Carcinogenesis

Common Pathway of Carcinogenesis

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• published: 27 Sep 2014
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Common Pathway of Carcinogenesis Carcinogenic agents are heterogeneous, physical chemical and biological. Yet they all share a common mechanism. For the unified theory of carcinogenesis I shall apply four seemingly unrelated phenomena: 1. Bystander mechanism 2. Lysis and lysogeny. 3. Transposons. 4. Hormesis. Low energy radiation lacks energy to restructure the genome, which requires more energy than radiation carries. Radiation triggers a genome reshuffle which is performed by transposons. It is a reaction of the host to stress. The new genome structure enable the cell to withstand stress. Genome reshuffle maximizes its survival. This new structure is signaled to non irradiated cells with DNA fragments and transposons, secreted into the medium and is inherited by their progeny. Interaction between virus and cell has two outcomes: 1. Lysis, when virus hijacks cell genome in order to produce virions. 2. Lysogeny, when cell hijacks virus genome and incorporates it into its own genome. Virus and radiation trigger lysogeny. Lysogeny is a manifestation of genome reshuffle. The aim of the invading virus is to penetrate the cell hijack its proliferation machinery, to produce virions which destroy the host (lysis). In order to protect itself the cell incorporates virus DNA into its own (lysogeny). The incorporated gene protects the host against future infections of similar viruses. di-methyl-benz-anthracene (DMBA) is not incorporated into DNA. It is a stress that triggers tumor formation. Tumor is a manifestation of lysogeny. Virus is the confounding factor of the two stage carcinogenesis. It is the progression of a viral skin cancer.