Bovine serum albumin

Bovine serum albumin (also known as BSA or "Fraction V") is a serum albumin protein that has numerous biochemical applications including ELISAs (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), immunoblots, and immunohistochemistry. It is also used as a nutrient in cell and microbial culture. In restriction digests, BSA is used to stabilize some enzymes during digestion of DNA and to prevent adhesion of the enzyme to reaction tubes and other vessels. This protein does not affect other enzymes that do not need it for stabilization. BSA is also commonly used to determine the quantity of other proteins, by comparing an unknown quantity of protein to known amounts of BSA. BSA is used because of its stability, its lack of effect in many biochemical reactions, and its low cost since large quantities of it can be readily purified from bovine blood, a byproduct of the cattle industry.

The nickname "Fraction V" refers to albumin being the fifth fraction of the original Edwin Cohn purification methodology that made use of differential solubility characteristics of plasma proteins. By manipulating solvent concentrations, pH, salt levels, and temperature, Cohn was able to pull out successive "fractions" of blood plasma. The process was first commercialized with human albumin for medical use and later adopted for production of BSA.

Nomenclature, classification and codification

Properties

Physical properties of BSA:

Number of amino acid residues: 607

Molecular weight: 66382 Da

isoelectric point in water at 25 °C: 4.7

Molar extinction coeffecient of 0.667 mg^-1cm^-1 at 279 nm

Dimensions: 140 X 40 X 40 Å³ (prolate ellipsoid where a = b < c)

An 18-residue signal peptide is cut off from the precursor protein upon secretion, hence the precursor has 607 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 66.4 kDa.

Function

Toxicology

Compendial status

References

External links

Category:Proteins

This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.

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Protein Folding as a result of pH change

Duration: 0:44
Published: 2009-02-19
Uploaded: 2010-11-19
Author: iemediasolutions

Shows Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) molecules binding to BS3 molecules adhering to the surface of an optical chip. The BSA molecules then undergo a conformational change as the pH of the perfusate changes from acid to alkaline. This is an excerpt from a video that iemedia solutions ( www.iemedia.co.uk ) produced for the Scientific Instrumentation Division of the Farfield Group ( http ) to illustrate the measurement capabilities of their Dual Polarisation Interferometry technology. Category: Science & Technology

Evolution's "Selective Pressures" and Snake Toxins

Duration: 2:02
Published: 2010-04-10
Uploaded: 2010-09-07
Author: BereanBeacon

Did Burrowing Blindsnakes Raft Across the Oceans? - www.icr.org Mechanics of spitting. (Certainly mindless processes could have come up with this one) Venom can be ejected otherwise than by a bite, as in the so-called spitting cobras of the genera Naja and Hemachatus. Some of these deadly snakes, when irritated, are capable of shooting venom from the mouth, at a distance of 4 to 8 feet. These snakes' fangs have been modified for the purposes of spitting: inside the fangs of a spitting cobra is a channel which makes a ninety degree bend to the lower front of the fang. When the snake is threatened the muscles of the venom gland squeeze the venom sac and as a result venom is projected forward. Spitters may spit thirty or forty times in succession, and even then the snake is still able to deliver a fatal bite. ( More research is needed to determine the selective pressures that have armed snakes in this way. en.wikipedia.org What Wiki means is, more fictional material must be invented to explaine another evolutionary fantasy. Spitting is a defensive reaction only. The snake tends to aim for the eyes [took millions of years to hit the target] of a perceived threat; a direct hit can cause temporary shock and blindness through severe inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. While there are no serious results if the venom is washed away at once with plenty of water, the blindness caused by a successful spit can become permanent if left untreated. Contact with the skin is not in <b>...</b>

Importance of Grass Fed Protein Powder (AND GET 20% OFF ALL PRODUCTS)

Duration: 2:40
Published: 2010-04-23
Uploaded: 2010-08-26
Author: MIChiroFreak

PaleoMeal™ is our powdered nutrition formula designed to promote peak wellness by optimizing patients' intake of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. The ingredients make this formula ideal for patients needing support with weight control, GI health, detoxification, immune issues, heavy metals, and muscle gain. PaleoMeal™ is made with exceptional quality whey protein, which comes from herds that graze on pesticide-free, chemical-free natural grass pastures. These milking cows are never given bovine growth hormone or any other hormones (No rBST or rBGH), genetically modified organisms or injected pathogens. This whey protein is never exposed to high heat temperatures. The result is the highest quality protein supplement, rich in immunoglobulins and lactoferrin. Free of artificial flavors and sweeteners, PaleoMeal™ is available in natural vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry. PaleoMeal™ is suggested in combination therapies for: Weight Loss Lipid Management Type II Diabetic Control Blood Sugar Balance Hypoglycemia Mercury Toxicity Weight Training Yeast Overgrowth PaleoMeal™: Highest Quality Ingredients and Formulation PaleoMeal is designed to help promote an optimal intake of protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals needed for overall wellness. PaleoMeal is made with an exceptional quality whey protein concentrate, which comes from herds that graze on disease-free, pesticide-free, chemical-free, natural grass pastures. These milking cows are not <b>...</b>

Invitria-Cell Culture Media Supplements, Hybridoma, Vero cells, Stem Cells

Duration: 7:56
Published: 2009-12-16
Uploaded: 2010-08-11
Author: invitria1

InVitria (www.invitria.com) manufactures high-performance, well-defined cell culture media supplements for CHO, Hybridoma, Vero and Regenerative Medicine/Stem Cell productrion. InVitria also provides Cell Culture Media optimization services. InVitria's cell culture supplements are an alternative to bovine serum albumin.

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