The Perfect Language

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• published: 27 Apr 2014
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This video has been revised. Mistakes have been corrected and new information added: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIpn0OEpT40 A guide to lojban: the logical language. Complete Root Word Vocabulary: http://quizlet.com/38882038/lojban-complete-language-flash-cards/ Attitudinals: http://quizlet.com/70824888/flashcards Corrections: - *{na'e pa prenu} is not grammatical. You can say {za'u pa prenu} "more than one person", but unfortunately to use {na'e} with numbers you need some more cmavo: {vei na'e bo pa prenu}. - {da}, {de}, {di} can't really be assigned with {goi}. Grammatically, yes, but semantically, it doesn't really mean anything, because {da} {de} {di} are for making existential claims. - *{mi klama vi ...} unfortunately, this whole section needs some reworking because {vi}, {va}, {vu} are not sumti -- they are tenses. You could say, for example, {mi klama lo jibri lo darno} or {mi klama ti ta}. But the tenses tag a selbri or a sentence; they can't be used as sumti on their own. - Names are messy. But actually, {ku} does terminate {la}, sometimes! {la} takes a cmevla (which ends in a consonant) OR a "selbri description", and the latter is terminated by {ku} (or {cu}). *{la .uesli.uelsyn. ku} is ungrammatical, but {la prenu prenu ku} is correct. And the terminator for {coi} and {doi} is always {do'u}. - la'ai is now terminated with le'u. Terminating with li'u would mean that it has to have the same grammar as {lu}, i.e. *{la'ai meri.celi li'u} has to be grammatical between the quotes, which it is not. Now it is analogous to the words lo'u and le'u instead (error/out of context quotes). So now it is terminated by {le'u} and there's no requirement for grammaticality between the quotes. - *{mi klama fu lo marce be mi .e bei lo mi pendo} has an extra {bei}. {bei} is for moving on to the next place, but you want to stay in the x2 of {marce} and use the connective {.e}. So you don't want the {bei}. - Actually b-m is not one of the prohibited vowel pairs so {labmlatu} doesn't need a y-hyphen. I'm having a bit of trouble pronouncing {labmlatu} myself, but Lojban says it's okay. - A small one: you can't technically use {y} between any two consonants. According to the CLL you can use a non-Lojban vowel, like the "i" in "bin". - The lujvo *{ci'afi'i} at the end falls apart because it doesn't have a consonant cluster in the first five letters. You need a hyphen: {ci'arfi'i}. Thanks to Alex Burka for the corrections! (Also, the terminator for li is lo'o, but it can usually be left out. And li cannot technically be used with number-symbols (1234567890). Everyone does this anyway, but I suggest using zoi mekso. 1234567890 .mekso instead.) Also, the grammar is a lot easier with these words called "BAI" words. They're basically prepositions, but I neglected to put them in the video, because I didn't fully understand them. Now I think I do, and I see that they make writing a lot easier: http://dag.github.io/cll/9/6/ There are also words called "fu'ivla" - loan-words which essentially allow for borrowed words from another language, or just pure slang - http://dag.github.io/cll/4/7/ I added another word called "ra'ai" which lets you quote a single non-meaning name with pauses. The advantage is that you don't have to use a terminator like le'u at the end, so it saves you two extra syllables. "la'oi" let's you do this, but it can also be used for text and sounds outside of lojban. The disadvantage is that a computer treats what's inside la'oi pauses as a block of text/sounds and doesn't recognize it as being from the lojban language. With ra'ai you can keep the isomorphism while retaining brevity. Instead of saying la'ai meri le'u. You can say the much shorter ra'ai .meri. I've also now added a set of ten new words: cu'ei'a - cu'ei'e - cu'ei'i - cu'ei'o - cu'ei'u - fu'ei'a - fu'ei'e - fu'ei'i - fu'ei'o - fu'ei'u. These words are an extension of the word cu'ei (used to switch speakers within a quotation). I love cu'ei, but realized that it is very vague, since it does not specify a speaker to switch to. This makes it hard to carry on dialogues with more than two people. But with this new series, you can specify who you're switching to. cu'ei'a switches to ko'a, cu'ei'e switches to ko'e etc. This is a very efficient way to switch speakers in a dialogue, and can easily take less than half the syllables to say. You should also be aware of these bridi (sentence) connectors, which make complex thought much more easy. poi and noi - relevant relation and incidental relation. The book can explain it better than I can: http://lojban.github.io/cll/8/1/index.html , http://lojban.github.io/cll/8/2/ As well as these sentence-subject embedding words: http://lojban.github.io/cll/11/1/index.html