- published: 18 Oct 2008
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The Diaoyutai State Guesthouse (simplified Chinese: 钓鱼台国宾馆; traditional Chinese: 釣魚台國賓館; pinyin: Diàoyútái Guó Bīnguǎn) is a historic hotel and guesthouse complex in Beijing, China. It includes a number of buildings, houses and gardens. The name "Diaoyutai" means "angling platform", and is so named because the site was a favourite fishing spot of Emperor Zhangzong of Jin. It is not related to the Diaoyutai Islands. The hotel complex was also mentioned as one of the Ten Great Buildings, a list of landmarks constructed in 1959 for the 10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China.
The Guesthouse is used to house visiting foreign dignitaries and provincial government officials. During the Cultural Revolution, it was used as the office of the Central Cultural Revolution Group, and the residence of Chairman Mao Zedong, Jiang Qing (Madame Mao), Chen Boda and Kang Sheng. The Diaoyutai State Guesthouse has been opened up to paying customers.
The guesthouse is located in Beijing's Haidian District, to the west of Sanlihe Road and to the east of Yuyuantan Park.
Kim Jong-il (Korean pronunciation: [ɡ̊imd͜zɔŋil]; 16 February 1941/1942 – 17 December 2011) was the supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea, from 1994 to 2011. By the early 1980s Kim had become the heir apparent for the leadership of the country and assumed important posts in the party and army organs. He succeeded his father and founder of the DPRK, Kim Il-sung, following the elder Kim's death in 1994. Kim Jong-il was the General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), Chairman of the National Defence Commission (NDC) of North Korea, and the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army (KPA), the fourth-largest standing army in the world. Kim's leadership is thought to have been even more dictatorial than his father's.
During Kim's regime the country suffered from famine, partially due to economic mismanagement, and had a poor human rights record. Kim involved his country in state terrorism and strengthened the role of the military by his Songun, or "military-first", politics. Kim's rule also saw tentative economic reforms, including the opening of the Kaesong Industrial Park in 2003.