- published: 08 Jun 2016
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Hamza (Arabic: الهَمْزة, (al-)hamzah) (ء) is a letter in the Arabic alphabet, representing the glottal stop [ʔ]. Hamza is not one of the 28 "full" letters, and owes its existence to historical inconsistencies in the standard writing system. In the Phoenician and Aramaic alphabets, from which the Arabic alphabet is descended, the glottal stop was expressed by aleph (), continued by alif ( ) in the Arabic alphabet. However, alif was used to express both a glottal stop and a long vowel /aː/. To indicate that a glottal stop, and not a mere vowel, was intended, hamza was added diacritically to alif. In modern orthography, under certain circumstances, hamza may also appear on the line, as if it were a full letter, independent of an alif.
The hamza letter on its own always represents hamzat qaṭʿ (همزة قطع); that is, a phonemic glottal stop. Compared to this, hamzat waṣl or hamzatu l-waṣl (همزة الوصل) is a non-phonemic glottal stop produced automatically at the beginning of an utterance. Although it can be written as alif carrying a waṣlah sign ٱ, it is usually indicated by a regular alif without a hamza. It occurs, for example, in the definite article al-, ism, ibn, imperative verbs and the perfective aspect of verb forms VII to X, but is not pronounced following a vowel: (e.g. al-baytu l-kabīru for written البيت الكبير). It occurs only at the beginning of a word following a preposition or the definite article.
Actors: Nouri Bouzid (director), Nouri Bouzid (actor), Nouri Bouzid (writer), Jérôme Clément (producer), Lotfi Abdelli (actor), Leyla Bouzid (miscellaneous crew), Leyla Bouzid (actress), Abdelaziz Ben Mlouka (producer), Abdelaziz Ben Mlouka (producer), Georges-Marc Benamou (producer), Abdelkader Saïd (actor), Souhir Ben Amara (actress), Brahim Aloui (actor), Aymen Omrani (actor), Fathi Messelmani (actor),
Genres: ,Actors: Deniz Cinar (writer), Deniz Cinar (producer), Deniz Cinar (actor), Deniz Cinar (editor), Deniz Cinar (director), Coskun Cetinalp (actor), Firat Cinar (actor), Firat Cinar (producer), Kadir Vurguncu (actor), Volkan Zorlu (composer), Aynur Cinar (costume designer), Fadime Vurguncu (actor), Adil Vurguncu (actor), Muhammed Okumus (editor),
Plot: Halil is an old pedlar who travels to Turkish villages with his horse and sells trinket, needle and thread, mirror, scissors, comb, toys for children etc. After selling his stuff in the village of Hashas, he gets on his way to another village. After many hours of walking, the old man takes a break in a deserted area on the mountains. A stranger attacks Halil and knocks him out. Halil opens his eyes on a high hill, He was surrounded by a circle which was drawn around him. His money, gun and his stuff had been stolen. The old man can't go away and leave the circle drawn around him. The stranger comes back and tells Halil that he would give Halil's belongings back, if Halil passes through the circle. But the old man doesn't leave the circle. And thus, a strong struggle begins between Halil, inside circle and the stranger, outside...
Keywords: turkeyActors: Hakim Belabbes (editor), Hakim Belabbes (writer), Hakim Belabbes (director), Katherine Kosinski (writer), Latefa El Berki (producer), Zineb Ennajem (actress), Mohammad Ouarrou (composer), Mohammad Ouarrou (actor), Hamza Abderrazik (actor), Hadda Oukhbouz (actress),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Pivio (composer), Jean-François Balmer (actor), Laurent Lucas (actor), Jacques Gamblin (actor), Scali Delpeyrat (actor), Aldo De Scalzi (composer), Cristiana Capotondi (actress), Hélène de Saint-Père (actress), Giacomo Battiato (director), Georges Campana (producer), Giacomo Battiato (writer), Giacomo Battiato (writer), Hichem Rostom (actor), Frédéric Quiring (actor), Eva Aichmajerová (actress),
Genres: Drama, History,Actors: Korkmaz Arslan (actor), Recep Dumlu (writer), Recep Dumlu (director), Recep Dumlu (editor), Recep Dumlu (actor), Alexander Junginger (actor), Mark Braune (actor), Eduard Prezer (actor), Fabian Sniatecki (actor), Buenyamin Yildirim (actor), Jale Guerer (actress), Nadja Jo Klapper (actress), Mikail Agbulak (actor), Daniel Staub (editor), Steffen Anton (actor),
Plot: The film is about a group of young Turkish-born immigrants. Lack of prospects in Germany, and their combined dreams have driven the men to crime. However they want to settle in their homeland. In the hopes of a bright future they meet one last time in a bar that night but will this change everything?
Genres: Crime, Drama,Actors: Faruk Turgut (producer), Nazan Ayas (actress), Orhan Kemal (writer), Mazlum Cimen (composer), Ali Düsenkalkar (actor), Hakan Boyav (actor), Can Kolukisa (actor), Guzin Coragan (actress), Zuhal Gencer (actress), Engin Ozturk (editor), Evrim Solmaz (actress), Isik Aras (actress), Saki Çimen (composer), Necip Memili (actor), Faruk Teber (director),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Erol Günaydin (actor), Ugur Yücel (actor), Erol Avci (producer), Rasim Oztekin (actor), Levent Sülün (actor), Orhan Aydin (actor), Hakan Boyav (actor), Ozan Guven (actor), Murat Daltaban (actor), Yasemin Çonka (actress), Arzu Gamze Kilinç (actress), Gaye Boralioglu (writer), Timuçin Esen (actor), Turkan Derya (director), Ziver Çiftçi (actor),
Genres: Adventure, Drama,Actors: Petter J. Borgli (producer), John M. Jacobsen (producer), Emil Marwa (actor), Karen Fabritius Gram (costume designer), Wibecke Rønseth (editor), Tanya Badendyck (miscellaneous crew), Tomas Backström (producer), Finn Schau (actor), Magnus Beite (composer), Stein Ove Horten (miscellaneous crew), Stein Ove Horten (miscellaneous crew), Marit Hamdahl (actress), Henrik Rafaelsen (actor), Sveinung Golimo (producer), Sigurd Mikal Karoliussen (producer),
Plot: The three young immigrant boys Wasim, Riaz and Munawar are growing up in the east end of Oslo, Norway. They find school extremely boring and become attracted to the hard boiled gang East Side Crew, which is run by the brothers Sadiq and Khalid. Petty theft soon develops in to drug dealing, violence and murder.
Keywords: 1980s, 1990s, alcohol, anti-hero, attempted-murder, ball-gag, beating, beer, blood, brotherActors: Rushdy Abaza (actor), Faten Hamama (actress), Salah Abouseif (director), Youssef Idriss (writer), Youssef Idriss (writer), Abdallah Gheith (actor), Salah Jahine (actor), Lucien Lamber (writer),
Genres: Drama, History, Romance,Actors: Reginald Sheffield (actor), Ludwig Stössel (actor), Egon Brecher (actor), George M. Carleton (actor), Gavin Muir (actor), Tom Stevenson (actor), John Eldredge (actor), Fred Essler (actor), Bobby Hale (actor), George Humbert (actor), André Charlot (actor), Paul Lukas (actor), Aubrey Mather (actor), George Brent (actor), Nick Thompson (actor),
Plot: In a flashback, late-Victorian beauty Ruby, a divorcee with a shady past, calculatingly marries rich Egyptologist Nigel, who installs her at his Cairo estate while he digs for mummies. Bored, Ruby undertakes to recover a friend's letters from Baroudi. But when she meets the blackmailer, mutual attraction leads to an affair. As Ruby gets in deeper, she finds Baroudi is even more unscrupulous than she dreamed.
Keywords: based-on-novel, based-on-play, period-piece, remake(Ye Asmaan Yeh Zameen
Tu Basi Hai Har Kahin) 2
Tere Bin Mera Jeena Nahin
(Tere Bin Kuch Nahin, Tere Bin Kuch Nahin) 4
(Suni Suni Raatein, Balhayein Teri Yaadein
Kahan Le Chali Mujhko Deewangi) 2
Tu Shums Main Kamar Mein
Zameen Pe Reh Guzar Mein
Hai Rehti Wahan Pe Teri Dilkashi
Ho Na Jaaun Paagal, Ho Na Jaaun Paagal
Hai Kaarvan Phir Bhi Kami
Tu Basi Hai Har Kahin
Tere Bin Mera Jeena Nahin
(Tere Bin Kuch Nahin, Tere Bin Kuch Nahin) 4
Armaano Mein Basi Hai
Tu Khwabon Mein Basi Hai
Tu Dikhti Har Jagah Pe Tu Kahan Hai Chupi
Hai Doondhi Duniya Saari, Ye Zindagi Guzari
Kahin Te Mile Mujhko Teri Parchai
Ho Gaya Hoon Ghayal, Yaad Aaye Har Pal
Main Kahan Tu Kahin, Aisi Apni Zindagi
Tere Bin Mera Jeena Nahin
(Tere Bin Kuch Nahin, Tere Bin Kuch Nahin) 4