- published: 08 Dec 2015
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This article is about the rail company in Pakistan. For technical details and operations see: Transport in Pakistan.
Pakistan Railways (reporting mark PR) (Urdu: پاکستان ریلویز ), formerly also known as the Pakistan Western Railway (reporting mark PWR) between 1947 to 1974, is the a national state-owned railway company of Pakistan. Founded in 1886 and headquartered in Lahore, it owns approximately 4,800 miles (7,791 km) of track all across Pakistan, stretching from Torkham to Karachi.
The idea of a rail network came in 1847, with the possibility of Karachi becoming a major seaport after large part of Sindh fell to British East India company by 1843. Sir Henry Edward Frere, who was appointed as the Commissioner of Sindh, sought permission from Lord Dalhousie to begin a survey for a Karachi seaport and a survey for a railway line in 1858. The railway line would be laid from Karachi to Kotri where a steamboat service (Indus Flotilla) on the Indus and Chenab rivers would connect Kotri to Multan; from Multan another railway line would be laid to Lahore and beyond.
Coordinates: 30°N 70°E / 30°N 70°E / 30; 70
Pakistan (i/ˈpækᵻstæn/ or
i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاكستان ALA-LC: Pākistān, pronounced [pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاكستان ALA-LC: Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān IPA: [ɪslɑːmiː d͡ʒʊmɦuːriəɪh pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), is a country in South Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 199 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering 881,913 km2 (340,509 sq mi). Pakistan has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman.
The territory that now constitutes Pakistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the Mehrgarh of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including Hindus, Indo-Greeks, Muslims, Turco-Mongols, Afghans and Sikhs. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Alexander of Macedonia, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the subcontinent's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of the Subcontinent where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.
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