- published: 23 Nov 2011
- views: 11661
Earth bulge is a term used in telecommunications. It refers to the circular segment of earth profile which blocks off long distance communications.
Assuming a perfect sphere with no terrain irregularity, the distance to horizon from a high altitude transmitter (i.e. line of sight) can readily be calculated.
Let R be the radius of Earth and h be the altitude of a telecommunication station. Line of sight distance d of this station is given by the Pythagorean theorem;
Since the altitude of the station is much less than the radius of the Earth,
The mean radius of the earth is about 6,378 kilometres (3,963 mi). (See Earth radius) Using the same units for both the altitude of the station and the radius of the earth,
If the height is given in m. and distance in km.
If the height is given in ft. and the distance in miles,
The above analysis doesn’t take the effect of atmosphere on the propagation path of the RF signals into consideration. In fact, the RF signals don’t propagate in straight lines. Because of the canalizing effects of atmospheric layers, the propagation paths are somewhat curved. Thus, the maximum service range of the station, is not equal to the line of sight distance. Usually a factor k is used in the equation above
Earth /ˈɜːrθ/ (also the world, in Greek: Γαῖα Gaia, or in Latin: Terra) is the third planet from the Sun, the densest planet in the Solar System, the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets, and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
According to evidence from radiometric dating and other sources, Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years ago. Earth gravitationally interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon. During one orbit around the Sun, Earth rotates about its own axis 366.26 times, creating 365.26 solar days or one sidereal year. Earth's axis of rotation is tilted 23.4° away from the perpendicular of its orbital plane, producing seasonal variations on the planet's surface with a period of one tropical year (365.24 solar days). The Moon is Earth's only permanent natural satellite. Its gravitational interaction with Earth causes ocean tides, stabilizes the orientation of Earth's rotational axis, and gradually slows Earth's rotational rate.
See the article on the earth's equatorial bulge at http://squishtheory.wordpress.com/the-earths-equatorial-bulge/ The video merely shows that the centrifugal force on a spinning sphere, causes it to become elliptical in one plane. To those people who did not like the video, what is your problem? Do you object to the existence of centrifugal forces, do you think I was cruel to the balloon, or were you expecting a naked woman and a juggling hamster?
Demonstrates how a spherical shaped object can become an ellipsoid when rotated. A thin spring steel hoop is placed on a hand-driven rotator that is rotated about it's diameter. As it is rotated faster and faster, it elongates radially from the axis of rotation. This is analogous to why the earth's radius is wider at the equator than at the poles.
This is a class assignment. Video explaining the Equatorial Bulge and why the highest point on earth is not Mt Everest. All the information was provided by the following links. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-is-not-round/ https://www.theweathernetwork.com/us/news/articles/climate-and-environment/ecuadors-mt-chimborazo-is-officially-highest-spot-on-earth/66219 http://geology.com/records/highest-mountain-in-the-world.shtml http://regentsprep.org/regents/earthsci/units/introduction/oblate.cfm http://www.space.com/17638-how-big-is-earth.html
As it orbits the Earth at an average of 384,000 km, the Moon's gravity tugs back on Earth and the oceans creating the tides. The resultant bulge leads the Moon by a few degrees, causing a net effect which is boosting the Moon's orbit while slowing the Earth's rotation (due to conservation of energy) Note: The rotation of the Earth has been slowed in relation to the Moon's orbit in this animation. The tidal bulge was also greatly exaggerated for visibility. The blue and red rods don't actually exist, they just aid in visualizing the rotational elements~ Rendered in Blender 2.70a. Textures courtesy of NASA. See Also: http://www.universetoday.com/112450/why-is-the-moon-leaving-us/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_friction
No Bulging of Oceans at the Equator "According to the official story, the Earth is spinning near 1,000 mph at the equator and slows down to less than 100 mph at the poles. Gravity supposedly holds all of the water on the Earth which also magically offsets the stronger centripetal force of the Earth’s spin. But even with the gravity excuse, why haven’t the oceans noticeably flowed towards the equator where the spin of the Earth is the fastest, creating a giant bulge of ocean water? Gravity would seemingly have to include the magical abilities of keeping the oceans spherical even where the centripetal force increases ten fold from the poles to the equator. It’s just common sense, water could not be spherically uniform on the Earth because the spin at the equator must be much faster and ...
This is Part 2 in a 4 part series trying to clear up for flat earth proponents how to calculate curvature on the globe. In this video I demonstrate how to calculate the "bulge" created by the curve of the earth between two points on the surface. Please note that Bulge Height is NOT the same as Drop Height, and can not be approximated by the 8" per mile squared formula used most often by flat earth proponents. The second half of this video is a direct debunk of Jeranism's hypothesis that the curvature of the earth formula should be 0.318 miles for every mile along the surface. Jeranism's Video :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pcux2wev-E
These astronomy guys are pretty sure of themselves... First a gravity wave is theory, if real, where does it come from? and surely, how in the world can it ever be stationary... the answers to this anomaly can be found by looking at Earth's magnetosphere when it passed through the same similar region on the clock dial... long term compression of the magnetosphere, geomagnetic storms for days at a time? Are you getting the idea?
The Pole Shift and New Geography of the Aftertime. The Pole Shift take place within an hour, with the Bulge of Brazil sliding up to become the new N Pole, the Atlantic widening while the Pacific compresses, while the new S Pole is positioned thus over the former India.Note that the N Poles are indicated by a blue color, the S Poles by a red color, in accordance with the color scheme for magnetic poles used by the non-western half of the world, including China, Tibet, Turkey, southern Russia and Russia's Far East, Mongolia, and northern Japan. The west uses a scheme which is the opposite.
The action of the tides, the variation in sea levels due to the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on the Earth.
See the article on the earth's equatorial bulge at http://squishtheory.wordpress.com/the-earths-equatorial-bulge/ The video merely shows that the centrifugal force on a spinning sphere, causes it to become elliptical in one plane. To those people who did not like the video, what is your problem? Do you object to the existence of centrifugal forces, do you think I was cruel to the balloon, or were you expecting a naked woman and a juggling hamster?
Demonstrates how a spherical shaped object can become an ellipsoid when rotated. A thin spring steel hoop is placed on a hand-driven rotator that is rotated about it's diameter. As it is rotated faster and faster, it elongates radially from the axis of rotation. This is analogous to why the earth's radius is wider at the equator than at the poles.
This is a class assignment. Video explaining the Equatorial Bulge and why the highest point on earth is not Mt Everest. All the information was provided by the following links. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-is-not-round/ https://www.theweathernetwork.com/us/news/articles/climate-and-environment/ecuadors-mt-chimborazo-is-officially-highest-spot-on-earth/66219 http://geology.com/records/highest-mountain-in-the-world.shtml http://regentsprep.org/regents/earthsci/units/introduction/oblate.cfm http://www.space.com/17638-how-big-is-earth.html
As it orbits the Earth at an average of 384,000 km, the Moon's gravity tugs back on Earth and the oceans creating the tides. The resultant bulge leads the Moon by a few degrees, causing a net effect which is boosting the Moon's orbit while slowing the Earth's rotation (due to conservation of energy) Note: The rotation of the Earth has been slowed in relation to the Moon's orbit in this animation. The tidal bulge was also greatly exaggerated for visibility. The blue and red rods don't actually exist, they just aid in visualizing the rotational elements~ Rendered in Blender 2.70a. Textures courtesy of NASA. See Also: http://www.universetoday.com/112450/why-is-the-moon-leaving-us/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_friction
No Bulging of Oceans at the Equator "According to the official story, the Earth is spinning near 1,000 mph at the equator and slows down to less than 100 mph at the poles. Gravity supposedly holds all of the water on the Earth which also magically offsets the stronger centripetal force of the Earth’s spin. But even with the gravity excuse, why haven’t the oceans noticeably flowed towards the equator where the spin of the Earth is the fastest, creating a giant bulge of ocean water? Gravity would seemingly have to include the magical abilities of keeping the oceans spherical even where the centripetal force increases ten fold from the poles to the equator. It’s just common sense, water could not be spherically uniform on the Earth because the spin at the equator must be much faster and ...
This is Part 2 in a 4 part series trying to clear up for flat earth proponents how to calculate curvature on the globe. In this video I demonstrate how to calculate the "bulge" created by the curve of the earth between two points on the surface. Please note that Bulge Height is NOT the same as Drop Height, and can not be approximated by the 8" per mile squared formula used most often by flat earth proponents. The second half of this video is a direct debunk of Jeranism's hypothesis that the curvature of the earth formula should be 0.318 miles for every mile along the surface. Jeranism's Video :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pcux2wev-E
These astronomy guys are pretty sure of themselves... First a gravity wave is theory, if real, where does it come from? and surely, how in the world can it ever be stationary... the answers to this anomaly can be found by looking at Earth's magnetosphere when it passed through the same similar region on the clock dial... long term compression of the magnetosphere, geomagnetic storms for days at a time? Are you getting the idea?
The Pole Shift and New Geography of the Aftertime. The Pole Shift take place within an hour, with the Bulge of Brazil sliding up to become the new N Pole, the Atlantic widening while the Pacific compresses, while the new S Pole is positioned thus over the former India.Note that the N Poles are indicated by a blue color, the S Poles by a red color, in accordance with the color scheme for magnetic poles used by the non-western half of the world, including China, Tibet, Turkey, southern Russia and Russia's Far East, Mongolia, and northern Japan. The west uses a scheme which is the opposite.
The action of the tides, the variation in sea levels due to the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on the Earth.
The Moon's orbit (its circular path around the Earth) is indeed getting larger, at a rate of about 3.8 centimeters per year. (The Moon's orbit has a radius of 384,000 km.) I wouldn't say that the Moon is getting closer to the Sun, specifically, though--it is getting farther from the Earth, so, when it's in the part of its orbit closest to the Sun, it's closer, but when it's in the part of its orbit farthest from the Sun, it's farther away. The reason for the increase is that the Moon raises tides on the Earth. Because the side of the Earth that faces the Moon is closer, it feels a stronger pull of gravity than the center of the Earth. Similarly, the part of the Earth facing away from the Moon feels less gravity than the center of the Earth. This effect stretches the Earth a bit, making it...
ustadh nouman ali khan, lecture nouman ali khan, nouman ali khan 2015 Dajjal is a very curly haired boy, his eyes bulging out, as similar to Abdul 'Uzza bin Qathan. Whoever among you who saw it, it should read the first verses of Surah Al-Kahf. He appeared on a road which lies between Syria and Iraq, and then make the damage on the right and on the left. O servants of God, hold on. We asked: Messenger of Allah, how long he lived on earth? His Majesty replied: Forty days. A day like a year, another day like a month, another day like a week and the other days there as the days you usually experience. We said: O Messenger of Allah, on the same day as a year, if we just do prayers like a normal day (five times during the year)? His Majesty replied: No, but estimate the distance of time. We sai...
Earth's Story Journey to the Center Of the Earth HD Full Documentary What drives the tectonic plates as they glide over the Earth's surface? Scientists have probed our planet to its core. In this realm of unimaginably high temperatures and pressures, matter takes on new forms, and solid rock can behave like a fluid. As vast masses of rock flow slowly within the Earth, so the surface moves and changes. Gigantic plumes of hot material can well up from the depths, triggering huge volcanic eruptions and causing the crust to bulge and break. The result may be the splitting of a continent and the creation of a new ocean basin Earth's Story Journey to the Center Of the Earth Universe list: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UomDc3230VI&index;=2&list;=PLz5kX9IEOrPOF6adnH-ojL0eci8-2-03K Documentary lis...
Mrs Josephine and Mr Magistrate Olokor came to The SCOAN with their children to testify what God has done in their lives. Mrs Olokor narrated her story starting from her grandmother who gave birth to five children. All her children died, remaining only one child who apparently gave birth to Mrs Olokor at a tender age. She grew up with her grandparents. She never knew the woman, who she used to see as her elder sister, was actually her real biological mother. One day, her grandmother revealed the real story of her birth. Still grieving over the loss of all her children but one, her grandmother slept off during one of her visits to the riverside. In her dream, she saw a little girl went to the river to fetch water. When the child cried, she went to help her and wished that could be hers as s...
Seismic indicators say that Earth is passing through a mini-lull period within the current earth change uptick period that started in the middle of August and expected to run through November 2017. The Black Star is currently positioned on the right side of the Libra Constellation relative to the Sun, as our planet is expected to pass behind the Sun relative to the Black Star in the third-to-fourth week of November 2017. Year-over-year weekly seismic event values for Week 35 of the 2016 Earth Orbit Cycle relative to the Black Star are extremely low showing a sub-20 value for the 5-magnitude earthquake events and a sub-200 value for the key 2.5 to 4-magnitude indicator earthquake events with both values far below the weekly average. See the 2015/2016 Seismic Chart in Terral's 2016 Newsle...
If Planet X Nibiru is a star, a 'brown dwarf' and its orbiting planets plus their moons and its 5 asteroid belts, all together a swirling debris field of a quarter of a million miles wide which is crossing our solar plane right now and is indeed getting close enough to turn our world upside down. The gravitational pull of the strange star's mass will cause the earth to slow down and maybe bring it to a complete halt. The tilting earth will create a “slosh” of all the ocean water that is now bulged up around the equator due to the centrifugal forces of earth's spinning motion. Now that you know what is at hand, you want to consider getting ready for it. We hope there will be many survivors and we pray that you are one of them. This is why we are bringing the matter of 'The Destroyer' to yo...
If Planet X Nibiru is a star, a 'brown dwarf' and its orbiting planets plus their moons and its 5 asteroid belts, all together a swirling debris field of a quarter of a million miles wide which is crossing our solar plane right now and is indeed getting close enough to turn our world upside down. The gravitational pull of the strange star's mass will cause the earth to slow down and maybe bring it to a complete halt. The tilting earth will create a “slosh” of all the ocean water that is now bulged up around the equator due to the centrifugal forces of earth's spinning motion. Now that you know what is at hand, you want to consider getting ready for it. We hope there will be many survivors and we pray that you are one of them. This is why we are bringing the matter of 'The Destroyer' to yo...
If the Earth stopped spinning suddenly, the atmosphere would still be in motion with the Earth's original 1100 mile per hour rotation speed at the equator. All of the land masses would be scoured clean of anything not attached to bedrock. An everyday phenomena that people rarely notice is that the Earth is spinning. The good news is that if the Earth's rotation stopped, we wouldn't fall off. With water pushed to the poles, we could walk on land around the entire equator, but it would be a very inhospitable place, as Dr Karl Kruszelnicki explains. We know that the rotation of the Earth is gradually slowing down. But what would happen if God, the devil or aliens suddenly and completely stopped our planet from rotating on its axis of spin? Luckily, thanks to improved knowledge about our plane...
The Moon's orbit (its circular path around the Earth) is indeed getting larger, at a rate of about 3.8 centimeters per year. (The Moon's orbit has a radius of 384,000 km.) I wouldn't say that the Moon is getting closer to the Sun, specifically, though--it is getting farther from the Earth, so, when it's in the part of its orbit closest to the Sun, it's closer, but when it's in the part of its orbit farthest from the Sun, it's farther away. The reason for the increase is that the Moon raises tides on the Earth. Because the side of the Earth that faces the Moon is closer, it feels a stronger pull of gravity than the center of the Earth. Similarly, the part of the Earth facing away from the Moon feels less gravity than the center of the Earth. This effect stretches the Earth a bit, making it...
Inhabiting THE RED PLANET MARS [Full Documentary Films] Before we delve into the many mysteries that planet Mars is surrounded by, let us look into the ancient history of the red planet. The early Romans considered Mars as a symbol for war and aggression. In an attempt to appease this volatile red war planet (War of God), various ancient cultures offered it human sacrifices. In today's scientific era, Mars is no longer a mystery or an enigmatic planet for us. Mars is the second smallest in the solar system and due to its red appearance it is sometimes known as the "Red Planet". Today, we know about Mars; how it looks, how far it is from the Earth, the time it takes to revolve its own axis, and other textbooks facts. But there is much more to the planet that adds to its mysterious charm. So...