Ten years after the
Greek --
Turkish War of 1897, the
Hellenic Navy had only antiquated torpedo -- ships and three battleships, manufactured in 1889.
The need to create an effective fleet resulted at the end of
1908 in its reinforcement. Four brand new
English and four
German destroyers (torpedo -- ships) were aquired. In adittion, the
Battleship "G. Averoff", the pride of the Hellenic Navy, joined the fleet.
For the resuscitation of the fleet, the re-elected government of
Mavromichalis approached the
Orlando Shipyards, at
Livorno, Italy, where at the time, a battleship was under construction. It had been ordered and then cancelled by the
Italian Navy.
The Greeks offered to advance one third of its total cost and thus ,secured the acquisition of the battleship. The amount given in advance came from
George Averoff' s will and the rest of the cost was covered by a loan from abroad. George Averoff had been a wealthy Greek patriot and benefactor.He had willed funds for the
Greek Navy to acquire a training ship for the Greek
Naval Academy.
The 10.
200 tn, steel plated warship had
Italian engines of 19.
000 hp, 22
French boilers, German generators and English
Armstrong type cannons of 190 and 234 millimeters. Its top speed was 23 knots. "G. Averoff" was launched on the 27 th
February 1910. It arrived at
Faliro Bay on the 1 st of
September 1911, where the
Greeks welcomed it with enthusiasm.
The battleship, with the beginning of the
First Balkan War in October of 1912, was at the head of the
Aegean Fleet, under the command of
Rear Admiral Paylos Kontouriotis and set sail to
Dardanelles. It took over Limnos where the anchorage of the fleet was established in Moudros bay. After that, the liberation of Aghio
Oros and the
East and
North Aegean islands (
Thasos, Samothraki,
Tenedos, Aghios Eustratios, Mitilini,
Chios) took place .
An engagement with the
Turkish fleet was inevitable. Rear Admiral Kountouriotis' plan favoured a battle offensive. On December 3th 1912 , he ordered the fleet to sail towards the
Ottoman fleet that had made its appearance at the exit of the Dardanelles. Kountouriotis dispatched his famous signal to the Greek ships which were led by "G. Averoff". "By the power of God and the wishes of our
King and in the name of justice, I sail towards the victory against the enemy of the
Nation."
The successful result of the battles of Elli and Limnos that followed, discouraged the
Sultan and the
Sublime Porte's expectations of controlling the
Aegean Sea. The
Ottoman Fleet would never attempt another exit to the Aegean.
Greece remained neutral during most of
World War I. The
Eleutherios Venizelos government in
1917 decided to participate on the
Allies' side.
At the end of the first
World War in
November 1918 --
Turkey capitulated (Moudros truce) and Greece was on the winners' side. "G.Averoff" sailed to
Constantinople and raised the
Greek flag as one of the winning powers of the
Great War. After, the signing of the
peace treaties, "G.Averoff" with the rest of the fleet moved the Greek troops to
Asia Minor..
In
1941 after the start of
World War II, the
Greek fleet had moved to
Alexandria with "G.Averoff" at the lead. From Alexandria, the battleship was dispatched to
Bombay to patrol the
Indian Ocean. At the end of the war 'G.Averoff" anchored with the rest of the fleet at Faliro (
17 Oct.
1944) having brought back the
Greek government from its exile in
Cairo.
In
1952'G. Averoff' was decommissioned. From
1956 until
1983, the battleship was moved to Poros. In
1984, the
Navy decided to restore it as a museum.
Thirty years after being set aside, the battleship was on a new course. The ship was moved from Poros to its present location at P.Faliro, where the restoration took place.
The cost for the stabilization and the restoration from
1985 until today is vety large. A large percentage of it comes from donations, the most important of which are those of the
Cyprus Democracy, the
Latsis family and the Onasis foundation.
Today the "G. Averoff " battleship museum honors those who served and died during its time of active service. It also keeps alive a sense of the Greek Navy's heritage. The battleship serves its educational purposes by hosting day visits from schools, institutions, organizations and private individuals. Those visits fulfil the second part of the donors' , George Averoff's, vision who wished the ship to fulfill an educational purpose.
- published: 14 Nov 2007
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