- published: 17 Jul 2012
- views: 13889576
Familia ("The Family", from Latin familia) was the name of a Polish political party led by the Czartoryski magnates and families allied with them, and formed toward the end of the reign of King August II (reigned 1697–1706, 1709–1733). The Familia's principal leaders were Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski, Great Chancellor of Lithuania, his brother August Aleksander Czartoryski, voivode of Ruthenia (Rus), and their brother-in-law (from 1720), Stanisław Poniatowski, Castellan of Kraków.
During the 1733 interregnum, the Familia supported Stanisław Leszczyński for king, then reconciled with August III (reigned 1733–1763) and became a party of the royal court. Following unsuccessful attempts at reforming the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth undertaken at sejms between 1744 and 1750, the Familia distanced itself from the royal court. In foreign affairs, they represented a pro-Russian orientation.
During the 1763–1764 interregnum, armed Russian intervention allowed the Familia to overcome their opponents. When in 1764 Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski declined to seek the throne, the Czartoryskis agreed to the election, as king, of their kinsman, Stanisław August Poniatowski, one-time lover of Russian Empress Catherine II (the Great). In this period the Familia partially enacted their program of reforms, including the creation of treasury and military commissions limiting the power of treasurers and hetmans. Also, the liberum veto was suspended. Further reforms, however, were blocked by Russia and Prussia; and conservative opponents of the Familia and the King, backed by Russia's Catherine II, in 1767 formed the Radom Confederation and at the infamous Repnin Sejm abolished part of the recently introduced reforms.
Actors: Antônio Campos (director), Morais Barros (actress),
Genres: Documentary, Short,Now you know life aint fair it ain't no illusion it's full of despair there's no stopping it goes round and round and round you'll find yourself lost and nowhere to be found sit yourself alone and wonder about other peoples lives it's all the same bullshit, a hand full of lies but when all hope's lost and you feel losing the fight wait a sec, listen time to realize. who will understand? when no one else cares who will you run to? When your troubles run after you and feel your fear and what it is all about. who will be there to ease your pain? open your mind, listen... let me explain. (your family's at your back, be proud of your name.) you aint alone dealing with the worlds struggles take a look around everyone has their own hardtimes to handle just have to be strong and keep your faith alive because no matter what goes down for sure your familya will stand by this is a true testament for what really it's worth we are all one dealing with the same pains of this earth clear your mind, look ahead, stand with integrity coz no matter what happens, you've got your family.