Sin-ka-pho
| Sin-ka-pho Kiōng-hô-kok | |||||
| Republic of Singapore | |||||
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| Chū-jiân tē-lí (si̍t-chè khòng-chè tē-khu) |
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.svg) Sin-ka-pho ê só͘-chāi. |
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| Siú-to͘ | Sin-ka-pho | ||||
Bīn-chek
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| Jîn-bîn seng-oa̍h | |||||
Jîn-kháu
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| Chèng-tī bûn-hoà | |||||
| Kok-ka léng-tō-jîn | |||||
| Keng-chè si̍t-le̍k | |||||
| Kok-ka chu-liāu | |||||
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Sin-ka-pho Kiōng-hô-kok (Eng-gú: The Republic of Singapore) sī Má-lâi-se-a pòan-tó (Peninsula of Malaysia) lâm-hong ê tó-kok, thó·-tē bīn-chek 647.5 km².
Sin-ka-pho ê jîn-kháu ū tāi-iok 400-bān lâng. Hôa-jîn (Tiong-kok hiat-thóng) chiàm 76.9%, Má-lâi-lâng 14%, Ìn-tō·-lâng 7.7%, ki-thaⁿ cho̍k-kûn chiàm 1.4%.
Chú-iàu ê chong-kàu ū: hu̍t-kàu, tō-kàu, Islam-kàu, Ki-tok-kàu kah ìn-tō·-kàu.
Má-lâi-gú (Malay) sī kok-gú. Eng-gú, Pak-kiaⁿ-ōe (Mandarin), Tamil-gú lóng-sī koaⁿ-hong gú-giân, kî-tiong Eng-gú iū-koh sī hêng-chèng iōng-gú, thong-iōng ê kang-chok gú-giân.
Hôa-jîn cho̍k-kûn ê thong-iōng gí-giân ū: Hôa-gí, Hokkien (Bân-lâm-gú), Teochew, Kńg-tang-ōe kap Hakka sù tāi hong-giân.
Bo̍k-lo̍k
Tē-miâ[siu-kái | kái goân-sú-bé]
Tû-liáu "Sin-ka-pho" í-goā, chit-ê só͘-chāi koh ū chin chē kî-tha ê miâ, chhan-chhiūⁿ Hok-kiàn-oē ê "Seng-ka-pho", ia̍h sī Má-lâi-gí ê "Tamasik"; Ji̍t-pún chhàm-niá ê sî-chūn ia̍h bat kái chò "Syônantô" (昭南島).
Le̍k-sú[siu-kái | kái goân-sú-bé]
Sin-ka-pho le̍k-sú chin té-chiām, chá-kî chú-iàu sī Má-lâi-lâng tī chia tòa, tāi-iok tī-leh kong-gôan 13, 14 sè-kí hit-chūn, Tiong-kok-lâng to̍h í-keng lâi-kàu Sin-Má tē-khu. Bêng, Chheng sî-tāi ê Hok-kiàn-lâng, kā Sin-ka-pho kiò-chòe "Sit-la̍t" he̍k-chiá "Sit-la̍t-po·" . Kong-gôan 1819 nî 1 ge̍h 29 hō, Eng-kok Tang-ìn-tō· kong-si ê sin-lô Stamford Raffles lâi-kàu Sin-ka-pho, pēng-chhiáⁿ khai-sí kóan-ha̍t chit-tè thó·-tē. Kong-gôan 1824 nî, Sin-ka-pho chèng-sek chiâⁿ-chòe Eng-kok ê si̍t-bîn-tē.
Kong-gôan 1941 nî, Thài-pêng-iûⁿ chiàn-cheng ê sî-kî, Sin-ka-pho cho-siū Ji̍t-pún-lâng thóng-tī 3 nî koh 6 go̍eh-ji̍t. Kàu-kah 1945 nî 8 ge̍h, Eng-kok chiah-koh chia̍p-kóan Sin-ka-pho. 1959 nî, Sin-ka-pho tit-tio̍h chū-tī ê tē-ūi, liáu-āu, tī 1963, iū-koh kiat-ha̍p hit-tong-sî ê Má-lâi Liân-pang, Sa-lô-o̍at (Hàn-jī :砂劳越) kah Pak-pô-lô chiu (Hàn-jī :北婆罗州, iā-to̍h-sī chit-chūn ê "沙巴" ), kiōng-tông sêng-li̍p Má-lâi-se-a Liân-pang, thoat-lī Eng-kok ê thóng-tī. Kong-gôan 1965 nî 8 ge̍h 9 hō, Sin-ka-pho soan-pò· thè-chhut Má-lâi-se-a Liân-pang, chèng-sek chiâⁿ-chò 1-ê chú-kôan to̍k-li̍p ê kok-ka.
Chhú-khì 30-nî tiong-kan, Sin-ka-pho keng-chè tit-tio̍h hui-sok ê hoat-tián, chiâⁿ-chòe Tang-lâm-a tiōng-iàu ê kim-iông kah chóan-kháu bō·-ek tiong-sim, sī A-chiu sì-sió-liông chi-chi̍t.
Chèng-tī[siu-kái | kái goân-sú-bé]
Sin-ka-pho sī gī-hōe-chè ê kok-ka, kok-ka ki-kò· si̍t-hêng sam-koân hun-li̍p, chóng-thóng sī ti̍t-chiap bîn-sóan sán-seng--ê, sī kok-ka ê gôan-siú. Kok-hōe gī-ôan mā-sī sóan-kú sán-seng. Ah chóng-lí sī àn kok-hōe to-sò· tóng tang-tiong sán-seng, i léng-tō ê lōe-koh iong-iú hêng-chèng-kôan. Chóng-lí ē-tàng ùi gī-ôan tang-tiong sóan-chhut lōe-koh sêng-ôan.
Se-hong kok-ka phoe-phêng kóng, Sin-ka-pho Jîn-bîn Hêng-tōng-tóng tn̂g-kî chiáng-khòng tio̍h Sin-ka-pho ê chèng-tī bú-tâi, kok-hōe sêng-ôan tōa-to-sò· lóng-sī chit-ê tóng ê lâng, ah chêng-āu 3-jīm ê chóng-lí (Lí Kong-iāu, Gô· Chok-tòng kah Lí Hián-liông) mā sî lâi-chū chit-ê tóng. Sin-ka-pho chèng-hú thé-chè kán-ná koh-khah chiap-kīn choan-chè thóng-tī, iah hām bîn-chú chèng-tī chin bô sio-siâng. Iah m̄-ko̍h hō· lâng kám-kak kiaⁿ-kî kah chheng-chàn ê sī, Sin-ka-pho chèng-hú kèng-jiân sī 1-ê ôan-chôan thàu-bêng, chheng-liâm iū-koh ko-hāu ê chèng-hú.
Keng-chè[siu-kái | kái goân-sú-bé]
Kong-gôan 1965 nî liāu-āu, Sin-ka-pho ê keng-chè sìn-sok hoat-tián--khí-lâi, chiâⁿ-chòe sin-heng ê hiān-tāi-hòa kang-gia̍p kok-ka. Kang-gia̍p chú-iàu pau-koat kok-lāi siōng-tōa ê liàn-iû tiong-sim, hòa-kang, chō-chûn, tiān-chú kah ki-hâi téng . Tù-miâ ê Jū-lông kang-gia̍p-khu (Hàn-jī:裕廊, Eng-gí :Jurong Industrial Park) to̍h-sī tī Sin-ka-pho. Kok-chè bō·-ek kah kim-iông gia̍p tī Sin-ka-pho keng-chè tang-tiong pān-ián tio̍h chin-chiàⁿ tiōng-iàu ê kak-sek. Bo̍k-chiân, Sin-ka-pho sī chôan-kiu tē-4-tōa gōa-hōe chhī-tiûⁿ kau-ek tiong-sim, kan-ta pâi-tī Niú-iok, Lûn-tun kah Tang-kiaⁿ ê āu-piah. Sin-ka-pho ūn-su gia̍p hui-siông hoat-ta̍t, chit-tè ū chôan-kiû siāng hôan-bâng, siāng lāu-jia̍t ê káng-kháu kah ki-tiûⁿ. Choè-kīn kúi nî, Sin-ka-pho toā-liōng tâu-chu, kè-oē seng-bu̍t kho-ki ê sán-gia̍p hoat-tián. Jîn-bîn seng-oa̍h chúi-pêng chin-kôan, jîn-kin kok-bîn seng-sán chóng-ti̍t chhiau-kòe 3-bān Bí-gôan, pâi-tī sè-kài thâu-kúi-miâ. Lú-iû gia̍p mā tī kok-ka chéng-kô ê keng-chè kiat-kò· tang-tiong chiàm-kū tiōng-iàu ê pí-tāng, lâi chia chhit-thô, lú-iû ê lâng-kheh chú-iàu lâi-chū Ji̍t-pún, Tiong-kok, Au-Bí kah Tang-lâm-a kî-thaⁿ kok-ka .
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