- published: 26 Apr 2013
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Threat of force in public international law is a situation between states described by British lawyer Ian Brownlie as:
The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties notes in its preamble that both the threat and the use of force are prohibited. Moreover, in Article 52, it establishes the principle that if threats of using force are made during diplomatic negotiations, then any resulting treaty is invalid, stating "A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations".
English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca. It is an official language of almost 60 sovereign states, the most commonly spoken language in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, and New Zealand, and a widely spoken language in countries in the Caribbean, Africa, and South Asia. It is the third most common native language in the world, after Mandarin and Spanish. It is the most widely learned second language and is an official language of the United Nations, of the European Union, and of many other world and regional international organisations.
English has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years. The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English. Middle English began in the late 11th century with the Norman conquest of England.Early Modern English began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the printing press to London and the King James Bible as well as the Great Vowel Shift. Through the worldwide influence of the British Empire, modern English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through all types of printed and electronic media, as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower, English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and in professional contexts such as science, navigation, and law.
Avram Noam Chomsky (/ˈnoʊm ˈtʃɒmski/; born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, logician, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes described as "the father of modern linguistics," Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy, and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science. He has spent most of his career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he is Institute Professor Emeritus, and is the author of over 100 books, primarily on politics and linguistics. Ideologically, he aligns with anarcho-syndicalism and libertarian socialism.
Born to a middle-class Ashkenazi Jewish family in Philadelphia, Chomsky developed an early interest in anarchism from alternative bookstores in New York City. At the age of sixteen he began studies at the University of Pennsylvania, taking courses in linguistics, mathematics, and philosophy. He married fellow linguist Carol Schatz in 1949. From 1951 to 1955 he was appointed to Harvard University's Society of Fellows, where he developed the theory of transformational grammar for which he was awarded his doctorate in 1955. That year he began teaching at MIT, in 1957 emerging as a significant figure in the field of linguistics for his landmark work Syntactic Structures, which laid the basis for the scientific study of language, while from 1958 to 1959 he was a National Science Foundation fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study. He is credited as the creator or co-creator of the universal grammar theory, the generative grammar theory, the Chomsky hierarchy, and the minimalist program. Chomsky also played a pivotal role in the decline of behaviorism, being particularly critical of the work of B. F. Skinner.
Assuming efforts to achieve a negotiated resolution do not succeed, President Obama has made clear that the military option to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons remains on the table. Under what circumstance would the exercise of that option be consistent with domestic and international law? If the Security Council is blocked by Russia and China, what actions can the US or NATO take? Would authorization of the Congress be necessary? What about action by Israel?
MaximsNewsNetwork: 03 June 2010 - UNTV: United Nations, New York - The use of targeted killings with weapons like drone aircraft poses a growing challenge to the international rule of law, the United Nations special rapporteur on extrajudicial killings said today at the U.N. in Geneva. Philip Alston, who released his report to the Human Rights Council, said that the United States (US) in particular was doing damage to rules designed to protect the right of life. "Targeted killings pose a rapidly growing challenge to the international rule of law. They are increasingly used in circumstances which violate the relevant rules of international law. The international community needs to be more forceful in demanding accountability," Alston, reserved particular criticism for CIA-directed ...
http://www.democracynow.org - In a national address from the White House Tuesday night, President Obama announced he is delaying a plan to strike Syria while pursuing a diplomatic effort from Russia for international monitors to take over and destroy Syria's arsenal of chemical weapons. However, Obama still threatened to use force against Syria if the plan fails. We get reaction to Obama's speech from world-renowned political dissident and linguist, MIT Professor Emeritus Noam Chomsky. Watch Part 2 of this interview: http://youtu.be/tDiLHuWHbBQ "The Russian plan is a godsend for Obama," Chomsky says. "It saves him from what would look like a very serious defeat. He has not been able to obtain virtually any international support, and it looked as though Congress wasn't going to support i...
http://www.democracynow.org - In a national address from the White House Tuesday night, President Obama announced he is delaying a plan to strike Syria while pursuing a diplomatic effort from Russia for international monitors to take over and destroy Syria's arsenal of chemical weapons. However, Obama still threatened to use force against Syria if the plan fails. We get reaction to Obama's speech from world-renowned political dissident and linguist, MIT Professor Emeritus Noam Chomsky. Watch Part 1 of this interview: http://youtu.be/T0HWMUIr9Yo "The Russian plan is a godsend for Obama," Chomsky says. "It saves him from what would look like a very serious defeat. He has not been able to obtain virtually any international support, and it looked as though Congress wasn't going to support i...
Max Igan - Surviving the Matrix - Episode 256 - American Voice Radio, April 29th, 2016 - http://thecrowhouse.com Support The Crowhouse: https://www.patreon.com/maxigan?ty=h TheCrowhouse BTC address: 1NPsKQ2d23aWqqwqQ2qfgMv19XyMPmYh7K Universal Law/sovereign law trumps all others. 1. No man or woman, in or out of government shall initiate force, threat of force or fraud against my life and property and, any and all contracts Im a party to not giving full disclosure to me whether signed by me or not are void at my discretion. 2. I may use force in self-defense against anyone that violates Law 1. 3. There shall be no exceptions to Law 1 and 2. When the tyrant has disposed of foreign enemies by conquest or treaty and there is nothing to fear from them, then he is always stirring up so...
International Law and the Internet: Adapting Legal Frameworks in Response to Online Warfare and Revolutions Fueled by Social Media Presented by the Emory International Law Review and Emory's Center for International and Comparative Law
Check Out The X22 Report Spotlight YouTube Channel – https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1rnp-CySclyhxyjA4f14WQ Get economic collapse news throughout the day visit http://x22report.com Report date: 03.17.2016 OSCE reports Kiev troops at the contact line. Victoria Nuland reports that Ukraine will not change the constitution, violating the Minsk II cease fire agreement.US is now stockpiling military assets in the Pacific to respond to Russian and Chinese threats. UN and Western countries object to Israel grabbing more land from the Palestinians, against international law. Sanctioned are placed on the Tobruk government in Libya as the coalition forces try to force a new government on the people. NATO more ships arrive in the Aegean sea. Pentagon says US military not ready for war. All so...
Noam Chomsky on Syria, 11 Sept 2013 via DemocracyNow! "The Russian plan is a godsend for Obama," Chomsky says. "It saves him from what would look like a very serious defeat. He has not been able to obtain virtually any international support, and it looked as though Congress wasn't going to support it either, which would leave him completely out on a limb. This leaves him a way out: he can maintain the threat of force, which incidentally is a crime under international law. We should bear in mind that the core principle of the United Nations charter bars the threat or use of force. So all of this is criminal to begin with, but he'll continue with that."
Contemporary efforts to respond to the threat of terrorism raise difficult questions about the meaning and scope of "prevention" and "preventive" responses permissible under international law. What does the international rule of law framework (the UN Charter, international human rights, humanitarian, refugee, and criminal law) say about preventive strategies such as the use of lethal force against groups and individuals, preventative or administrative detention, preventive intelligence and law enforcement techniques, and increased reliance upon diplomatic assurances? How do the applicable legal principles relate and intersect and with what implications for state practices and policies and the rule of law? Please join ASIL in co-sponsorship with Oxford University Press, the World Justice P...
Max Igan - Surviving the Matrix - Episode 265 - American Voice Radio, July 29th, 2016 - http://thecrowhouse.com Support The Crowhouse: https://www.patreon.com/maxigan?ty=h Universal Law/sovereign law trumps all others. 1. No man or woman, in or out of government shall initiate force, threat of force or fraud against my life and property and, any and all contracts Im a party to not giving full disclosure to me whether signed by me or not are void at my discretion. 2. I may use force in self-defense against anyone that violates Law 1. 3. There shall be no exceptions to Law 1 and 2. When the tyrant has disposed of foreign enemies by conquest or treaty and there is nothing to fear from them, then he is always stirring up some war or other, in order that the people may require a leade...
Noam Chomsky in the first segment tears President Don Corleone a new one. Well, the Russian plan is a godsend for Obama. It saves him from what would look like a very serious political defeat. He has not been able to obtain virtually any international support for this—the action he's contemplating. Even Britain wouldn't support it. And it looked as though Congress wasn't going to support it either, which would leave him completely out on a limb. This leaves him a way out. He can maintain the threat of force, which incidentally is a crime under international law, that we should bear in mind that the core principle of the United Nations Charter bars the threat or use of force, threat or use of force. So all of this is criminal, to begin with, but he'll continue with that. The United State...
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