August 20

August 20 is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 133 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Monday, Thursday or Saturday (58 in 400 years each) than on Tuesday or Wednesday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Friday or Sunday (56).

Events

• 14 – Agrippa Postumus, adopted son of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is executed by his guards while in exile under mysterious circumstances.
• 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine away from the Byzantine Empire, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia.
• 917 – Battle of Acheloos: Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria decisively defeats a Byzantine army.
• 1000 – The foundation of the Hungarian state by Saint Stephen, celebrated as a National Day in Hungary.
• 1083 – Canonization of the first King of Hungary, Saint Stephen and his son Saint Emeric.
• 1308 – Pope Clement V pardons Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, absolving him of charges of heresy.
• 1391 – Konrad von Wallenrode becomes the 24th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
• 1467 – The Second Battle of Olmedo takes places as part of a succession conflict between Henry IV of Castile and his half-brother Alfonso, Prince of Asturias.
• 1519 – Philosopher and general Wang Yangming defeats Zhu Chenhao, ending the Prince of Ning rebellion against the reign of the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor.
• 1672 – Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are brutally murdered by an angry mob in The Hague.
• 1707 – The first Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.
• 1710 – War of the Spanish Succession: A multinational army led by the Austrian commander Guido Starhemberg defeats the Spanish-Bourbon army commanded by Alexandre Maître, Marquis de Bay in the Battle of Saragossa.
• 1775 – The Spanish establish the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson in the town that became Tucson, Arizona.
• 1794 – Battle of Fallen Timbers: American troops force a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi warriors into a disorganized retreat.
• 1858 – Charles Darwin first publishes his theory of evolution through natural selection in The Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.
• 1866 – President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.
• 1882 – Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow, Russia.
• 1910 – The Great Fire of 1910 (also commonly referred to as the "Big Blowup" or the "Big Burn") occurs in northeast Washington, northern Idaho (the panhandle), and western Montana, burning approximately 3 million acres (12,000 km²).
• 1914 – World War I: German forces occupy Brussels.
• 1920 – The first commercial radio station, 8MK (now WWJ), begins operations in Detroit.
• 1926 – Japan's public broadcasting company, Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK) is established.
• 1938 – Lou Gehrig hits his 23rd career grand slam, a record that stood for 75 years until it was broken by Alex Rodriguez.
• 1940 – In Mexico City, Mexico exiled Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky is fatally wounded with an ice axe by Ramón Mercader. He dies the next day.
• 1940 – World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill makes the fourth of his famous wartime speeches, containing the line "Never was so much owed by so many to so few".
• 1944 – World War II: 168 captured allied airmen, including Phil Lamason, accused by the Gestapo of being "terror fliers", arrive at Buchenwald concentration camp.
• 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Romania begins with a major Soviet Union offensive.
• 1950 – Korean War: United Nations repel an offensive by North Korean divisions attempting to cross the Nakdong River and assault the city of Taegu.
• 1955 – In Morocco, a force of Berbers from the Atlas Mountains region of Algeria raid two rural settlements and kill 77 French nationals.
• 1960 – Senegal breaks from the Mali Federation, declaring its independence.
• 1962 – The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered civilian ship, embarks on its maiden voyage.
• 1965 – Keene, NH Episcopal seminarian Jonathan Daniels, 26, is martyred; murdered by shotgun at point-blank range in Hayneville, Alabama, by an unpaid sheriff's deputy, sacrificing his life for young black activist Ruby Sales whom he pushed out of the way of the blast.
• 1968 – Soviet Union-dominated Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia, crushing the Prague Spring.
• 1975 – Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.
• 1977 – Voyager program: NASA launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
• 1986 – In Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S. Postal employee Patrick Sherrill guns down 14 of his co-workers and then commits suicide.
• 1988 – "Black Saturday" of the Yellowstone fire in Yellowstone National Park
• 1988 – Peru becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1988 – Iran–Iraq War: A ceasefire is agreed after almost eight years of war.
• 1988 – The Troubles: Eight British soldiers are killed and 28 wounded when their bus is hit by an IRA roadside bomb in Ballygawley, County Tyrone.
• 1989 – The pleasure boat Marchioness sinks on the River Thames following a collision. Fifty-one people are killed.
• 1989 – The O-Bahn Busway in Adelaide, the world's longest guided busway, opens.
• 1991 – Dissolution of the Soviet Union, August Coup: More than 100,000 people rally outside the Soviet Union's parliament building protesting the coup aiming to depose President Mikhail Gorbachev.
• 1991 – Estonia, annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940, issues a decision on the re-establishment of independence on the basis of historical continuity of its pre-World War II statehood.
• 1993 – After rounds of secret negotiations in Norway, the Oslo Accords are signed, followed by a public ceremony in Washington, D.C. the following month.
• 1997 – Souhane massacre in Algeria; over 60 people are killed and 15 kidnapped.
• 1998 – The Supreme Court of Canada rules that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.
• 1998 – U.S. embassy bombings: The United States launches cruise missile attacks against alleged al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical weapons plant in Sudan in retaliation for the August 7 bombings of American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.
• 2002 – A group of Iraqis opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein take over the Iraqi Embassy in Berlin, Germany for five hours before releasing their hostages and surrendering.
• 2006 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politician and former MP S. Sivamaharajah is shot dead at his home in Tellippalai.
• 2007 – China Airlines Flight 120 caught fire and exploded after landing at Naha Airport in Okinawa, Japan.
• 2008 – Spanair Flight 5022, from Madrid, Spain to Gran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes at Barajas Airport. Of the 172 people on board, 146 die immediately, and eight more later die of injuries sustained in the crash.
• 2012 – A prison riot in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, kills at least 20 people.
• 2014 – Seventy-two people are killed in Japan's Hiroshima Prefecture by a series of landslides caused by a month's worth of rain that fell in one day.

Births

• 1517 – Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, French cardinal and art collector (d. 1586)
• 1561 – Jacopo Peri, Italian singer and composer (d. 1633)
• 1613 – Duchess Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg (d. 1676)
• 1625 – Thomas Corneille, French playwright and philologist (d. 1709)
• 1632 – Louis Bourdaloue, French preacher and academic (d. 1704)
• 1710 – Thomas Simpson, English mathematician and academic (d. 1761)
• 1719 – Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer and educator (d. 1783)
• 1720 – Bernard de Bury, French harpsichord player and composer (d. 1785)
• 1752 – Landgravine Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1782)
• 1778 – Bernardo O'Higgins, Chilean general and politician, 2nd Supreme Director of Chile (d. 1842)
• 1779 – Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Swedish chemist and academic (d. 1848)
• 1799 – James Prinsep, English orientalist and scholar (d. 1840)
• 1833 – Benjamin Harrison, American general, lawyer, and politician, 23rd President of the United States (d. 1901)
• 1845 – Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint, founded the Albertine Brothers (d. 1916)
• 1847 – Andrew Greenwood, English cricketer (d. 1889)
• 1847 – Bolesław Prus, Polish journalist and author (d. 1912)
• 1856 – Jakub Bart-Ćišinski, German poet and playwright (d. 1909)
• 1860 – Raymond Poincaré, French lawyer and politician, 10th President of France (d. 1934)
• 1865 – Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer and lawyer (d. 1911)
• 1868 – Ellen Roosevelt, American tennis player (d. 1954)
• 1873 – Eliel Saarinen, Finnish architect and academic, co-designed the National Museum of Finland (d. 1950)
• 1881 – Edgar Guest, English-American poet and author (d. 1959)
• 1881 – Aleksander Hellat, Estonian politician, 6th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1943)
• 1885 – Dino Campana, Italian poet and author (d. 1932)
• 1886 – Paul Tillich, German-American philosopher and theologian (d. 1965)
• 1887 – Phan Khôi, Vietnamese journalist and scholar (d. 1959)
• 1888 – Tôn Đức Thắng, Vietnamese politician, 2nd President of Vietnam (d. 1980)
• 1890 – H. P. Lovecraft, American author and poet (d. 1937)
• 1896 – Gostha Paul, Indian footballer (d. 1976)
• 1897 – Tarjei Vesaas, Norwegian author and poet (d. 1970)
• 1898 – Vilhelm Moberg, Swedish historian, journalist, author, and playwright (d. 1973)
• 1901 – Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
• 1905 – Jean Gebser, German linguist, poet, and philosopher (d. 1973)
• 1905 – Jack Teagarden, American singer-songwriter and trombonist (d. 1964)
• 1906 – Charles Arnt, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1906 – Vidrik Rootare, Estonian chess player (d. 1981)
• 1907 – Alan Reed, American actor (d. 1977)
• 1908 – Al López, American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
• 1909 – Alby Roberts, New Zealand cricketer and rugby player (d. 1978)
• 1910 – Eero Saarinen, Finnish-American architect and furniture designer, designed the Gateway Arch (d. 1961)
• 1912 – John H. Michaelis, American general (d. 1985)
• 1913 – Roger Wolcott Sperry, American neuropsychologist and neurobiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
• 1916 – Paul Felix Schmidt, Estonian–German chess player and chemist (d. 1984)
• 1918 – Jacqueline Susann, American actress and author (d. 1974)
• 1919 – Walter Bernstein, American screenwriter and producer
• 1920 – Arnold Green, Estonian soldier and politician (d. 2011)
• 1921 – Jack Wilson, Australian cricketer (d. 1985)
• 1923 – Jim Reeves, American singer-songwriter (d. 1964)
• 1924 – George Zuverink, American baseball player (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Nobby Wirkowski, American-Canadian football player and coach (d. 2014)
• 1927 – John Boardman, English archaeologist and historian
• 1927 – Yootha Joyce, English actress (d. 1980)
• 1927 – Fred Kavli, Norwegian-American businessman and philanthropist, founded The Kavli Foundation (d. 2013)
• 1927 – Peter Oakley, English soldier and blogger (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Kevin Heffernan, Irish footballer and manager (d. 2013)
• 1929 – Lorenz Weinrich, German historian
• 1930 – Mario Bernardi, Canadian pianist and conductor (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Peter Randall, English sergeant (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Mikhail Kaaleste, Estonian canoe racer and coach
• 1931 – Don King, American boxing promoter
• 1932 – Anthony Ainley, English actor (d. 2004)
• 1932 – Vasily Aksyonov, Russian physician, author, and academic (d. 2009)
• 1932 – Atholl McKinnon, South African cricketer (d. 1983)
• 1933 – George J. Mitchell, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician
• 1934 – Armi Kuusela, Finnish model, Miss Universe 1952
• 1934 – Tom Mangold, German-English journalist and author
• 1935 – Ron Paul, American captain, physician, and politician
• 1936 – Hideki Shirakawa, Japanese chemist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1937 – Jim Bowen, English television host
• 1937 – Stelvio Cipriani, Italian composer
• 1937 – El Fary, Spanish singer and actor (d. 2007)
• 1937 – Andrei Konchalovsky, Russian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1937 – Sky Saxon, American singer-songwriter and bassist (The Seeds) (d. 2009)
• 1938 – Peter Day, English chemist and academic
• 1938 – Alain Vivien, French politician
• 1939 – Fernando Poe, Jr., Filipino actor and politician (d. 2004)
• 1940 – Rubén Hinojosa, American businessman and politician
• 1940 – Gus Macdonald, Scottish academic and politician, Minister for the Cabinet Office
• 1940 – Rex Sellers, Indian-Australian cricketer
• 1941 – Dave Brock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Hawkwind)
• 1941 – Rich Brooks, American football player and coach
• 1941 – Anne Evans, English soprano and actress
• 1941 – William H. Gray, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Slobodan Milošević, Serbian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Serbia (d. 2006)
• 1941 – Robin Oakley, English journalist and author
• 1941 – Jo Ramírez, Mexican race car driver and manager
• 1942 – Isaac Hayes, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor (d. 2008)
• 1942 – Fred Norman, American baseball player
• 1943 – Roger Gale, English journalist and politician
• 1943 – Sylvester McCoy, Scottish actor
• 1944 – Rajiv Gandhi, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of India (d. 1991)
• 1944 – Graig Nettles, American baseball player and manager
• 1945 – Roy Gardner, English businessman
• 1946 – Henryk Broder, Polish-German journalist and author
• 1946 – Connie Chung, American journalist
• 1946 – Laurent Fabius, French politician, 158th Prime Minister of France
• 1946 – Ralf Hütter, German singer and keyboard player (Kraftwerk and Organisation)
• 1946 – N. R. Narayana Murthy, Indian businessman, co-founded Infosys
• 1947 – Alan Lee, English painter and illustrator
• 1947 – James Pankow, American trombonist and songwriter (Chicago)
• 1947 – José Wilker, Brazilian actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
• 1947 – Ray Wise, American actor
• 1948 – John Noble, Australian actor and director
• 1948 – Robert Plant, English singer-songwriter (Led Zeppelin, Band of Joy, The Honeydrippers, and Page and Plant)
• 1949 – Nikolas Asimos, Greek singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1988)
• 1949 – Katiana Balanika, Greek actress and singer
• 1949 – Alan Hardwick, English journalist, actor, and producer
• 1949 – Patrick Kilpatrick, American actor and producer
• 1949 – Phil Lynott, English-Irish singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (Thin Lizzy, Skid Row, and Grand Slam) (d. 1986)
• 1951 – Greg Bear, American author
• 1951 – Marcel Dadi, Tunisian-French guitarist (d. 1996)
• 1951 – Mohamed Morsi, Egyptian engineer and politician, 5th President of Egypt
• 1951 – DeForest Soaries, American minister and politician, 30th Secretary of State of New Jersey
• 1952 – John Emburey, English cricketer and coach
• 1952 – Doug Fieger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Knack and Sky) (d. 2010)
• 1952 – John Hiatt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1952 – Ric Menello, American director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1953 – Gerry Bertier, American football player (d. 1981)
• 1953 – Peter Horton, American actor and director
• 1953 – Mike Jackson, American politician
• 1953 – Jim Trenton, American radio host and actor
• 1954 – Quinn Buckner, American basketball player and coach
• 1954 – Tawn Mastrey, American radio host and producer (d. 2007)
• 1954 – Al Roker, American journalist, actor, and author
• 1955 – Agnes Chan, Hong Kong singer and author
• 1955 – Danny Murphy, American actor (d. 2014)
• 1955 – Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon, English politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
• 1955 – Jay Acovone, American actor
• 1956 – Joan Allen, American actress
• 1956 – Alvin Greenidge, Barbadian cricketer
• 1956 – Desmond Swayne, English soldier and politician, Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
• 1957 – Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
• 1957 – Jim Calder, Scottish rugby player
• 1957 – Simon Donaldson, English mathematician and academic
• 1957 – Sorin Antohi, Romanian journalist and historian
• 1957 – Paul Johnson, American football coach
• 1958 – Nigel Dodds, Northern Irish lawyer and politician
• 1958 – Patricia Rozema, Canadian director and screenwriter
• 1958 – David O. Russell, American director and screenwriter
• 1958 – Michael Silka, American spree killer (d. 1984)
• 1958 – John Stehr, American journalist
• 1958 – Ukee Washington, American journalist and actor
• 1960 – Dom Duff, Breton singer-songwriter, guitarist, composer
• 1961 – Amanda Sonia Berry, English businesswoman
• 1961 – Greg Egan, Australian computer programmer and author
• 1961 – Joe Pasquale, English comedian and game show host
• 1961 – Alberto Zerain, Spanish mountaineer
• 1962 – Sophie Aldred, English actress
• 1962 – Tammy Bruce, American radio host and author
• 1962 – Song Dong-wook, South Korean tennis player
• 1962 – James Marsters, American actor, singer, and guitarist (Ghost of the Robot)
• 1963 – Uwe Bialon, German footballer and manager
• 1963 – Kal Daniels, American baseball player
• 1963 – José Cecena, Mexican baseball player
• 1964 – Dino Dvornik, Croatian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (d. 2008)
• 1964 – Azarias Ruberwa, Congolese lawyer and politician, Vice-Presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• 1965 – KRS-One, American rapper, producer, and actor (Boogie Down Productions)
• 1966 – Miguel Albaladejo, Spanish director and screenwriter
• 1966 – Colin Cunningham, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Dimebag Darrell, American guitarist and songwriter (Pantera and Damageplan) (d. 2004)
• 1966 – Enrico Letta, Italian lawyer and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Italy
• 1966 – David Rees Snell, American actor
• 1967 – Tori, American bodybuilder and wrestler
• 1967 – Andy Benes, American baseball player
• 1968 – Brett Angell, English footballer and coach
• 1968 – Abdelatif Benazzi, Moroccan-French rugby player
• 1968 – Klas Ingesson, Swedish footballer and manager (d. 2014)
• 1968 – Yuri Shiratori, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1968 – Frode Barth, Norwegian guitarist and composer
• 1969 – Billy Gardell, American comedian, actor, and producer
• 1969 – Mark Holzemer, American baseball player and scout
• 1970 – Els Callens, Belgian tennis player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Adrian Bower, English actor
• 1970 – John D. Carmack, American game programmer, co-founded Id Software
• 1970 – Fred Durst, American singer-songwriter, actor, and director (Limp Bizkit)
• 1971 – Nenad Bjelica, Croatian footballer and manager
• 1971 – Matt Calland, English rugby player and coach
• 1971 – Jonathan Ke Quan, Vietnamese-American actor
• 1971 – Steve Stone, English footballer and coach
• 1971 – David Walliams, English comedian, actor, and author
• 1972 – Derrick Alston, American basketball player
• 1972 – Melvin Booker, American basketball player
• 1972 – Chaney Kley, American actor, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2007)
• 1972 – Scott Quinnell, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster
• 1972 – Anna Umemiya, Japanese model and actress
• 1973 – Alban Bushi, Albanian footballer
• 1973 – Alexandre Finazzi, Brazilian footballer
• 1973 – Scott Goodman, Australian swimmer
• 1973 – Todd Helton, American baseball player
• 1973 – Cameron Mather, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster
• 1973 – José Paniagua, Dominican baseball player
• 1973 – Donn Swaby, American actor and screenwriter
• 1974 – Amy Adams, American actress and singer
• 1974 – Misha Collins, American actor
• 1974 – Big Moe, American rapper (Screwed Up Click) (d. 2007)
• 1974 – Santino Rice, American fashion designer and actor
• 1974 – Szabolcs Sáfár, Hungarian footballer and coach
• 1974 – Andy Strachan, Australian drummer and songwriter (The Living End and Pollyanna)
• 1974 – Maxim Vengerov, Russian violinist and conductor
• 1975 – Marcin Adamski, Polish footballer and manager
• 1975 – Marko Martin, Estonian pianist and educator
• 1975 – Shaun Newton, English footballer
• 1975 – Mac Tonnies, American author and blogger (d. 2009)
• 1975 – Elijah Williams, American football player and coach
• 1976 – Chris Drury, American ice hockey player
• 1976 – Cornel Frăsineanu, Romanian footballer
• 1976 – Tony Grant, Irish footballer
• 1976 – Gene Kingsale, Aruban-Dutch baseball player
• 1976 – Kristen Miller, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1976 – Marcel Podszus, German footballer
• 1976 – Fabio Ulloa, Honduran footballer
• 1977 – Paolo Bianco, Italian footballer
• 1977 – Wayne Brown, English footballer
• 1977 – Felipe Contepomi, Argentine rugby player, coach, and physician
• 1977 – Manuel Contepomi, Argentine rugby player
• 1977 – Shockmain Davis, American football player
• 1977 – A. M. Esmonde, Welsh author, director, and producer
• 1977 – Stéphane Gillet, Luxembourgian footballer
• 1977 – Aaron Hamill, Australian footballer and coach
• 1977 – Ívar Ingimarsson, Icelandic footballer
• 1977 – Kevin Navayne, Jamaican-American actor and producer
• 1977 – James Ormond, English cricketer
• 1977 – Josh Pearce, American baseball player
• 1977 – Aaron Taylor, American baseball player
• 1978 – Alberto Martín, Spanish tennis player
• 1978 – Emir Mkademi, Tunisian footballer
• 1978 – Chris Schroder, American baseball player
• 1979 – Haha, South Korean singer and actor (Running Man Brothers)
• 1979 – Sarah Borwell, English tennis player
• 1979 – Jamie Cullum, English singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1979 – Cory Sullivan, American baseball player
• 1980 – Langhorne Slim, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1980 – Nicolás Tauber, Argentine-Israeli footballer
• 1981 – Ben Barnes, English actor and singer
• 1981 – Brett Finch, Australian rugby player
• 1981 – Artur Kotenko, Estonian footballer
• 1981 – Bernard Mendy, French footballer
• 1981 – Craig Ochs, American football player
• 1981 – Byron Saxton, American wrestler, manager, and sportscaster
• 1982 – Cléber Luis Alberti, Brazilian footballer
• 1982 – Aleksandr Amisulashvili, Georgian footballer
• 1982 – Monty Dumond, South African rugby player
• 1982 – Youssouf Hersi, Ethiopian footballer
• 1982 – Joshua Kennedy, Australian footballer
• 1982 – Mijaín López, Cuban wrestler
• 1982 – Goran Nedeljković, Serbian rower
• 1982 – Richard Petiot, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1982 – Barney Rogers, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1982 – Jamil Walker Smith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1982 – Enyelbert Soto, Venezuelan-Japanese baseball player
• 1983 – Hamza Abdullah, American football player
• 1983 – Paulo André Cren Benini, Brazilian footballer
• 1983 – Lance Broadway, American baseball player and actor
• 1983 – Andrew Garfield, American-English actor
• 1983 – Héctor Landazuri, Colombian footballer
• 1983 – Mladen Pelaić, Croatian footballer
• 1983 – Brian Schaefering, American football player
• 1983 – Yuri Zhirkov, Russian footballer
• 1984 – Aílton José Almeida, Brazilian footballer
• 1984 – Pavel Eismann, Czech footballer
• 1984 – Laura Georges, French footballer
• 1984 – Jamie Hoffmann, American baseball player
• 1984 – Tsokye Tsomo Karchung, Bhutanese model and actress, Miss Bhutan 2008
• 1984 – Ingrid Lukas, Estonian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1985 – Glen Buttriss, Australian rugby player
• 1985 – Blake DeWitt, American baseball player
• 1985 – Thomas Domingo, French rugby player
• 1985 – Matt Hague, American baseball player
• 1985 – Jack King, English footballer
• 1985 – Álvaro Negredo, Spanish footballer
• 1985 – Willie Ripia, New Zealand rugby player
• 1985 – Joe Vitale, American ice hockey player
• 1985 – Stephen Ward, Irish footballer
• 1985 – Mark Washington, American football player
• 1986 – Steven Campbell, Australian footballer
• 1986 – Letizia Ciampa, Italian actress
• 1986 – Damien Gaudin, French cyclist
• 1986 – Lior Jean, Israeli footballer
• 1986 – Ryo Katsuji, Japanese actor
• 1986 – Luis Alberto Marco, Spanish runner
• 1986 – Manuel Pamić, Croatian footballer
• 1986 – Andrew Surman, South African-English footballer
• 1986 – Steven Zalewski, American ice hockey player
• 1987 – Stefan Aigner, German footballer
• 1987 – Vedran Janjetović, Croatian-Australian footballer
• 1987 – Sido Jombati, Portuguese footballer
• 1987 – Egon Kaur, Estonian race car driver
• 1987 – Roy Krishna, Fijian footballer
• 1987 – Cătălina Ponor, Romanian gymnast
• 1988 – Jerryd Bayless, American basketball player
• 1988 – Sarah R, Lotfi, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1988 – Ferhat Pehlivan, Turkish boxer
• 1988 – José Zamora, Spanish footballer
• 1989 – Kirko Bangz, American rapper and producer
• 1989 – Nebil Gahwagi, Hungarian footballer
• 1989 – Silas Kiplagat, Kenyan runner
• 1989 – Slavcho Shokolarov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1989 – Judd Trump, English snooker player
• 1989 – Dean Winnard, English footballer
• 1990 – Macauley Chrisantus, Nigerian footballer
• 1990 – Venelin Filipov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1990 – Leigh Griffiths, Scottish footballer
• 1990 – Fabien Jarsalé, French footballer
• 1990 – Bradley Klahn, American tennis player
• 1990 – Ranomi Kromowidjojo, Dutch swimmer
• 1990 – Conlin McCabe, Canadian rower
• 1991 – Tejitu Daba, Ethiopian runner
• 1991 – Marko Djokovic, Serbian tennis player
• 1991 – Dejan Glavica, Croatian footballer
• 1991 – Cory Joseph, American basketball player
• 1991 – Jyrki Jokipakka, Finnish hockey player
• 1991 – Arseny Logashov, Russian footballer
• 1991 – Luke O'Neill, English footballer
• 1991 – Mario Tičinović, Croatian footballer
• 1992 – Matej Delač, Croatian footballer
• 1992 – Demi Lovato, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1992 – Andrei Peteleu, Romanian footballer
• 1992 – Deniss Rakels, Latvian footballer
• 1993 – Mario Jelavić, Croatian footballer
• 1993 – MK Nobilette, American singer
• 1993 – Kamel Zeghli, Algerian footballer
• 1994 – Merily Toom, Estonian footballer
• 1995 – Anna Danilina, Russian-Kazakhstani tennis player
• 2000 – Anastasia A. Gubanova, Russian figure skater

Deaths

• 14 – Agrippa Postumus, Roman son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (b. 12 BC)
• 535 – Mochta, Irish missionary and saint
• 651 – Oswine of Deira
• 768 – Eadberht of Northumbria
• 984 – Pope John XIV
• 1153 – Bernard of Clairvaux, French theologian and saint (b. 1090)
• 1384 – Geert Groote, Dutch preacher, founded the Brethren of the Common Life (b. 1340)
• 1572 – Miguel López de Legazpi, Spanish navigator and politician, 1st Governor-General of the Philippines (b. 1502)
• 1580 – Jerónimo Osório, Portuguese historian and author (b. 1506)
• 1611 – Tomás Luis de Victoria, Spanish priest and composer (b. 1548)
• 1639 – Martin Opitz, German poet and hymnwriter (b. 1597)
• 1648 – Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1583)
• 1672 – Cornelis de Witt, Dutch lawyer and politician (b. 1623)
• 1672 – Johan de Witt, Dutch mathematician and politician (b. 1625)
• 1680 – William Bedloe, English spy (b. 1650)
• 1701 – Sir Charles Sedley, 5th Baronet, English playwright and politician, Speaker of the British House of Commons (b. 1639)
• 1707 – Nicolas Gigault, French organist and composer (b. 1627)
• 1773 – Enrique Flórez, Spanish historian and author (b. 1701)
• 1785 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (b. 1714)
• 1823 – Pope Pius VII (b. 1740)
• 1825 – William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, English admiral and politician, Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1753)
• 1835 – Agnes Bulmer, English merchant and poet (b. 1775)
• 1854 – Shiranui Dakuemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 8th Yokozuna (b. 1801)
• 1887 – Jules Laforgue, French poet and author (b. 1860)
• 1893 – Alexander Wassilko von Serecki, Austrian lawyer and politician (b. 1827)
• 1912 – William Booth, English preacher, co-founded The Salvation Army (b. 1829)
• 1914 – Pope Pius X (b. 1835)
• 1915 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1854)
• 1917 – Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835)
• 1919 – Greg MacGregor, Scottish cricketer and rugby player (b. 1869)
• 1930 – Charles Bannerman, Australian cricketer and umpire (b. 1851)
• 1939 – Agnes Giberne, Indian-English astronomer and author (b. 1845)
• 1942 – István Horthy, Hungarian admiral and pilot (b. 1904)
• 1951 – İzzettin Çalışlar, Turkish general (b. 1882)
• 1961 – Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
• 1963 – Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer (b. 1879)
• 1965 – Jonathan Daniels, American activist and saint (b. 1939)
• 1971 – Rashid Minhas, Pakistani lieutenant and pilot (b. 1951)
• 1974 – Buford Pusser, American police officer (b. 1937)
• 1979 – Christian Dotremont, Belgian painter and poet (b. 1922)
• 1980 – Joe Dassin, American-French singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
• 1982 – Ulla Jacobsson, Swedish-Austrian actress (b. 1929)
• 1985 – Donald O. Hebb, Canadian psychologist and academic (b. 1904)
• 1985 – Wilhelm Meendsen-Bohlken, German admiral (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Milton Acorn, Canadian poet and playwright (b. 1923)
• 1987 – Walenty Kłyszejko, Estonian–Polish basketball player and coach (b. 1909)
• 1990 – Ayla Dikmen, Turkish singer (b. 1944)
• 1993 – Bernard Delfgaauw, Dutch philosopher and academic (b. 1912)
• 1995 – Hugo Pratt, Italian author and illustrator (b. 1927)
• 1996 – Rio Reiser, German singer-songwriter (Ton Steine Scherben) (b. 1950)
• 1997 – Norris Bradbury, American soldier, physicist, and academic (b. 1909)
• 1997 – Léon Dion, Canadian political scientist and academic (b. 1922)
• 2001 – Fred Hoyle, English astronomer and author (b. 1915)
• 2001 – Kim Stanley, American actress (b. 1925)
• 2005 – Thomas Herrion, American football player (b. 1981)
• 2005 – Krzysztof Raczkowski, Polish drummer and songwriter (Vader, Dies Irae, Hunter, and Sweet Noise) (b. 1970)
• 2006 – Claude Blanchard, Canadian singer and actor (b. 1932)
• 2006 – Bryan Budd, Northern Ireland-born English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1977)
• 2006 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer and journalist (b. 1911)
• 2006 – S. Sivamaharajah, Sri Lankan Tamil newspaper publisher and politician (b. 1938)
• 2007 – Leona Helmsley, American businesswoman (b. 1920)
• 2008 – Ed Freeman, American soldier and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1927)
• 2008 – Hua Guofeng, Chinese politician, 2nd Premier of the People's Republic of China (b. 1921)
• 2008 – Stephanie Tubbs Jones, American lawyer and politician (b. 1949)
• 2008 – Gene Upshaw, American football player (b. 1945)
• 2009 – Larry Knechtel, American keyboard player and bass player (Bread and The Wrecking Crew) (b. 1940)
• 2009 – Karla Kuskin, American author and illustrator (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Đặng Phong, Vietnamese economist and historian (b. 1937)
• 2011 – Ram Sharan Sharma, Indian historian and academic (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Phyllis Diller, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1917)
• 2012 – Virginia Dwyer, American actress (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Daryl Hine, Canadian-American poet and academic (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Dom Mintoff, Maltese journalist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1916)
• 2012 – Len Quested, English footballer and manager (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Mika Yamamoto, Japanese journalist (b. 1967)
• 2012 – Meles Zenawi, Ethiopian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (b. 1955)
• 2013 – Sathima Bea Benjamin, South African singer-songwriter (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Narendra Dabholkar, Indian author and activist (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Don Hassler, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1929)
• 2013 – Elmore Leonard, American novelist and screenwriter (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Marian McPartland, English-American pianist and composer (b. 1918)
• 2013 – John W. Morris, American general (b. 1921)
• 2013 – Ted Post, American director and screenwriter (b. 1918)
• 2014 – Anton Buslov, Russian astrophysicist and journalist (b. 1983)
• 2014 – Lois Mai Chan, Taiwanese-American librarian, author, and academic (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Boris Dubin, Russian sociologist and academic (b. 1946)
• 2014 – B. K. S. Iyengar, Indian yoga instructor and author, founded Iyengar Yoga (b. 1918)
• 2014 – Buddy MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Sava Stojkov, Serbian painter and educator (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Edmund Szoka, American cardinal (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Egon Bahr, German journalist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Paul Kibblewhite, New Zealand chemist and engineer (b. 1941)
• 2015 – Frank Wilkes, Australian soldier and politician (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Bernard of Clairvaux
  • Blessed Georg Häfner
  • Maria De Mattias
  • Oswine of Deira
  • Philibert of Jumièges
  • William and Catherine Booth
  • August 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Feast of Asmá’ (Bahá'í Faith)
• Indian Akshay Urja Day (India)
• Restoration of Independence Day, re-declaration of the independence of Estonia from the Soviet Union in 1991.
• Revolution of the King and People (Morocco)
• Saint Stephen's Day (Hungary)
• World Mosquito Day (International)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada