- published: 18 Nov 2013
- views: 8391
The executive system is a theorized cognitive system in psychology that controls and manages other cognitive processes. It is responsible for processes that are sometimes referred to as the executive function, executive functions, executive skills, supervisory attentional system, or cognitive control. These functions are largely carried out by prefrontal areas of the frontal lobe.
Executive function is an umbrella term for cognitive processes such as planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, verbal reasoning, inhibition, mental flexibility, multi-tasking, initiation and monitoring of actions.
The executive functions are located primarily in the prefrontal regions of the frontal lobe. These areas have multiple connections with other cortical, subcortical and brainstem regions.Neuroimaging and lesion studies have identified the functions which are most often associated with the particular regions of the prefrontal cortex.
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved with “on-line” processing of information such as integrating different dimensions of cognition and behaviour. As such, this area has been found to be associated with verbal and design fluency, ability to maintain and shift set, planning, response inhibition, working memory, organisational skills, reasoning, problem solving and abstract thinking.