July 26

July 26 is the 207th day of the year (208th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 158 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Friday or Saturday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Monday or Wednesday (56).

Events

• 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
• 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriously wounded.
• 920 – Rout of an alliance of Christian troops from Navarre and Léon against the Muslims at Pamplona.
• 1309 – Henry VII is recognized King of the Romans by Pope Clement V.
• 1469 – Wars of the Roses: The Battle of Edgecote Moor, pitting the forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick against those of Edward IV of England, takes place.
• 1509 – The Emperor Krishnadevaraya ascends to the throne, marking the beginning of the regeneration of the Vijayanagara Empire.
• 1581 – Plakkaat van Verlatinghe (Act of Abjuration): The northern Low Countries declare their independence from the Spanish king, Philip II.
• 1745 – The first recorded women's cricket match takes place near Guildford, England.
• 1758 – French and Indian War: The Siege of Louisbourg ends with British forces defeating the French and taking control of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
• 1775 – The office that would later become the United States Post Office Department is established by the Second Continental Congress.
• 1788 – New York ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 11th state of the United States.
• 1803 – The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London, United Kingdom.
• 1822 – José de San Martín arrives in Guayaquil, Ecuador, to meet with Simón Bolívar.
• 1822 – First day of the three-day Battle of Dervenakia, between the Ottoman Empire force led by Mahmud Dramali Pasha and the Greek Revolutionary force led by Theodoros Kolokotronis.
• 1847 – Liberia declares its independence.
• 1857 – Siege of Arrah begins - 68 men hold out for 8 days against over 2000 mutinying Sepoys
• 1861 – American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan's Raid ends; At Salineville, Ohio, Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and 360 of his volunteers are captured by Union forces.
• 1882 – Premiere of Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal at Bayreuth.
• 1882 – The Republic of Stellaland is founded in Southern Africa.
• 1887 – Publication of the Unua Libro, founding the Esperanto movement.
• 1890 – In Buenos Aires, Argentina the Revolución del Parque takes place, forcing President Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman's resignation.
• 1891 – France annexes Tahiti.
• 1897 – Anglo-Afghan War: The Pashtun fakir Saidullah leads an army of more than 10,000 to begin a siege of the British garrison in the Malakand Agency of the North West Frontier Province of India.
• 1908 – United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation).
• 1914 – Serbia and Bulgaria interrupt diplomatic relationship.
• 1936 – The Axis powers decide to intervene in the Spanish Civil War.
• 1936 – King Edward VIII, in one of his few official duties before he abdicates the thrоne, officially unveils the Canadian National Vimy Memorial.
• 1937 – End of the Battle of Brunete in the Spanish Civil War.
• 1941 – World War II: In response to the Japanese occupation of French Indochina, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the seizure of all Japanese assets in the United States.
• 1944 – World War II: The Soviet Army enters Lviv, a major city in western Ukraine, capturing it from the Nazis. Only 300 Jews survive out of 160,000 living in Lviv prior to occupation.
• 1945 – The Labour Party wins the United Kingdom general election of July 5 by a landslide, removing Winston Churchill from power.
• 1945 – The Potsdam Declaration is signed in Potsdam, Germany.
• 1945 – HMS Vestal is the last British Royal Navy ship to be sunk in the Second World War
• 1945 – The United States Navy cruiser USS Indianapolis arrives at Tinian with parts of the warhead for the Hiroshima atomic bomb.
• 1946 – Aloha Airlines begins service from Honolulu International Airport
• 1947 – Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act of 1947 into United States law creating the Central Intelligence Agency, United States Department of Defense, United States Air Force, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the United States National Security Council.
• 1948 – U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs Executive Order 9981 desegregating the military of the United States.
• 1951 – Walt Disney's 13th animated film, Alice in Wonderland, premieres in London, England, United Kingdom.
• 1952 – King Farouk of Egypt abdicates in favor of his son Fuad.
• 1953 – Fidel Castro leads an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks, thus beginning the Cuban Revolution. The movement took the name of the date: 26th of July Movement
• 1953 – Arizona Governor John Howard Pyle orders an anti-polygamy law enforcement crackdown on residents of Short Creek, Arizona, which becomes known as the Short Creek raid.
• 1953 – Soldiers from the 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment repel a number of Chinese assaults against a key position known as The Hook during the Battle of the Samichon River, just hours before the Armistice Agreement is signed, ending the Korean War.
• 1956 – Following the World Bank's refusal to fund building the Aswan Dam, Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal, sparking international condemnation.
• 1957 – Carlos Castillo Armas, dictator of Guatemala, is assassinated.
• 1958 – Explorer program: Explorer 4 is launched.
• 1963 – Syncom 2, the world's first geosynchronous satellite, is launched from Cape Canaveral on a Delta B booster.
• 1963 – An earthquake in Skopje, Yugoslavia (now in Macedonia) leaves 1,100 dead.
• 1963 – The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development votes to admit Japan.
• 1965 – Full independence is granted to the Maldives.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: South Vietnamese opposition leader Trương Đình Dzu is sentenced to five years hard labor for advocating the formation of a coalition government as a way to move toward an end to the war.
• 1971 – Apollo program: Launch of Apollo 15 on the first Apollo "J-Mission", and first use of a Lunar Roving Vehicle.
• 1971 – Nicolette Milnes-Walker completes sailing non-stop single-handedly across the Atlantic, becoming the first woman to successfully do so.
• 1974 – Greek Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis forms the country's first civil government after seven years of military rule.
• 1977 – The National Assembly of Quebec imposes the use of French as the official language of the provincial government.
• 1989 – A federal grand jury indicts Cornell University student Robert T. Morris, Jr. for releasing the Morris worm, thus becoming the first person to be prosecuted under the 1986 Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.
• 1990 – The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is signed into law by President George Bush.
• 1999 – Kargil conflict officially comes to an end. Indian Army announces complete eviction of Pakistani intruders.The day has since been marked as Kargil Vijay Diwas (Kargil Victory Day) in India.
• 2005 – Space Shuttle program: STS-114 Mission: Launch of Discovery, NASA's first scheduled flight mission after the Columbia Disaster in 2003.
• 2005 – Mumbai, India receives 99.5cm of rain (39.17 inches) within 24 hours, resulting in floods killing over 5,000 people.
• 2007 – Shambo, a black cow in Wales that had been adopted by the local Hindu community, is slaughtered due to a bovine tuberculosis infection, causing widespread controversy.
• 2008 – Fifty-six people are killed and over 200 people are injured in 21 bomb blasts in Ahmedabad bombing in India.
• 2009 – The militant Nigerian Islamist group Boko Haram attacks a police station in Bauchi, leading to reprisals by the Nigeria Police Force and four days of violence across multiple cities.
• 2013 – A gunman kills six people in Hialeah, Florida, and gets fatally shot by police.
• 2016 – Sagamihara stabbings occurs in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan and 19 people are killed.
• 2016 – Hillary Clinton became the first female nominee for President of the United States by a major political party at the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia.

Births

• 1030 – Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Polish bishop and saint (d. 1079)
• 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman sultan (d. 1640)
• 1678 – Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1711)
• 1711 – Lorenz Christoph Mizler, German physician, mathematician, and historian (d. 1778)
• 1739 – George Clinton, American general and politician, 4th Vice President of the United States (d. 1812)
• 1782 – John Field, Irish pianist and composer (d. 1837)
• 1791 – Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, Austrian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1844)
• 1796 – George Catlin, American painter, author, and traveler (d. 1872)
• 1802 – Mariano Arista, Mexican general and politician, 42nd President of Mexico (d. 1855)
• 1819 – Justin Holland, American guitarist and educator (d. 1887)
• 1829 – Auguste Beernaert, Belgian politician, 14th Prime Minister of Belgium, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1912)
• 1841 – Carl Robert Jakobson, Estonian journalist and politician (d. 1882)
• 1842 – Alfred Marshall, English economist and academic (d. 1924)
• 1844 – Stefan Drzewiecki, Ukrainian-Polish engineer and journalist (d. 1938)
• 1846 – Texas Jack Omohundro, American hunter and actor (d. 1880)
• 1854 – Philippe Gaucher, French dermatologist and academic (d. 1918)
• 1855 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1936)
• 1856 – George Bernard Shaw, Irish playwright and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
• 1858 – Tom Garrett, Australian cricketer and lawyer (d. 1943)
• 1863 – Jāzeps Vītols, Latvian composer (d. 1948)
• 1865 – Philipp Scheidemann, German journalist and politician, 10th Chancellor of Germany (d. 1939)
• 1865 – Rajanikanta Sen, Indian poet and composer (d. 1910)
• 1874 – Serge Koussevitzky, Russian-American bassist, composer, and conductor (d. 1951)
• 1875 – Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist (d. 1961)
• 1875 – Antonio Machado, Spanish poet and academic (d. 1939)
• 1878 – Ernst Hoppenberg, German swimmer and water polo player (d. 1937)
• 1879 – Shunroku Hata, Japanese field marshal and politician, 48th Japanese Minister of War (d. 1962)
• 1880 – Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian playwright and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Ukrainian People's Republic (d. 1951)
• 1885 – André Maurois, French soldier and author (d. 1967)
• 1886 – Lars Hanson, Swedish actor (d. 1965)
• 1888 – Reginald Hands, South African cricketer and rugby player (d. 1918)
• 1890 – Daniel J. Callaghan, American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1942)
• 1892 – Sad Sam Jones, American baseball player and manager (d. 1966)
• 1893 – George Grosz, German painter and illustrator (d. 1959)
• 1894 – Aldous Huxley, English novelist and philosopher (d. 1963)
• 1895 – Gracie Allen, American actress and singer (d. 1964)
• 1895 – Jane Bunford, English giant (d. 1922)
• 1896 – Tim Birkin, English soldier and race car driver (d. 1933)
• 1897 – Harold D. Cooley, American lawyer and politician (d. 1974)
• 1897 – Paul Gallico, American journalist and author (d. 1976)
• 1903 – Estes Kefauver, American lawyer and politician (d. 1963)
• 1904 – Edwin Albert Link, American industrialist and entrepreneur, invented the flight simulator (d. 1981)
• 1906 – Irena Iłłakowicz, German-Polish lieutenant (d. 1943)
• 1908 – Lucien Wercollier, Luxembourger sculptor (d. 2002)
• 1909 – Peter Thorneycroft, Baron Thorneycroft, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1994)
• 1909 – Vivian Vance, American actress and singer (d. 1979)
• 1913 – Kan Yuet-keung, Hong Kong banker, lawyer, and politician (d. 2012)
• 1914 – C. Farris Bryant, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Governor of Florida (d. 2002)
• 1914 – Erskine Hawkins, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Ellis Kinder, American baseball player (d. 1968)
• 1916 – Dean Brooks, American physician and actor (d. 2013)
• 1916 – Jaime Luiz Coelho, Brazilian archbishop (d. 2013)
• 1916 – Herbert Norkus, German Hitler Youth member (d. 1932)
• 1917 – Alberta Adams, American singer (d. 2014)
• 1918 – Marjorie Lord, American actress (d. 2015)
• 1919 – Virginia Gilmore, American actress (d. 1986)
• 1919 – James Lovelock, English biologist and chemist
• 1920 – Bob Waterfield, American football player and coach (d. 1983)
• 1921 – Tom Saffell, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Jean Shepherd, American radio host, actor, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
• 1922 – Blake Edwards, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
• 1922 – Jim Foglesong, American record producer (d. 2013)
• 1922 – Jason Robards, American actor (d. 2000)
• 1923 – Jan Berenstain, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Hoyt Wilhelm, American baseball player and coach (d. 2002)
• 1925 – Jerzy Einhorn, Polish-Swedish physician and politician (d. 2000)
• 1925 – Joseph Engelberger, American physicist and engineer (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Gene Gutowski, Polish-American producer (d. 2016)
• 1925 – Ana María Matute, Spanish author and academic (d. 2014)
• 1926 – James Best, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1927 – Gulabrai Ramchand, Indian cricketer (d. 2003)
• 1928 – Don Beauman, English race car driver (d. 1955)
• 1928 – Francesco Cossiga, Italian academic and politician, 8th President of Italy (d. 2010)
• 1928 – Elliott Erwitt, French-American photographer and director
• 1928 – Ibn-e-Safi, Indian-Pakistani author and poet (d. 1980)
• 1928 – Stanley Kubrick, American director, producer, screenwriter, and cinematographer (d. 1999)
• 1928 – Peter Lougheed, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Alberta (d. 2012)
• 1928 – Sally Oppenheim-Barnes, Baroness Oppenheim-Barnes, English politician
• 1928 – Bernice Rubens, Welsh author (d. 2004)
• 1929 – Marc Lalonde, Canadian lawyer and politician, 34th Canadian Minister of Justice
• 1929 – Joe Jackson, American talent manager, father of the Jackson family
• 1929 – Alexis Weissenberg, Bulgarian-French pianist and educator (d. 2012)
• 1930 – Plínio de Arruda Sampaio, Brazilian lawyer and politician (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Barbara Jefford, English actress
• 1931 – Telê Santana, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2006)
• 1933 – Lance Percival, English actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1933 – Igor Plechanov, Russian motorcycle racer (d. 2007)
• 1933 – Yomo Toro, Puerto Rican-American guitarist and composer (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Tommy McDonald, American football player
• 1936 – Tsutomu Koyama, Japanese volleyball player and coach (d. 2012)
• 1936 – Lawrie McMenemy, English footballer and manager
• 1938 – Bobby Hebb, American singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
• 1938 – Keith Peters, Welsh physician and academic
• 1939 – Jun Henmi, Japanese author and poet (d. 2011)
• 1939 – John Howard, Australian lawyer and politician, 25th Prime Minister of Australia
• 1939 – Bob Lilly, American football player and photographer
• 1939 – Richard Marlow, English organist and conductor (d. 2013)
• 1940 – Dobie Gray, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2011)
• 1940 – Brian Mawhinney, Baron Mawhinney, Irish academic and politician, Secretary of State for Transport
• 1940 – Bobby Rousseau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1940 – Tolis Voskopoulos, Greek singer-songwriter and actor
• 1941 – Jean Baubérot, French historian and sociologist
• 1941 – Darlene Love, American singer
• 1942 – Vladimír Mečiar, Slovak politician, 1st Prime Minister of Slovakia
• 1942 – Teddy Pilette, Belgian race car driver
• 1943 – Peter Hyams, American director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
• 1943 – Mick Jagger, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (The Rolling Stones and SuperHeavy)
• 1945 – Betty Davis, American singer-songwriter
• 1945 – Helen Mirren, English actress and producer
• 1946 – Emilio de Villota, Spanish race car driver
• 1948 – Luboš Andršt, Czech guitarist and songwriter (Energit and Framus Five)
• 1948 – Herbert Wiesinger, German figure skater
• 1949 – Thaksin Shinawatra, Thai businessman and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Thailand
• 1949 – Roger Taylor, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and producer (Queen, The Cross, and Smile)
• 1950 – Nelinho, Brazilian footballer and manager
• 1950 – Nicholas Evans, English journalist, screenwriter, and producer
• 1950 – Susan George, English actress and producer
• 1950 – Anne Rafferty, English lawyer and judge
• 1950 – Rich Vogler, American race car driver (d. 1990)
• 1951 – Rick Martin, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2011)
• 1952 – Glynis Breakwell, English psychologist and academic
• 1953 – Felix Magath, German footballer and manager
• 1953 – Robert Phillips, American guitarist
• 1953 – Henk Bleker, Dutch politician
• 1953 – Earl Tatum, American professional basketball player
• 1954 – Vitas Gerulaitis, American tennis player and coach (d. 1994)
• 1955 – Aleksandrs Starkovs, Latvian footballer and coach
• 1955 – Asif Ali Zardari, Pakistani businessman and politician, 11th President of Pakistan
• 1956 – Peter Fincham, English screenwriter and producer
• 1956 – Dorothy Hamill, American figure skater
• 1956 – Tommy Rich, American wrestler
• 1956 – Tim Tremlett, English cricketer and coach
• 1957 – Norman Baker, Scottish politician
• 1957 – Yuen Biao, Hong Kong actor and martial artist
• 1957 – Hart Hanson, American screenwriter and producer
• 1957 – Nana Visitor, American actress
• 1958 – Monti Davis, American basketball player (d. 2013)
• 1958 – Angela Hewitt, Canadian-English pianist
• 1958 – Thierry Gilardi, French sportscaster (d. 2008)
• 1959 – Rick Bragg, American author and journalist
• 1959 – Tom McGowan, American actor
• 1959 – Kevin Spacey, American actor and director
• 1961 – Gary Cherone, American singer-songwriter (Extreme, Van Halen, Tribe of Judah, and Hurtsmile)
• 1961 – Andy Connell, English keyboard player and songwriter (Swing Out Sister and A Certain Ratio)
• 1961 – Felix Dexter, Caribbean-English comedian and actor (d. 2013)
• 1961 – Cholo Laurel, Filipino director and screenwriter
• 1961 – Dimitris Saravakos, Greek footballer
• 1962 – Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh, Irish singer and fiddler (Altan, T with the Maggies, and String Sisters)
• 1963 – Jeff Stoughton, Canadian curler
• 1964 – Sandra Bullock, American actress and producer
• 1964 – Ralf Metzenmacher, German painter and designer
• 1964 – Anne Provoost, Belgian author
• 1965 – Jeremy Piven, American actor and producer
• 1967 – Martin Baker, English organist and conductor
• 1967 – Tim Schafer, American video game designer, founded Double Fine Productions
• 1967 – Jason Statham, English actor
• 1968 – Frédéric Diefenthal, French actor and director
• 1968 – Jim Naismith, Scottish biologist and academic
• 1968 – Olivia Williams, English actress
• 1969 – Greg Colbrunn, American baseball player and coach
• 1969 – Tanni Grey-Thompson, Welsh wheelchair racer and politician
• 1970 – Joan Wasser, American singer-songwriter and violinist (The Dambuilders, Those Bastard Souls, and Antony and the Johnsons)
• 1971 – Khaled Mahmud, Bangladeshi cricketer and coach
• 1971 – Scott Cawthon, American independent video game developer and animator
• 1972 – Nathan Buckley, Australian footballer and coach
• 1972 – Indrek Sei, Estonian swimmer
• 1973 – Kate Beckinsale, English actress
• 1973 – Mariano Raffo, Argentinian director and producer
• 1974 – Iron & Wine, American singer-songwriter
• 1974 – Kees Meeuws, New Zealand rugby player and coach
• 1974 – Dean Sturridge, English footballer and sportscaster
• 1975 – Ingo Schultz, German sprinter
• 1975 – Joe Smith, American basketball player
• 1975 – Elizabeth Truss, English accountant and politician, Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
• 1976 – Elena Kustarova, Russian ice dancer and coach
• 1977 – Joaquín Benoit, Dominican baseball player
• 1977 – Martin Laursen, Danish footballer and manager
• 1977 – Tanja Szewczenko, German figure skater and actress
• 1979 – Friedrich Michau, German rugby player
• 1979 – Derek Paravicini, English pianist
• 1979 – Peter Sarno, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1979 – Erik Westrum, American ice hockey player
• 1980 – Dave Baksh, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Sum 41, Brown Brigade, and Organ Thieves)
• 1980 – Robert Gallery, American football player
• 1981 – Abe Forsythe, Australian actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1981 – Maicon Sisenando, Brazilian footballer
• 1982 – Gilad Hochman, Israeli composer
• 1982 – Christopher Kane, Scottish fashion designer
• 1983 – Stephen Makinwa, Nigerian footballer
• 1983 – Roderick Strong, American wrestler
• 1983 – Naomi van As, Dutch field hockey player
• 1983 – Delonte West, American basketball player
• 1984 – Kyriakos Ioannou, Cypriot high jumper
• 1984 – Benjamin Kayser, French rugby player
• 1984 – Sabri Sarıoğlu, Turkish footballer
• 1985 – Marcus Benard, American football player
• 1985 – Bibi Zhou, Chinese singer-songwriter and actress
• 1985 – Gaël Clichy, French footballer
• 1985 – Audrey De Montigny, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1985 – Mat Gamel, American baseball player
• 1986 – Leonardo Ulloa, Argentinian footballer
• 1986 – John White, English footballer
• 1987 – Panagiotis Kone, Greek footballer
• 1987 – Alec Martinez, American ice hockey player
• 1987 – Fredy Montero, Colombian footballer
• 1989 – Ivian Sarcos, Venezuelan model, Miss World 2011
• 1991 – Tyson Barrie, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1992 – Marika Koroibete, Fijian rugby player
• 1994 – Ella Leivo, Finnish tennis player
• 1996 – Olivia Breen, English-Welsh sprinter

Deaths

• 342 – Emperor Cheng of Jin (b. 321)
• 432 – Pope Celestine I
• 811 – Nikephoros I, Byzantine emperor
• 1380 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan (b. 1322)
• 1471 – Pope Paul II (b. 1417)
• 1533 – Atahualpa, Inca emperor murdered by Francisco Pizarro (b. ca. 1500)
• 1592 – Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, French general (b. 1524)
• 1605 – Miguel de Benavides, Spanish archbishop and sinologist (b. 1552)
• 1611 – Horio Yoshiharu, Japanese daimyo (b. 1542)
• 1659 – Mary Frith, English pickpocket and fence (b. 1584)
• 1680 – John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English poet and courtier (b. 1647)
• 1684 – Elena Cornaro Piscopia, Italian mathematician and philosopher (b. 1646)
• 1712 – Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1631)
• 1723 – Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1660)
• 1801 – Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria (b. 1756)
• 1863 – Sam Houston, American general and politician, 7th Governor of Texas (b. 1793)
• 1867 – Otto, King of Greece (b. 1815)
• 1915 – James Murray, Scottish lexicographer and philologist (b. 1837)
• 1919 – Edward Poynter, English painter and illustrator (b. 1836)
• 1921 – Howard Vernon, Australian actor (b. 1848)
• 1925 – Antonio Ascari, Italian race car driver (b. 1888)
• 1925 – Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and philosopher (b. 1848)
• 1925 – William Jennings Bryan, American lawyer and politician, 41st United States Secretary of State (b. 1860)
• 1926 – Robert Todd Lincoln, American lawyer and politician, 35th United States Secretary of War, son of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1843)
• 1930 – Pavlos Karolidis, Greek historian and academic (b. 1849)
• 1932 – Fred Duesenberg, German-American businessman, co-founded the Duesenberg Company (b. 1876)
• 1934 – Winsor McCay, American cartoonist, animator, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1871)
• 1938 – Daisy Greville, Countess of Warwick (b. 1861)
• 1941 – Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician and academic (b. 1875)
• 1942 – Roberto Arlt, Argentinian author and playwright (b. 1900)
• 1952 – Eva Perón, Argentinian actress and politician, 25th First Lady of Argentina (b. 1919)
• 1953 – Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician, 135th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1883)
• 1960 – Cedric Gibbons, Irish-American art director and production designer (b. 1893)
• 1960 – Maud Menten, Canadian physician and biochemist (b. 1879)
• 1964 – Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe, English race car driver and politician (b. 1884)
• 1968 – Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (b. 1899)
• 1970 – Robert Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 11th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1896)
• 1971 – Diane Arbus, American photographer and academic (b. 1923)
• 1980 – Ibn-e-Safi, Pakistani author and poet (b. 1928)
• 1984 – George Gallup, American mathematician and statistician, founded the Gallup Company (b. 1901)
• 1986 – W. Averell Harriman, American politician and diplomat, 11th United States Secretary of Commerce (b. 1891)
• 1988 – Fazlur Rahman Malik, Pakistani philosopher, scholar, and academic (b. 1919)
• 1990 – Brent Mydland, German-American keyboard player and songwriter (Grateful Dead, Bobby and the Midnites, and Silver) (b. 1952)
• 1992 – Mary Wells, American singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
• 1993 – Matthew Ridgway, American general (b. 1895)
• 1994 – James Luther Adams, American theologian and academic (b. 1901)
• 1994 – Tonia Marketaki, Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1942)
• 1995 – Laurindo Almeida, Brazilian-American guitarist and composer (b. 1917)
• 1995 – Raymond Mailloux, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1918)
• 1995 – George W. Romney, American businessman and politician, 43rd Governor of Michigan (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Walter Jackson Bate, American author and critic (b. 1918)
• 1999 – Phaedon Gizikis, Greek general and politician, President of Greece (b. 1917)
• 2000 – John Tukey, American mathematician and academic (b. 1915)
• 2001 – Rex T. Barber, American colonel and pilot (b. 1917)
• 2001 – Peter von Zahn, German journalist and author (b. 1913)
• 2004 – William A. Mitchell, American chemist, created Pop Rocks and Cool Whip (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Alexander Golitzen, Russian-born American production designer and art director (b. 1908)
• 2005 – Jack Hirshleifer, American economist and academic (b. 1925)
• 2005 – Gilles Marotte, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1945)
• 2007 – Lars Forssell, Swedish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Skip Prosser, American basketball player and coach (b. 1950)
• 2009 – Merce Cunningham, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1919)
• 2010 – Sivakant Tiwari, Indian-Singaporean politician (b. 1945)
• 2011 – Joe Arroyo, Colombian singer-songwriter and composer (b. 1955)
• 2011 – Richard Harris, American-Canadian football player and coach (b. 1948)
• 2011 – Sakyo Komatsu, Japanese author and screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 2011 – Margaret Olley, Australian painter and philanthropist (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Don Bagley, American bassist and composer (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Karl Benjamin, American painter and educator (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Miriam Ben-Porat, Russian-Israeli lawyer and jurist (b. 1918)
• 2012 – Lupe Ontiveros, American actress (b. 1942)
• 2012 – James D. Watkins, American admiral and politician, 6th United States Secretary of Energy (b. 1927)
• 2013 – JJ Cale, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Leathercoated Minds) (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Luther F. Cole, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Harley Flanders, American mathematician and academic (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Sung Jae-gi, South Korean philosopher and activist (b. 1967)
• 2013 – George P. Mitchell, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Oleh Babayev, Ukrainian businessman and politician (b. 1965)
• 2014 – Charles R. Larson, American admiral (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Richard MacCormac, English architect, founded MJP Architects (b. 1938)
• 2014 – Sergei O. Prokofieff, Russian anthropologist and author (b. 1954)
• 2014 – Roland Verhavert, Belgian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Bijoy Krishna Handique, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Mines (b. 1934)
• 2015 – Flora MacDonald, Canadian banker and politician, 10th Canadian Minister of Communications (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Leo Reise, Jr., Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Ann Rule, American police officer and author (b. 1931)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Andrew of Phú Yên
  • Anne (Western Christianity)
  • Bartolomea Capitanio
  • Blessed Maria Pierina
  • Joachim (Anglican Communion)
  • Paraskevi of Rome (Eastern Orthodox Church)
  • Venera
  • July 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of National Significance (Barbados)
• Day of the National Rebellion (Cuba)
• Independence Day (Liberia), celebrates the independence of Liberia from the American Colonization Society in 1847.
• Independence Day (Maldives), celebrates the independence of Maldives from the United Kingdom in 1965.
• Kargil Victory Day or Kargil Vijay Diwas (India)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada