Benjamin N. Cardozo

Benjamin Nathan Cardozo (May 24, 1870 – July 9, 1938) was an American jurist who served on the New York Court of Appeals and later as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. Cardozo is remembered for his significant influence on the development of American common law in the 20th century, in addition to his philosophy and vivid prose style. Cardozo served on the Supreme Court six years, from 1932 until his death in 1938. Many of his landmark decisions were delivered during his eighteen-year tenure on the New York Court of Appeals, the highest court of that state.

Life and career

Cardozo was born in 1870 in New York City, the son of Rebecca Washington (née Nathan) and Albert Jacob Cardozo. Both Cardozo's maternal grandparents, Sara Seixas and Isaac Mendes Seixas Nathan, and his paternal grandparents, Ellen Hart and Michael H. Cardozo, were Western Sephardim of the Portuguese Jewish community, affiliated with Manhattan's Congregation Shearith Israel; their families emigrated from London, England before the American Revolution.

Cardozo High School

Cardozo High School can refer to:

High school

A high school (also secondary school, senior school, secondary college) is a school that provides adolescents with part or all of their secondary education. It may come after primary school or middle school and be followed by higher education or vocational training.

Terminology

The term "high school" originated in Scotland, with the world's oldest high school being Edinburgh's Royal High School from 1505. The Royal High School was used as a model for the first public high school in the United States, Boston Latin School founded in Boston, Massachusetts.

The precise stage of schooling provided by a high school differs from country to country, and may vary within the same jurisdiction. In all of New Zealand and Malaysia, along with most of Britain and parts of Australia, Bangladesh and Canada, high school means the same thing as secondary school, but instead of starting in 9th grade, these "secondary schools" begin at ages 11 or 12.

Country by country

Australia

In Australia, high school is a secondary school, from Year 7 or Year 8 through to Year 12, varying from state to state. High school immediately follows primary (elementary) school; therefore, a Year-7 Australian high-school student is sometimes as young as 12. In Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory, the term "high school" generally refers to Years 7–10, whereas the term "College" is used for Years 11–12. In Victoria the term "secondary college" has largely replaced the term "high school" following the reforms of the Labor Government in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Some schools have retained the name "high school" (such as Melbourne High School) and many have now dropped the "secondary" and are simply known as "college".

Benjamin N. Cardozo High School

Benjamin N. Cardozo High School is a public high school in Bayside, Queens a borough of New York City, USA. The school is named for Benjamin N. Cardozo, who served as chief judge of the New York Court of Appeals and then as a justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Like all New York City public schools, Cardozo High School is operated by the New York City Department of Education. It is generally referred to simply as "Cardozo," or just "'Dozo" by the students.

Benjamin N. Cardozo High School is rated among the best public high schools in the city and in 1998, Newsweek magazine named it one of the top 100 schools in the United States.

True to its namesake, the school is known for its Mentor Law and Humanities program, offering classes in such subjects as contract law as well as a legal internship course. In addition, the school's DaVinci Research program provides students an emphasis on science and mathematics, and the Performing Dance program, for which students are selected through an audition process, provides instruction in many different forms of dance with an emphasis on learning how to be strong independent women. As of the 2005-06 school year, the school had an enrollment of 4,042 students and 189.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student-teacher ratio of 21.4.

Beach Channel (LIRR station)

Beach Channel was a Long Island Rail Road station on the Rockaway Beach Branch in Broad Channel, Queens, New York. It was located on the north end of the Beach Channel Drawbridge across from the north leg of the Hammels Wye, and served both Rockaway Beach and Far Rockaway Branch trains.

History

Beach Channel station was originally built in the Spring of 1888 by the New York and Rockaway Beach Railway, a year after the bankruptcy of the New York, Woodhaven and Rockaway Railroad. Originating at the vicinity of Signal Station #101 (later the "HJ" Tower), the site was leased by a former congressman from Freeport, New York, named Thomas A. Smith. Originally serving as dropping off point for fishermen, it was expanded into a restaurant, with a bait & tackle shop, a boat rental dealership, and two hotels on both side of the tracks.

On June 13, 1903, the hotel on the east side of the tracks was destroyed by a 3:00 A.M. fire, taking the northbound platforms and part of the trestle with it. The hotel on the southbound platforms and an adjacent club house were unaffected by the fire, but both structures were moved to the mainland in response to the disaster in 1904, the same year NY&RB ceased as an independent railroad and became part of the LIRR. This would be the first of three major fires that would disrupt service on both the Rockaway Beach and Far Rockaway Branches. The next major fire took place at Howard's Landing Station in 1907, and the third major fire would occur at The Raunt Station in 1950. The LIRR sought permission from the New York Public Service Commission to abandon Beach Channel Station, and finally received that permission on May 31, 1905.