Television channel

A television channel is a physical or virtual channel over which a television station or television network is distributed. For example, in North America, "channel 2" refers to the broadcast or cable band of 54 to 60 MHz, with carrier frequencies of 55.25 MHz for NTSC analog video (VSB) and 59.75 MHz for analog audio (FM), or 55.31 MHz for digital ATSC (8VSB). Channels may be shared by many different television stations or cable-distributed channels depending on the location and service provider.

Depending on the multinational bandplan for a given region, analog television channels are typically 6, 7, or 8 MHz in bandwidth, and therefore television channel frequencies vary as well. Channel numbering is also different. Digital television channels are the same for legacy reasons, however through multiplexing, each physical radio frequency (RF) channel can carry several digital subchannels. On satellites, each transponder normally carries one channel, however small, independent channels can be used on each transponder, with some loss of bandwidth due to the need for guard bands between unrelated transmissions. ISDB, used in Japan and Brazil, has a similar segmented mode.

Channel

Channel, channels, and similar terms may refer to:

Places

Ice cube

An ice cube is a small, roughly cube-shaped piece of ice (frozen water), conventionally used to cool beverages. Ice cubes are sometimes preferred over crushed ice because they melt more slowly; they are standard in mixed drinks that call for ice, in which case the drink is said to be "on the rocks."

Origin

American physician and humanitarian John Gorrie built a refrigerator in 1844 with the purpose of cooling air. His refrigerator produced ice which he hung from the ceiling in a basin. Gorrie can be considered the creator of ice cubes, but his aim was not to cool drinks: he used the ice to lower the ambient room temperature. During his time, a dominant idea was that bad air quality caused disease. Therefore, in order to help treat sickness, he pushed for the draining of swamps and the cooling of sickrooms.

Methods of production

Ice cubes are produced domestically by filling an ice cube tray with water and placing it in a freezer. Many freezers also come equipped with an icemaker, which produces ice cubes automatically and stores them in a bin from which they can be dispensed directly into a glass.

Jim Gaffigan

James Christopher "Jim" Gaffigan (born July 7, 1966) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice-over artist, and author. His humor largely revolves around fatherhood, observations, and (most notably) food. He is also regarded as a "clean" comic, using little profanity in his routines. He has had several successful comedy specials, including Mr. Universe and Jim Gaffigan: Obsessed, both of which received Grammy nominations. His memoir, Dad Is Fat (2013) and his most recent book, Food: A Love Story (2014), are both published by Crown Publishers. He co-created and currently stars in a TV Land television series based on his life called The Jim Gaffigan Show.

He collaborates extensively with his wife, Jeannie Gaffigan, and together they have five children. They are Catholics, a topic that comes up in his comedy, and live in Manhattan, New York.

Early life

Gaffigan was born on July 7, 1966 in Elgin, Illinois, and was raised in Chesterton, Indiana. He is the youngest of six children and often jokes about growing up in a large family. His father was a banker and the first in his family to attend college, and so encouraged his children to seek careers that promised job security. However, at about the age of five, his youngest son announced that when he grew up, he wanted to be an "actress," and as a teenager watched Saturday Night Live. Gaffigan attended La Lumiere School in La Porte, Indiana, and after graduating, attended Purdue University for one year, where he was a member of the Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity. He transferred to Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business, where he graduated in 1988 with a degree in Finance. He played football at Georgetown.