Joseph de Guignes (October 19, 1721 – March 19, 1800), was a French orientalist, sinologist and turkologist born at Pontoise, the son of Jean Louis de Guignes and Françoise Vaillant. He died in Paris.

He succeeded Étienne Fourmont at the Royal Library as secretary interpreter of the Eastern languages. His Mémoire historique sur l'origine des Huns et des Turcs, published in 1748, earned him admission to the Royal Society of London in 1752, and he became an associate of the French Academy of Inscriptions in 1754. There soon followed the three volume work, Histoire générale des Huns, des Mongoles, des Turcs et des autres Tartares occidentaux (1756-1758). In 1757 he was appointed to the chair of Syriac at the Collège de France.

He originated the proposal that the Huns who attacked the Roman Empire were the same people as the Xiongnu mentioned in Chinese records.^[1] This view was popularised by his contemporary, Edward Gibbon in Gibbon's famous work, Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire. The proposal has been strenuously debated by central Asianists including Maenchen-Helfen, Henning, Bailey, and de la Vaissière.

He maintained that the Chinese nation had originated in Egyptian colonization, an opinion to which, in spite of every refutation, he obstinately clung.^[2] He published a number of articles arguing that Egyptian hieroglyphs and Chinese characters were related, one deriving from the other. Although he was mistaken in this, he is the first scholar known to have recognized the fact that cartouche rings in Egyptian texts contained royal names.

Father of Chrétien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes[link]

Joseph de Guignes' son, Chrétien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes (1759-1845) learned Chinese from his father; and then the son went as consul to Canton (Guangzhou), where he spent seventeen years. In 1808, he was charged by the government with the work of preparing a Chinese-French-Latin dictionary (Dictionnaire Chinois, Français et Latin, le Vocabulaire Chinois Latin, 1813). He was also the author of a work of travels (Voyages a Pékin, Manille, et l'île de France, 1808).^[3]

Works[link]

• 1748 -- Mémoire historique sur l'origine des Huns et des Turcs
• 1757 -- Histoire generale des Huns, des Mongoles, des Turcs el des autres Tartares occidentaux, 3 vols. Paris: Desaint & Saillant. OCLC 5153747
• 1761 -- Recherches sur les Navigations des Chinois du Cote de l'Amerique, et sur quelques Peuples situés a l'extremite orientale de l"asie.^[4]
• 1789 -- An historical essay on the origin of the Oriented characters in the Royal printing-house, on the works which have been printed at Paris, in Arabic in Syriac, in Armenian, &c. and on the Greek characters of Francis I. commonly called the King's Greek. London: OCLC 45767900

• 1824 -- Supplément a L'Histoire Générale Des Huns, Des Turks Et Des Mogols. with Osip Ivanovich Senkovskīĭ, Muhammad Yūsuf ibn Khawājah Baqā, Józef Se︣kowski, Muḥammad Yūsuf. Paris: Imprimerie de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences. OCLC 221450524

Notes[link]

References[link]

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Guignes
Guignes
Location within Île-de-France region  Guignes
Administration
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Seine-et-Marne
Arrondissement	Melun
Canton	Mormant
Intercommunality	De l'Yerres à l'Ancoeur
Mayor	Jean Barrachin (2008–2014)
Statistics
Elevation	73–107 m (240–351 ft)
Land area1	5.68 km2 (2.19 sq mi)
Population2	2,995  (2006)
- Density	527 /km2 (1,360 /sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	77222/ 77390
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Coordinates: 48°38′11″N 2°47′59″E / 48.6364°N 2.7997°E / 48.6364; 2.7997

Guignes is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne département in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

Demographics[link]

Inhabitants are called Guignois.

See also[link]

• Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department

References[link]

• INSEE

External links[link]

• 1999 Land Use, from IAURIF (Institute for Urban Planning and Development of the Paris-Île-de-France région) (English)
• French Ministry of Culture list for Guignes (French)
• Map of Guignes on Michelin (English)

v t e Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department Achères-la-Forêt Amillis Amponville Andrezel Annet-sur-Marne Arbonne-la-Forêt Argentières Armentières-en-Brie Arville Aubepierre-Ozouer-le-Repos Aufferville Augers-en-Brie Aulnoy Avon Baby Bagneaux-sur-Loing Bailly-Romainvilliers Balloy Bannost-Villegagnon Barbey Barbizon Barcy Bassevelle Bazoches-lès-Bray Beauchery-Saint-Martin Beaumont-du-Gâtinais Beautheil Beauvoir Bellot Bernay-Vilbert Beton-Bazoches Bezalles Blandy Blennes Boisdon Bois-le-Roi Boissettes Boissise-la-Bertrand Boissise-le-Roi Boissy-aux-Cailles Boissy-le-Châtel Boitron Bombon Bougligny Boulancourt Bouleurs Bourron-Marlotte Boutigny Bransles Bray-sur-Seine Bréau Brie-Comte-Robert La Brosse-Montceaux Brou-sur-Chantereine Burcy Bussières Bussy-Saint-Georges Bussy-Saint-Martin Buthiers Cannes-Écluse Carnetin La Celle-sur-Morin Cély Cerneux Cesson Cessoy-en-Montois Chailly-en-Bière Chailly-en-Brie Chaintreaux Chalautre-la-Grande Chalautre-la-Petite Chalifert Chalmaison Chambry Chamigny Champagne-sur-Seine Champcenest Champdeuil Champeaux Champs-sur-Marne Changis-sur-Marne Chanteloup-en-Brie La Chapelle-Gauthier La Chapelle-Iger La Chapelle-la-Reine La Chapelle-Moutils La Chapelle-Rablais La Chapelle-Saint-Sulpice Les Chapelles-Bourbon Charmentray Charny Chartrettes Chartronges Châteaubleau Château-Landon Le Châtelet-en-Brie Châtenay-sur-Seine Châtenoy Châtillon-la-Borde Châtres Chauconin-Neufmontiers Chauffry Chaumes-en-Brie Chelles Chenoise Chenou Chessy Chevrainvilliers Chevru Chevry-Cossigny Chevry-en-Sereine Choisy-en-Brie Citry Claye-Souilly Clos-Fontaine Cocherel Collégien Combs-la-Ville Compans Conches-sur-Gondoire Condé-Sainte-Libiaire Congis-sur-Thérouanne Coubert Couilly-Pont-aux-Dames Coulombs-en-Valois Coulommes Coulommiers Coupvray Courcelles-en-Bassée Courchamp Courpalay Courquetaine Courtacon Courtomer Courtry Coutençon Coutevroult Crécy-la-Chapelle Crégy-lès-Meaux Crèvecœur-en-Brie Crisenoy Croissy-Beaubourg La Croix-en-Brie Crouy-sur-Ourcq Cucharmoy Cuisy Dagny Dammarie-lès-Lys Dammartin-en-Goële Dammartin-sur-Tigeaux Dampmart Darvault Dhuisy Diant Donnemarie-Dontilly Dormelles Doue Douy-la-Ramée Échouboulains Les Écrennes Écuelles Égligny Égreville Émerainville Épisy Esbly Esmans Étrépilly Everly Évry-Grégy-sur-Yerre Faremoutiers Favières Faÿ-lès-Nemours Féricy Férolles-Attilly Ferrières-en-Brie La Ferté-Gaucher La Ferté-sous-Jouarre Flagy Fleury-en-Bière Fontainebleau Fontaine-Fourches Fontaine-le-Port Fontains Fontenailles Fontenay-Trésigny Forfry Forges Fouju Fresnes-sur-Marne Frétoy Fromont Fublaines Garentreville Gastins La Genevraye Germigny-l'Évêque Germigny-sous-Coulombs Gesvres-le-Chapitre Giremoutiers Gironville Gouaix Gouvernes La Grande-Paroisse Grandpuits-Bailly-Carrois Gravon Gressy Gretz-Armainvilliers Grez-sur-Loing Grisy-Suisnes Grisy-sur-Seine Guérard Guercheville Guermantes Guignes Gurcy-le-Châtel Hautefeuille La Haute-Maison Héricy Hermé Hondevilliers La Houssaye-en-Brie Ichy Isles-les-Meldeuses Isles-lès-Villenoy Iverny Jablines Jaignes Jaulnes Jossigny Jouarre Jouy-le-Châtel Jouy-sur-Morin Juilly Jutigny Lagny-sur-Marne Larchant Laval-en-Brie Léchelle Lescherolles Lesches Lésigny Leudon-en-Brie Lieusaint Limoges-Fourches Lissy Liverdy-en-Brie Livry-sur-Seine Lizines Lizy-sur-Ourcq Lognes Longperrier Longueville Lorrez-le-Bocage-Préaux Louan-Villegruis-Fontaine Luisetaines Lumigny-Nesles-Ormeaux Luzancy Machault La Madeleine-sur-Loing Magny-le-Hongre Maincy Maisoncelles-en-Brie Maisoncelles-en-Gâtinais Maison-Rouge Marchémoret Marcilly Les Marêts Mareuil-lès-Meaux Marles-en-Brie Marolles-en-Brie Marolles-sur-Seine Mary-sur-Marne Mauperthuis Mauregard May-en-Multien Meaux Le Mée-sur-Seine Meigneux Meilleray Melun Melz-sur-Seine Méry-sur-Marne Le Mesnil-Amelot Messy Misy-sur-Yonne Mitry-Mory Moisenay Moissy-Cramayel Mondreville Mons-en-Montois Montarlot Montceaux-lès-Meaux Montceaux-lès-Provins Montcourt-Fromonville Montdauphin Montenils Montereau-Fault-Yonne Montereau-sur-le-Jard Montévrain Montgé-en-Goële Monthyon Montigny-le-Guesdier Montigny-Lencoup Montigny-sur-Loing Montmachoux Montolivet Montry Moret-sur-Loing Mormant Mortcerf Mortery Mouroux Mousseaux-lès-Bray Moussy-le-Neuf Moussy-le-Vieux Mouy-sur-Seine Nandy Nangis Nanteau-sur-Essonne Nanteau-sur-Lunain Nanteuil-lès-Meaux Nanteuil-sur-Marne Nantouillet Nemours Neufmoutiers-en-Brie Noisiel Noisy-Rudignon Noisy-sur-École Nonville Noyen-sur-Seine Obsonville Ocquerre Oissery Orly-sur-Morin Ormesson Les Ormes-sur-Voulzie Othis Ozoir-la-Ferrière Ozouer-le-Voulgis Paley Pamfou Paroy Passy-sur-Seine Pécy Penchard Perthes Pézarches Pierre-Levée Le Pin Le Plessis-aux-Bois Le Plessis-Feu-Aussoux Le Plessis-l'Évêque Le Plessis-Placy Poigny Poincy Poligny Pommeuse Pomponne Pontault-Combault Pontcarré Précy-sur-Marne Presles-en-Brie Pringy Provins Puisieux Quiers Quincy-Voisins Rampillon Réau Rebais Recloses Remauville Reuil-en-Brie La Rochette Roissy-en-Brie Rouilly Rouvres Rozay-en-Brie Rubelles Rumont Rupéreux Saâcy-sur-Marne Sablonnières Saint-Ange-le-Viel Saint-Augustin Saint-Barthélemy Saint-Brice Saint-Cyr-sur-Morin Saint-Denis-lès-Rebais Sainte-Aulde Sainte-Colombe Saint-Fargeau-Ponthierry Saint-Fiacre Saint-Germain-Laval Saint-Germain-Laxis Saint-Germain-sous-Doue Saint-Germain-sur-École Saint-Germain-sur-Morin Saint-Hilliers Saint-Jean-les-Deux-Jumeaux Saint-Just-en-Brie Saint-Léger Saint-Loup-de-Naud Saint-Mammès Saint-Mard Saint-Mars-Vieux-Maisons Saint-Martin-des-Champs Saint-Martin-du-Boschet Saint-Martin-en-Bière Saint-Méry Saint-Mesmes Saint-Ouen-en-Brie Saint-Ouen-sur-Morin Saint-Pathus Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours Saint-Rémy-la-Vanne Saints Saint-Sauveur-lès-Bray Saint-Sauveur-sur-École Saint-Siméon Saint-Soupplets Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes Salins Sammeron Samois-sur-Seine Samoreau Sancy Sancy-lès-Provins Savigny-le-Temple Savins Seine-Port Sept-Sorts Serris Servon Signy-Signets Sigy Sivry-Courtry Sognolles-en-Montois Soignolles-en-Brie Soisy-Bouy Solers Souppes-sur-Loing Sourdun Tancrou Thénisy Thieux Thomery Thorigny-sur-Marne Thoury-Férottes Tigeaux La Tombe Torcy Touquin Tournan-en-Brie Tousson La Trétoire Treuzy-Levelay Trilbardou Trilport Trocy-en-Multien Ury Ussy-sur-Marne Vaires-sur-Marne Valence-en-Brie Vanvillé Varennes-sur-Seine Varreddes Vaucourtois Le Vaudoué Vaudoy-en-Brie Vaux-le-Pénil Vaux-sur-Lunain Vendrest Veneux-les-Sablons Verdelot Verneuil-l'Étang Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine Vert-Saint-Denis Vieux-Champagne Vignely Villebéon Villecerf Villemaréchal Villemareuil Villemer Villenauxe-la-Petite Villeneuve-le-Comte Villeneuve-les-Bordes Villeneuve-Saint-Denis Villeneuve-sous-Dammartin Villeneuve-sur-Bellot Villenoy Villeparisis Villeroy Ville-Saint-Jacques Villevaudé Villiers-en-Bière Villiers-Saint-Georges Villiers-sous-Grez Villiers-sur-Morin Villiers-sur-Seine Villuis Vimpelles Vinantes Vincy-Manœuvre Voinsles Voisenon Voulangis Voulton Voulx Vulaines-lès-Provins Vulaines-sur-Seine Yèbles

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