- published: 27 Feb 2009
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Parmenides of Elea (/pɑːrˈmɛnᵻdiːz əv ˈɛliə/; Greek: Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia (Greater Greece, included Southern Italy). He was the founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy. The single known work of Parmenides is a poem, On Nature, which has survived only in fragmentary form. In this poem, Parmenides describes two views of reality. In "the way of truth" (a part of the poem), he explains how reality (coined as "what-is") is one, change is impossible, and existence is timeless, uniform, necessary, and unchanging. In "the way of opinion," he explains the world of appearances, in which one's sensory faculties lead to conceptions which are false and deceitful.
Parmenides was born in the Greek colony of Elea (now Ascea), which, according to Herodotus, had been founded shortly before 535 BCE. He was descended from a wealthy and illustrious family.
His dates are uncertain; according to Diogenes Laërtius, he flourished just before 500 BCE, which would put his year of birth near 540 BCE, but Plato has him visiting Athens at the age of 65, when Socrates was a young man, c. 450 BCE, which, if true, suggests a year of birth of c. 515 BCE. He was said to have been a pupil of Xenophanes, and regardless of whether they actually knew each other, Xenophanes' philosophy is the most obvious influence on Parmenides. Diogenes Laërtius also describes Parmenides as a disciple of "Ameinias, son of Diochaites, the Pythagorean"; but there are no obvious Pythagorean elements in his thought.
Groundbreaking scholar of pre-Socratic philosophy Peter Kingsley emphasizes the sacred role of Western civilization in global oneness. Drawing from his personal experiences with Parmenides and Empedocles: foundational figures of Western civilization whose mystical dimensions have been forgotten or ignored, Peter maintains that to approach oneness authentically, Western civilization must rediscover its own sacred origins and purpose, and asks, how can Western culture participate in the harmony of oneness if it has forgotten its own note?
Arnold Hermann, author of "To Think Like God: Pythagoras and Parmenides. the Origins of Philosophy," was interviewed by Sky Radio's host Denis C. Michael on the importance of using *imagination* to think for oneself in today's information age.
Philosophy Bites: Raymond Tallis talks about the philosophy of Parmenides. Ex nihilo nihil fit.
Chapter Five from Book One, Part One of Bertrand Russell's "The History Of Western Philosophy" (1945).
"Es ist nicht möglich, zweimal in denselben Fluss zu steigen. Immer ist alles im Flusse. Es fließe das All nach Flusses Art" - das hat uns Heraklit überliefert. Um ihn und den griechischen Philosophen Parmenides geht es in dieser Folge der "Denker des Abendlandes".
Julian Nida-Rümelin gehört neben Jürgen Habermas und Peter Sloterdijk zu den renommiertesten Philosophen in Deutschland. Er studierte Philosophie, Physik, Mathematik und Politikwissenschaft, wurde in Philosophie bei Wolfgang Stegmüller promoviert, war dann wissenschaftlicher Assistent in München und habilitierte sich dort 1989. Nach einer Gastprofessur in den USA übernahm er erst einen Lehrstuhl für Ethik in den Bio-Wissenschaften an der Universität Tübingen, dann für Philosophie an der Universität Göttingen. Anschließend folgte er einem Ruf an das Geschwister-Scholl-Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, dessen Direktor er von 2004 bis 2007 war. 2009 wechselte er in die philosophische Fakultät auf einen Lehrstuhl für Philosophie. 2011 veranstaltete er...
In this interview Rupert Spira answers questions related to realization, individual character, mistaken projections onto spiritual teachers and more. Some of the questions discussed are: Is personal development necessary for realization? and Does awareness need an individual mind to know itself? This interview is featured in the "Science and Nonduality Anthology Vol.4". From an early age Rupert was deeply interested in the nature of Reality. For twenty years he studied the teachings of Ouspensky, Krishnamurti, Rumi, Shankaracharya, Ramana Maharshi, Nisargadatta and Robert Adams, until he met his teacher, Francis Lucille, twelve years ago. Francis introduced Rupert to the teaching of Jean Klein, Parmenides, Wei Wu Wei and Atmananda Krishnamenon and, more importantly, directly indicated to...
In this conversation A.H. Almaas and Rupert Spira explore the nature and dynamic of experience, and their two distinct approaches to that inquiry. Hameed Ali (A. H. Almaas), Founder of the Diamond Approach, was born in the Middle East, but at age 18 he moved to the USA to study at the University of California in Berkeley. Hameed was working on his Ph.D. in physics, where he was studying Einsteirn’s theory of general relativity and nuclear physics, when he reached a turning point in his life and destiny that led him more and more into inquiring into the psychological and spiritual aspects of human nature. Hameed is the founder of the Diamond Approach® – a spiritual teaching that utilizes a unique kind of inquiry into realization, where the practice is the expression of realization. Freedom...
In which JR attempts to make sense of two great Greek philosphers.