- published: 24 Nov 2014
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Talian is a dialect spoken mainly in the wine-producing area of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. Talian is sometimes called Vêneto (brasileiro). Talian is also spoken in other parts of Rio Grande do Sul as well as in parts of the neighboring state of Santa Catarina to the north.
Despite the similar names, Talian is not derived from standard Italian (actually called grammatical Italian in Brazil), but is mainly a mix of Venetian dialects influenced by other dialects of North Italy as well as local Portuguese: indeed it is also called Veneto (brasileiro).
Italian settlers first began arriving into this region in a wave of immigration lasting from approximately 1875 to 1914. These settlers were mainly from Veneto, a region at the north of Italy, where Venetian was spoken, but also from Trentino and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. These immigrants settled as smallholders in the region of Encosta da Serra. There they created three settlements: Conde D'Eu (now, Garibaldi, Rio Grande do Sul), Dona Isabel (now Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul), and Campo dos Bugres (now Caxias do Sul). As more immigrants arrived, the Italian settlement expanded beyond these localities. Approximately 100,000 immigrants from this region arrived between 1875 and 1910. Today, there are approximately 3 million persons of Italian ancestry in in Rio Grande do Sul, about 30% of the total population.