- published: 16 Mar 2007
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A spoke is one of some number of rods radiating from the center of a wheel (the hub where the axle connects), connecting the hub with the round traction surface.
The term originally referred to portions of a log which had been split lengthwise into four or six sections. The radial members of a wagon wheel were made by carving a spoke (from a log) into their finished shape. A spokeshave is a tool originally developed for this purpose. Eventually, the term spoke was more commonly applied to the finished product of the wheelwright's work, than to the materials he used.
The spoked wheel was invented to allow the construction of lighter and swifter vehicles. The earliest known examples are in the context of the Andronovo culture, dating to ca. 2000 BCE. Soon after this, horse cultures of the Caucasus region used horse-drawn spoked-wheel war chariots for the greater part of three centuries. They moved deep into the Greek peninsula where they joined with the existing Mediterranean peoples to give rise, eventually, to classical Greece after the breaking of Minoan dominance and consolidations led by pre-classical Sparta and Athens. Celtic chariots introduced an iron rim around the wheel in the 1st millennium BCE. The spoked wheel was in continued use without major modification until the 1870s, when wire wheels and rubber tires were invented.
Actors: Tim J Francis (editor), Tim J Francis (producer), Tim J Francis (writer), Tim J Francis (director), Daniel Francis (composer), Mairi-Claire Kennedy (actor), Andrew Smillie (actor), Robert Smith (actor),
Genres: Action, Comedy, Short,Actors: Aurélien Recoing (actor), Bernard Vander Donckt (miscellaneous crew), Marin Karmitz (producer), Asia Argento (actress), Olivier Marchal (writer), Marc Leroyer (miscellaneous crew), Olivier Marchal (actor), Aïssa Maïga (actress), Patrick Quinet (actor), Gérard Depardieu (actor), Charles Gillibert (producer), Patrick Quinet (producer), Claude Waringo (producer), Gilles Béhat (writer), Anne Coesens (actress),
Genres: Action, Crime, Thriller,Actors: David Wicht (producer), Angus Macfadyen (actor), Peter Weller (actor), Bryan Brown (actor), Julia Verdin (producer), Anthony Fridjohn (actor), Andre Jacobs (actor), Liz Webber (editor), Joanne Goldstone (miscellaneous crew), Jon Kramer (producer), Steve Beswick (miscellaneous crew), Terry Norton (actress), Alex Wright (director), David Bixler (producer), Anthony Bishop (actor),
Plot: After establishing himself as one of the world's best safe-crackers, Nelson decides to retire from his life of crime and walk the straight and narrow. However, when his brother is targeted after going into debt with an organized crime ring, Nelson finds himself pulled back into the life he left behind for one last big job. Luckily, he has a little help in the form of fellow top-notch crook Art.
Keywords: ambiguous-ending, ambulance, bank-robbery, bare-breasts, bare-chested-male, beating, black-dress, brother-brother-relationship, burned-alive, c4-explosivesLight shines through darker days
Eyes close and lose their way
Slip away the night
While the whole town's asleep
Caught between the space
Where you wanted to be
Death acts and life reacts
Spent time turning looking back
Clues along the track
Leave the following kind
The ground that seems to be new
Winding up the same every time