", to get 10,000 new members to join the movement. It is chaired by Moshe Tzafarti.^[2]

References[link]

v t e Parliamentary political parties in Israel Kadima Likud Yisrael Beiteinu Shas Labor Independence United Torah Judaism Agudat Yisrael Degel HaTorah United Arab List-Ta'al National Union Eretz Yisrael Shelanu Moledet Hatikva Tkuma Hadash Maki Meretz The Jewish Home Balad Whole Nation Portal:Politics List of political parties Politics of Israel

A nation may refer to a community of people who share a common language, culture, ethnicity, descent, or history.^[1] In this definition, a nation has no physical borders. However, it can also refer to people who share a common territory and government (for example the inhabitants of a sovereign state) irrespective of their ethnic make-up.^[2][3] In international relations, nation can refer to a country or sovereign state.^[1] The word nation can more specifically refer to people of North American Indians, such as the Cherokee Nation that prefer this term over the contested term tribe.^[1]

According to Joseph Stalin writing in 1913 in Marxism and the National Question: "a nation is not a racial or tribal, but a historically constituted community of people;" "a nation is not a casual or ephemeral conglomeration, but a stable community of people;" "a common language is one of the characteristic features of a nation;" "a nation is formed only as a result of lengthy and systematic intercourse, as a result of people living together generation after generation;" "a common territory is one of the characteristic features of a nation;" "a common economic life, economic cohesion, is one of the characteristic features of a nation;" "a common psychological make-up, which manifests itself in a common culture, is one of the characteristic features of a nation;" "A nation is a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, and psychological make-up manifested in a common culture." According to Stalin, this would exclude Jews as they have no common territory.^[4]

An alternative view, expressed by Otto Bauer, author of Social Democracy and the Nationalities Question (1907), that "A nation is an aggregate of people bound into a community of character by a common destiny." would include Jews. R. Springer, author of The National Problem (1909), also cited by Stalin in his discussion of this matter, held similar views.^[4]

Etymology[link]

The word nation came to English from the Old French word nacion, which in turn originates from the Latin word natio (nātĭō) literally meaning "that which has been born".^[5]

As an example of how the word natio was employed in classical Latin, the following quote from Cicero's Philippics Against Mark Antony in 44 BC contrasts the external, inferior nationes ("races of people") with the Roman civitas ("community"):

"Omnes nationes servitutem ferre possunt: nostra civitas non potest."
("All races are able to bear enslavement, but our community cannot.")

— Cicero, Orationes: Pro Milone, Pro Marcello, Pro Ligario, Pro rege Deiotaro, Philippicae I-XIV^[6]

An early example of the use of the word "nation" (in conjunction with language and territory) was provided in 968 by Liutprand (the bishop of Cremona) who, while confronting the Byzantine emperor, Nicephorus II, on behalf of his patron Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, declared:

"The land...which you say belongs to your empire belongs, as the nationality and language of the people proves, to the kingdom of Italy.'"

— Liutprand, Relatio de legatione Constantinopolitana ad Nicephorum Phocam ^[7]

[edit] Medieval nationes

A significant early use of the term nation, as natio, occurred at mediaeval universities^[8] to describe the colleagues in a college or students, above all at the University of Paris, who were all born within a pays, spoke the same language and expected to be ruled by their own familiar law. In 1383 and 1384, while studying theology at Paris, Jean Gerson was elected twice as a procurator for the French natio. The University of Prague adopted the division of students into nationes: from its opening in 1349 the studium generale which consisted of Bohemian, Bavarian, Saxon and Polish nations.

In a similar way, the nationes were segregated by the Knights Hospitaller of Jerusalem, who maintained at Rhodes the hostels from which they took their name "where foreigners eat and have their places of meeting, each nation apart from the others, and a Knight has charge of each one of these hostels, and provides for the necessities of the inmates according to their religion", as the Spanish traveller Pedro Tafur noted in 1436.^[9]

See also[link]

References[link]

kn

Kirk Dwayne Franklin (born (1970-01-26)January 26, 1970) is an American Gospel music musician, choir director, and author, and is most notably known for leading urban contemporary gospel choirs such as The Family, God's Property and One Nation Crew (1NC).

Early years[link]

This section of a biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (February 2012)

A native of Fort Worth, Texas, Franklin was raised by his grandmother, Gertrude, having been abandoned as a baby by his mother.^{[1][dead link]} Gertrude collected and resold aluminum cans to raise money for Kirk to take piano lessons from the age of four. Kirk excelled in music, being able to read and write music, while also play by ear.

He received his first contract offer at the age of seven, which his aunt turned down.^[1] He joined the church choir and became music director of the Mt. Rose Baptist Church adult choir at the age of eleven.

Despite his strict religious upbringing, Franklin rebelled in his teenage years, and in an attempt to keep him out of trouble, his grandmother arranged an audition for him at a professional youth conservatory associated with a local university. He was accepted and, while his life seemed to be on track for a while, the announcement of a girlfriend's pregnancy and his eventual expulsion from school for behavioral problems proved otherwise.

After the shooting death of a friend,^[2] Franklin returned to the church, where he began to direct the choir once again. He also co-founded a gospel group, The Humble Hearts, which recorded one of Franklin's compositions and got the attention of gospel music legend Milton Biggham. Impressed, Biggham enlisted him to lead the DFW Mass Choir in a recording of Franklin's song "Every Day with Jesus." This led to Biggham hiring Franklin, just 20 years old at the time, to lead the choir at the 1990 Gospel Music Workshop of America Convention, a major industry gathering.^[1]

Professional background[link]

Kirk Franklin & The Family (1990s–2000)[link]

In 1992, Franklin organized "The Family", which is a seventeen-voice choir, formed from neighborhood friends and associates. In 1992, Vicki Mack-Lataillade, the co-founder of fledgling record label GospoCentric, heard one of their demo tapes and was so impressed she immediately signed up Kirk & The Family to a recording contract.

In 1993, the group, now known as "Kirk Franklin & The Family," released their debut album, Kirk Franklin & The Family. It spent almost two years on the Gospel music charts and charted on the R&B charts, eventually earning platinum sales status. It remained at No. 1 on the Billboard Top Gospel Albums chart for 42 weeks. It was the first gospel music album to sell over a million units.

Two years later, after releasing a 1994 Christmas album entitled Kirk Franklin & the Family Christmas, the group released Whatcha Lookin' 4 in 1995. The album was certified 2x platinum and earned Franklin his first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album. 1997 brought another album, a collaboration with the vocal ensemble God's Property, aptly named God's Property from Kirk Franklin's Nu Nation. The lead single, "Stomp", featuring Cheryl "Salt" James (of Salt-N-Pepa), was a huge hit, enjoying heavy rotation on MTV and other music channels, and charting at No. 1 on the R&B Singles Airplay chart for 2 weeks, even making it in to the Top 40. God's Property from Kirk Franklin's Nu Nation was No. 1 on the R&B Albums chart for 5 weeks, No. 3 on the Pop charts, and would go on to be certified 3x platinum. It also brought Franklin another Grammy for Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album, as well as three Grammy nominations.

In 1996, Franklin’s song "Joy" was recorded by Whitney Houston and the Georgia Mass Choir. With production by Houston and Mervyn Warren, the composition was included on the best-selling soundtrack to the movie The Preacher's Wife.

On November 2, 1998, God's Property sued Franklin. The lawsuit, filed in Los Angeles Superior Court, alleges that Franklin induced God's Property founder Linda Searight into signing an "onerous and one-sided" contract with B-Rite Music.^[3]

The Nu Nation Project was released in 1998.^[4] The first single, an interpretation of the Bill Withers song "Lean on Me" and produced by Franklin and pop producer Dan Shea, controversially featured several mainstream artists, including R. Kelly, Mary J. Blige and Bono of U2. Together with Crystal Lewis, and the Family, "Lean On Me" and the second single "Revolution" (featuring Rodney Jerkins) were considerable hits, and the album contained a version of another Withers song "Gonna Be a Lovely Day". The Nu Nation Project went on to top the Billboard Contemporary Christian Albums chart for 23 weeks and the Billboard Gospel Albums chart for 49 weeks, and brought Franklin his third Grammy.

In, 2000, The Family filed a multi-million dollar lawsuit for royalties for their work on The Nu Nation Project against Franklin and GospoCentric Records.^[5] This saw the end of the "Kirk Franklin & The Family" records, as Kirk went on to become a solo artist, except for his CD Kirk Franklin presents 1NC, which he did in collaboration with One Nation Crew, and was released that same year.

On January 16, 2010 at the 25th Annual Stellar Awards show taping, in Nashville, Tennessee, Kirk Franklin & The Family reunited briefly on stage to perform songs made popular by them in the 1990s.

Solo artist (2000–present)[link]

In 2001, Franklin ventured into new territory, scoring and producing the soundtrack for the film Kingdom Come. The soundtrack featured gospel artists Mary Mary, Crystal Lewis, and 1NC, as well as secular artists Az Yet, Jill Scott, Shawn Stockman of Boyz II Men and others. A notable song from the soundtrack was "Thank You" (Kirk Franklin feat Mary Mary).

2002's The Rebirth of Kirk Franklin topped the Gospel Albums chart for 29 weeks, was No. 1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and was certified Platinum. The album featured collaborations with Bishop T.D. Jakes, Shirley Caesar, Tobymac, Crystal Lewis, Jaci Velasquez, Papa San, Alvin Slaughter, and Yolanda Adams. This was Kirk's first major release not to garner him a Grammy Award.

On October 4, 2005, Hero was released in the United States. The album was certified Gold on December 2, 2005 (2005-12-02) and Platinum on December 14, 2006 (2006-12-14) by the Recording Industry Association of America.^[6] It made No. 1 on both the Billboard Top Christian and Top Gospel albums. The first single, "Looking for You", was a hit, as was the follow-up "Imagine Me", which made it onto the R&B Charts. In December 2006, Kirk Franklin won two 2007 Grammy Awards for Hero. Additionally, Hero was the 2007 Stellar Awards CD of the Year.^[7]

Kirk Franklin's 10th album, The Fight of My Life, was released in the United States on December 18, 2007 (2007-12-18). The album debuted on the Billboard 200 at No. 33 with 74,000 copies sold in the first week.^[8] It reached No. 1 on both the Billboard Top Gospel and Top Christian albums charts, and also peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Chart.^[9][10] The first single, "Declaration (This is It)," was released on October 23, 2007 (2007-10-23) and peaked at No. 35 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs Chart.^[10] The album features guest appearances from Rance Allen, Isaac Carree, TobyMac, Da' T.R.U.T.H., Doug Williams, and Melvin Williams. The song "Jesus" was released as the album's second single in 2008 and was sent to Urban AC radio on July 15, 2008. In January 2010 after Haiti had a devastating earthquake, Kirk Franklin got an ensemble of gospel artists together to sing the song he wrote, called "Are You Listening". They included: Yolanda Adams, Jeremy Camp, Shirley Caesar, Dorinda Clark-Cole, Natalie Grant, Fred Hammond, Tamela Mann, David Mann, Mary Mary, Donnie McClurkin, Bishop Paul S. Morton, J. Moss, Smokie Norful, Marvin Sapp, Karen Clark-Sheard, Kierra Sheard, BeBe Winans, Cece Winans, and Marvin Winans.

Kirk Franklin is currently host and co-executive producer of the BET original series, "Sunday Best."^[11] Franklin's eleventh studio album called Hello Fear was released on March 22, 2011.^[12] The album features Marvin Sapp, Mali Music, Marvin Winans, John P. Kee and Rance Allen. The first single off the album is "I Smile", which peaked at No. 85 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it his first appearance on that chart in six years.

Personal life[link]

On January 20, 1996, Franklin married long-time friend Tammy Collins.^[1] When they wed, they each had one child from previous relationships: Kirk's son Kerrion, born in 1988, and Tammy's daughter Carrington, born in 1989.^[13] As a couple, they have two children: Kennedy, born in 1997, and Caziah, born in 2000.^[14] In 2006, Franklin appeared with his wife on "The Oprah Winfrey Show.^[14][15]

Discography[link]

Awards[link]

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Franklin, Kirk (1998) [1998-10-1]. Church Boy. Thomas Nelson. ISBN 0-8499-4050-8. 
• Waldron, Clarence (2007-10-29). "Kirk Franklin's new mission: finding gospel's next superstar and boosting the music's appeal". Jet (Magazine/Journal) 112 (17): 60(5) 
• Slagle, Dana (2005-12-26). "Kirk Franklin healed from 20-year addiction; filled with Christmas joy". Jet (Magazine/Journal) 108 (26): 52(6) 
• "Kirk Franklin's Joyful Noise". Guideposts. 1997 

External links[link]

• Official website
• Kirk Franklin at the Internet Movie Database
• Kirk Franklin at Allmusic
• One Nation Crew at Allmusic
• Kirk Franklin Biography
• Another Kirk Franklin's Biography

Mohammad Ashraful (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ আশরাফুল) (born 7 July 1984) is a Bangladeshi international cricket player and has represented the Bangladesh national cricket team. A top-order batsman with a penchant for flashy strokeplay, he has also been selected to represent ACC Asia XI ODI side. Between 2007 and 2009, Ashraful captained his country in 13 Tests, losing all but one which ended in a draw, and 38 One Day Internationals (ODIs) of which Bangladesh won eight. Ashraful is Bangladesh's second-highest run-scorer in both Tests and ODIs.^[2][3] When not playing with the national team, Ashraful plays domestic cricket for the Dhaka Division cricket team in Bangladesh's domestic one-day and first-class competitions, captaining both sides on occasion.

Career[link]

Ashraful made his first-class debut on 22 November 2000, playing for Dhaka Metropolis cricket team. He opened the batting, scoring 41 and 6; Ashraful also claimed five wickets for 59 runs in the first innings with his leg-spin bowling.^[4] Three days later Ashraful made his list A debut, again playing for Dhaka Metropolis and opening the batting he scored 22 and took two wickets as his team won the match.^[5] Ashraful scored his maiden first-class century in his second match, making 101 against Khulna Division.^[6] The seven wickets Ashraful took for 99 runs in a match against Chittagong Division in January 2001 remain his best bowling figures.^[7][8] Over the course of the season he played ten first-class matches – scoring 585 runs at an average of 30.78, including two centuries,^[9] and taking 39 wickets at an average of 25.48, including three five-wicket hauls.^[10] He also played nine list A matches, scoring 85 runs^[11] and taking four wickets.^[12]

Ashraful made his ODI debut against Zimbabwe on 11 April 2001, where he made 9 runs and Bangladesh lost the match by 36 runs. He took his first international wicket in the match, that of Andy Flower.^[13]

Sinhalese Sports Club Ground, where Ashraful made his Test debut on 6 September 2001 and became the youngest player to score a century in Test cricket.

Ashraful made his Test debut on 6 September 2001 against Sri Lanka. He top-scored in each innings, and although Bangladesh slumped to an innings defeat, Ashraful scored 114, and in the process became the youngest player to score a Test century, beating Mushtaq Mohammad's record, and was named man of the match.^{[nb 1][16]} In the process, he became just the second Bangladesh player to score a Test century on debut, the first since Aminul Islam Bulbul in 2000 during Bangladesh's first Test.^[17] Trevor Chappell, a former coach of Bangladesh's national side, commented that "His determination, commitment and attention to detail would put a mature and an established person to shame. The manner he concentrates on his batting made me believe that the lad is destined to have a long cricketing journey."^[18] Following the century, Ashraful began receiving high expectations. However, a prolonged string of poor performances and soft dismissals resulted in him being dropped from the national team.

He had a poor first World Cup – the 2003 Cricket World Cup – making 71 runs at an average of 14.20, with Bangladesh being eliminated in the Group Stage.

In February and March 2004, Bangladesh toured of Zimbabwe. At the time, Zimbabwe were without many of their senior players, but still won the Test series 1–0 and the ODI series 2–1.^[19] The solitary ODI victory was Bangladesh's first international win since defeating Pakistan in the 1999 World Cup; Ashraful scored 51 runs from 32 balls in the match and was named man of the match.^[20] Ashraful returned to the team in December 2004 against the Indian cricket team and scored his second century, 158 not out, claiming the record for the highest individual Test score by a Bangladeshi.^[21] India's captain, Sourav Ganguly, described the innings as one of the best Test innings he had seen.^[18]

In May and June 2005, Bangladesh toured England for a two-Test series against the hosts and a triangular ODI tournament involving England Australia. Although they won just one ODI out of six, their solitary victory against Australia was described by Wisden as "the biggest upset in one-day international history".^[22] Ashraful scored 100 to help his side to victory and was named Man of the Match for his efforts. He scored two more half centuries in the series,^[22] finishing with 259 runs at an average of 43.16, making him third-highest run-getter for the series.^[23]

In 2006 he scored his third century, with 136 in the first test against Sri Lanka.

In November 2006 he set a league record score of 263, against Chittagong Division for Bangladeshi first-class cricket – although this record has since been bettered by Raqibul Hasan.^[24]

Ashraful was selected for the Asian squad in the inaugural Afro-Asia Cup. With bowler Mashrafe Mortaza, he was one of two Bangladeshi players in the 15-man squad.^[25] Ashraful played in two of the matches, but failed to score a run.^[26]

Sonargaon Cricketers, a new team in the Dhaka Premier Division League for the 2005/06 season,^[27] signed Ashraful and Mohammad Rafique. The team lost four of its first five games and sought a change of leadership in an attempt to improve its results. Ashraful was appointed captain at a time when the club was facing relegation. Under his leadership, Sonargaon finished second in the league. The opening match of the two-Test series against Sri Lanka in February and March 2006 was played at Chittagong Divisional Stadium, the first international match the ground hosted.^[28] He scored 136 in the first innings, bringing up his third Test century; he received the man of the match award, although Sri Lanka won by eight wickets.^[29] Bangladesh lost the second Test by ten wickets and the series 2 0, with Ashraful managing 37 runs in the match and claimed the wicket of Mahela Jayawardene.^[30]

He played for Rainhill CC in a local cricket league in England.^[31]

The West Indies hosted the 2007 Cricket World Cup in March and April; Ashraful was included in the 15-man squad led by Habibul Bashar.^[32] Bangladesh made it to the second stage of the competition and finished seventh.^[33] Along the way the team caused an upset by India to help knock them out of the tournament.^[34] Ashraful scored 87 runs from 83 balls against South Africa in the course of Bangladesh's 67-run victory. His innings was the highest score by a Bangladesh player in World Cups and he was named man of the match for the performance.^[35] With 216 runs from 9 matches at an average of 36, Ashraful was Bangladesh's highest run-scorer in the tournament.^[36]

On 6 February 2009, Ashraful took part in a player auction for the 2009 Indian Premier League. The Mumbai Indians bought him for his base price of US$ 75,000, but he only played one game and scored just 2 runs.^[37]

Bangladesh captaincy (2007–2009)[link]

Shortly after the World Cup, India toured Bangladesh for two Test matches and three ODIs. In the second Test, which Bangladesh lost by an innings and 239 runs, Ashraful scored the fastest half-century in Test cricket in terms of time (taking 27 minutes) and equal second-fastest when measured in balls faced (scored off 26 balls).^[41][42] Aside from the 67 he managed in one of the fastest half-centuries in Test cricket, Ashraful managed just five more runs in the series;^[43] in two ODIs, he scored 41 runs.^[44] After defeats in both series, Habibul Bashar stepped down from Bangladesh's one day captaincy; Mohammad Ashraful was appointed the team captain in all forms of cricket on 2 June 2007. At the time, he had played 35 Test and 101 ODIs and had some experience of captaincy at domestic level. Aged 22, he was the second-youngest international captain^[45]

Ashraful and Mortaza took on these roles from the start of the Sri Lanka tour in June 2007. Whatmore had declined to extend his contract and Shaun Williams took over as coach on a temporary basis. Bangladesh lost all three Tests by an innings; in a series in which his teams batsmen struggled – in the second Test they registered their lowest scored in an innings (62) – Ashraful scored the most runs for Bangladesh with 218 at an average of 43.^[46] In the second Test Ashraful combined with wicketkeeper Mushfiqur Rahim to score 191 for the sixth wicket, establishing a record for Bangladesh,^[47] and Ashraful scored 129 not out.^[48] Bangladesh also lost the three-match ODI series that followed 3–0.^[46] In September 2007 South Africa hosted the ICC World Twenty20. Victory against West Indies in the first round was enough to ensure Bangladesh's progression to the second round, although it was the only one of their five matches they won. In the match against West Indies, Ashraful scored a record-breaking half-century, coming off just 20 deliveries it was at the time the fastest T20I half-century in terms of balls faced; he held onto the record for six days before Yuvraj Singh claimed it in a match against England (his 50 took just 12 balls).^[49][50]

During the first Test match of South Africa's 2007–08 tour, Ashraful dismissed AB de Villiers in very unusual fashion: after the ball left his hand it bounced twice, at which point de Villiers attempted to hit the ball but instead sent it straight up instead.^[51] Ashraful caught the ball and, despite de Villiers standing his ground, umpire Steve Bucknor confirmed the dismissal. The dismissal was legal per Law 24, section 6 of the Laws of cricket which state the ball must bounce more than twice or roll along the ground to be deemed a no-ball.^[52][53]

Mohammad Ashraful created some controversy in March 2008 when he slapped a fan who called him "rubbish" while he was training at an indoor stadium in Dhaka. This happened at a time when Ashraful was being heavily criticised in the media for his poor form with the bat and questionable tactics on the field as captain. The BCB fined him 25% of his salary for the month of March 2008 for violating the Code of Conduct. He later apologised for the incident.^[54]

After an extended run of poor form and Bangladesh's first-round exit in the World Twenty20 2009, Ashraful was sacked as captain in June 2009. He was replaced by Mashrafe Mortaza for the tour of West Indies, with Shakib Al Hasan taking the position of vice-captain. It was hoped that Ashraful could climb out of the batting form slump in all formats in the international game with the release of the pressure of the captaincy.^[55]

Post-captaincy (2009–present)[link]

Mohammad Ashraful walking in to bat at Lords in a Test match against England in 2010. He scored 50 runs in the two-Test series.^[56]

Ashraful was dropped when England toured Bangladesh in February and March 2010. He was recalled for Bangladesh's tour of England two months later. He struggled in June's 2010 Asia Cup, and was subsequently dropped; he was recalled for the ODI leg of the England tour due to injuries to the squad.^[57] After a poor run of form, Ashraful was dropped for ODI series against New Zealand in October 2010.^[58] Though he was out of the squad, the following month when the BCB announced its central contracts for the coming year Ashraful was one of six players given the highest level of contract (A+).^[57] He returned to domestic cricket, scoring a century for Dhaka Division in the opening match of the National Cricket League.^[59] Dhaka won the one-day competition, and Ashraful, who was the second-highest run-getter with 331 runs and claimed 7 wickets from 7 matches,^[60][61] was named player of the tournament.^[62] The West Indies toured in October, but after scoring just two runs in as many matches in the ODI series against them,^[63] Ashraful was dropped from the Test squad.^[64]

Medal record
Men's Cricket
Competitor for  Bangladesh
Asian Games
Gold	2010 Guangzhou	Team

Ashraful captained Bangladesh at the 2010 Asian Games in late November.^[65] They played Afghanistan in the final; Bangladesh won by five wickets, securing the country's first gold medal at the Asian Games.^[66] Shortly after winning the tournament, Ashraful was recalled to Bangladesh's full squad for the five-match ODI series against Zimbabwe in December.^[67] Though they lost the first match, Bangladesh went on to win the next three completed, with one called off due to rain, to beat Zimbabwe 3–1.^[68] Ashraful played one match, scoring six runs.^[69] He was included in Bangladesh's 15-man squad for the 2011 World Cup.^[70] From three matches Ashraful managed 18 runs and was dropped from the squad for the three-match ODI series against Australia that followed.^[71]

In April he captained Bangladesh A on a tour of South Africa and his performances, including striking a one-day century,^[72][73] earned him a recall to the senior squad to face Zimbabwe in August.^[74] In the one-off Test, Ashraful scored the most runs for his team with an aggregate of 112, including a half-century as Bangladesh succumbed to defeat.^[75] Bangladesh lost the following ODI series against Zimbabwe 3–2. Bangladesh's batsmen struggled early in the series,^[76] and Ashraful scored 23 runs from three matches.^[77] For the 2011/12 season, the National Cricket League of Bangladesh was expanded from six first-class teams to eight. Dhaka Metropolis and Rangpur Division were the new teams, with Ashraful captaining the former.^[78] Though he scored his first first-class century in over a year in the competition, Ashraful was dropped from the ODI squad to face Pakistan in December.^[79] He was retained in the Test side for the Pakistan series, but was dropped after the first Test, in which he scored only one run.^[80] During a match in the Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League in January 2012, Ashraful was involved in an incident with Tamim Iqbal that led to the latter being banned for one match and fined.^[81]

The Bangladesh Cricket Board founded the six-team Bangladesh Premier League in 2012, a twenty20 tournament to be held in February that year. The BCB made Ashraful the 'icon player' for Dhaka Gladiators.^[82] Dhaka won the tournament, and in twelve matches Ashraful scored 258 runs, making him the BPL's second highest run-scorer amongst Bangladesh batsmen.^[83] When the BCB announced its central contracts for 2012, Ashraful's A+ contract was not renewed.^[84]

Career statistics[link]

An innings-by-innings breakdown of Ashraful's Test match batting career up to March 2008, showing runs scored (red bars) and the average of the last ten innings (blue line).

Test centuries

ODI centuries

Notes[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Cricinfo Profile
• Mohammad Ashraful's Profile on BanglaCricket
• Ashraful's battle to make his mark by S.Rajesh

v t e Bangladesh squad – 2003 Cricket World Cup 1 Khaled Mashud (w) 2 Al Sahariar 3 Alok Kapali 4 Akram Khan 5 Habibul Bashar 6 Hannan Sarkar 7 Ehsanul Haque 8 Sanwar Hossain 9 Khaled Mahmud 10 Manjural Islam 11 Mashrafe Mortaza 12 Mohammad Ashraful 13 Mohammad Rafique 14 Talha Jubair 15 Tapash Baisya 16 Tushar Imran Coach: Mohsin Kamal & Ali Zia

v t e Bangladesh squad – 2007 Cricket World Cup 2 Mashrafe Mortaza 5 Javed Omar 7 Habibul Bashar (c) 15 Mushfiqur Rahim (w) 19 Tapash Baisya 29 Tamim Iqbal 35 Rajin Saleh 41 Abdur Razzak 42 Shahriar Nafees 47 Syed Rasel 59 Shahadat Hossain 75 Shakib Al Hasan 76 Farhad Reza 77 Mohammad Rafique 97 Aftab Ahmed 98 Mohammad Ashraful Coach: Whatmore

v t e Bangladesh squad – 2011 Cricket World Cup 1 Shakib Al Hasan (c) 2 Tamim Iqbal 3 Imrul Kayes 4 Junaid Siddique 5 Shahriar Nafees 6 Raqibul Hasan 7 Mohammad Ashraful 8 Mushfiqur Rahim (wk) 9 Naeem Islam 10 Mahmudullah 11 Abdur Razzaq 12 Rubel Hossain 13 Shafiul Islam 14 Nazmul Hossain 15 Suhrawadi Shuvo Coach: Siddons

Salman Khan
Salman Khan walking the ramp for Sanjana John
Born	Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan (1965-12-27) 27 December 1965 (age 46) Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Residence	Bandra, Mumbai
Other names	Sallu
Occupation	Film actor, television presenter and philanthropist
Years active	1988–present
Parents	Salim Khan Salma Khan
Relatives	Arbaaz Khan (brother) Sohail Khan (brother) Helen Richardson (step-mother)

Salman Khan (pronunciation : [səlˈmaːn ˈxaːn]; born Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan on 27 December 1965)^[1] is an Indian film actor. He has starred in more than 80 Hindi films.

Khan, who made his acting debut with a minor role in the drama Biwi Ho To Aisi (1988), had his first commercial success with the blockbuster Maine Pyar Kiya (1989), for which he won a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He went on to star in some successful Hindi films of those times, such as Saajan (1991), Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994), Karan Arjun (1995), Judwaa (1997), Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya (1998) and Biwi No.1 (1999), having appeared in the highest earning films of seven separate years during his career.^[2]

In 1999, Khan won a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for his extended appearance in Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), and since then has starred in several critical and commercial successes, including Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (1999), Tere Naam (2003), Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004), No Entry (2005), Partner (2007), Wanted (2009), Dabangg (2010), Ready (2011) and Bodyguard (2011), which has become the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of all-time. Khan has thus established himself as one of the most successful actors of Hindi cinema.^[3][4][5]